Iarucanga gonzalomartinezi, Perger & Santos-Silva, 2018

Perger, Robert & Santos-Silva, Antonio, 2018, A new lycid-like species of Iarucanga Martins & Galileo, 1991 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Hemilophini) from the Bolivian Andes, Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 52 (39 - 40), pp. 2487-2495 : 2488-2493

Iarucanga gonzalomartinezi sp. nov.

( Figures 1–3 )

Description

Female. Integument mostly black; frons close to clypeus, clypeus and labrum partially reddish brown; mouthparts reddish brown; antennomeres V–VII reddish brown, darkened close to apex (more widely darkened on VII); antennomere VIII with narrow reddish-brown ring basally, dark-brown on remaining surface; antennomeres IX–XI dark brown; pronotum widely reddish brown on each side of central black band; central area of prosternum and most of prosternal process reddish brown; mesoventral process reddish brown; wide central area of metaventrite reddish brown; elytra mostly dark reddish brown except black sutural band, distinctly widened toward middle after anterior third (reaching humeral carina about midlength), black band along anterior half of epipleura, and entire black posterior area; coxae and trochanters mostly reddish brown; femora black except basal dark reddish brown area.

Head. Frons moderately finely, abundant punctate along transverse central area, gradually sparser toward antennal tubercles and clypeus (especially toward clypeus); with dense, yellow pubescent band close to lower eye lobes, gradually widened toward clypeus and genae; with yellow pubescence on abundant punctate area, somewhat abundant laterally, distinctly sparser toward central area; nearly glabrous on remaining surface. Area between antennal tubercles moderately finely, abundant punctate; with dark brown pubescence not obscuring integument sideward, yellow centrally except glabrous narrow band along median groove. Area between upper eye lobes with narrow yellow pubescent band, as continuation of the bands between antennal tubercles, abruptly widened behind eyes, forming wide, longitudinal, dense pubescent band (only reaching basal area of lower eye lobe). Remaining surface of vertex moderately finely, sparsely punctate, with dark brown pubescence not obscuring integument. Area behind lower eye lobes moderately finely and abundant punctate; with dark brown pubescence not obscuring integument. Antennal tubercles moderately finely, sparsely punctate basally, smooth on apex; with blackish pubescence partially obscuring integument on some areas. Median groove slightly distinct close to clypeus, absent on central area of frons, slightly distinct toward antennal tubercles, distinct from antennal tubercles to anterior margin of prothorax. Genae moderately finely punctate (punctures slightly more abundant toward ventral side) except smooth distal area; with dark brown pubescence not obscuring integument, except yellow pubescence following that on frons, and glabrous distal area. Postclypeus minutely, densely punctate on wide central area, smooth laterally; with one fine puncture on each side of central area, from each emerges long, erect yellow setae; remaining surface glabrous. Labrum with moderately long golden setae laterally. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.03 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.44 times length of scape. Antennae 1.05 times elytral length, reaching posterior fifth of elytra. Scape minutely, densely punctate; with dark-brown pubescence dorsally and laterally, partially obscuring integument, more yellowish-brown, sparser ventrally; with moderately long, erect, sparse dark setae dorsally; with long, erect, sparse, nearly black setae ventrally, longer and more abundant on distal third, and fringe with very long, erect black setae about midlength. Pedicel with black pubescence partially obscuring integument, ventrally with long, erect sparse black setae. Antennomeres III–IV with black pubescence partially obscuring integument, with sparse, moderately long, erect black setae dorsally, long, erect, moderately sparse black setae ventrally; antennomere III with two fringes with very long black setae ventrally, one on basal quarter, another on distal third; antennomere IV with about four fringes with very long black setae ventrally, not reaching distal sixth. Remaining antennomeres with dark pubescence not obscuring integument, with long, erect, sparse black setae ventrally. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.81; pedicel = 0.11; IV = 1.16; V = 0.28; VI = 0.26; VII = 0.24; VIII = 0.23; IX = 0.22; X = 0.20; XI = 0.22.

Thorax. Prothorax parallel-sided at about anterior third, then somewhat tumid and sinuous toward posterior margin. Pronotum tumid, with irregular, slightly distinct gibbosities on posterior 2/3, shallowly, widely transversely sulcate on anterior third; moderately finely, sparsely punctate throughout; with dense yellow pubescence nearly entirely obscuring integument on light areas, with greyish pubescence not obscuring integument on dark area (looking darker due to the colour of integument). Sides of prothorax moderately coarsely punctate; with narrow yellow pubescence band close to pronotum, with black pubescence partially obscuring integument on remaining surface. Prosternum with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument laterally, distinctly sparser centrally. Prosternal process longitudinally sulcate centrally, less distinctly toward apex; with sparse, bristly yellowish-white pubescence. Mesoventrite with minute greyish-white pubescence not obscuring integument centrally, slightly more conspicuous laterally. Mesanepisternum, mesepimeron, and metanepisternum with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument (looking darker due to the colour of integument). Metaventrite with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument laterally (looking darker due to the colour of integument), with yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument on remaining surface. Scutellum greyish pubescence not obscuring integument (looking darker due to the colour of integument). Elytra. Coarsely, abundantly punctate (punctures slight finer toward apex); with dense yellow pubescence nearly obscuring integument on light areas, with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument on dark areas; with moderately short, erect, sparse black setae throughout, and similar yellow setae on light areas.

Legs. Femora with greyish-white pubescence not obscuring integument dorsally and laterally (sparser basally), with yellowish pubescence ventrally, not obscuring integument, but denser than greyish-white pubescence; with long, erect, sparse blackish and yellowish setae. Tibiae with dark yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument (looking darker due to the colour of integument), bristly toward apex; with long, erect, sparse black setae.

Abdomen. Ventrites with greyish-white pubescence not obscuring integument (looking darker on some areas due to the colour of integument); with long, erect, sparse yellowish-white setae. Apex of ventrite V truncate, slightly emarginate centrally.

Dimensions. Total length, 14.50; prothorax: length, 1.50; anterior width, 1.95; posterior width, 2.30; humeral width, 3.15; elytral length, 11.60.

Type material

Holotype female from BOLIVIA, La Paz department, Nor Yungas province, 10 km NE of Coroico ( Bolivian Yungas forest ; 16°06 ʹ 40 ʺ S / 67°44 ʹ 45 ʺ W; 1340 m asl), January 2018, beating tray, R. Perger col. ( MZSP).

Etymology

The species is named in honour of Gonzalo Martinez Alvarez, who provided the logistic support for this project and granted permission to conduct research on his land.

Remarks

Martins and Galileo (1991) described Iarucanga as follows (translated): ‘Upper eye lobes closer each other than diameter of one lobe; lower eye lobes as long as gena. Antennae 11-segmented. Scape slender, widened toward apex and slightly curved near base, slightly longer than antennomere III. Antennomeres III and IV densely pubescent, and with fringe of long and dense setae on IV; III slightly longer than IV; V–XI together longer than III. Prothorax as wide anteriorly as posteriorly, not tumid laterally. Prosternal process very narrow between procoxae. Mesoventral process narrow, with lateral articular surface. Elytra slightly expanded laterally from basal third, flattened dorsally; apex notched; dorsally with two longitudinal carina laterally.’

This original description encompasses a mistake regarding the prothoracic shape. Although the prothorax in the type species ( I. mimica ) is about as wide anteriorly and posteriorly, it is wider posteriorly than anteriorly in I. capillacea . In the same way, although it is not tumid laterally in I. mimica , it is tumid posteriorly in I. capillacea . Furthermore, the long setae in the antennomere IV are similar to those in the antennomere III in I. mimica and I. capillacea . Additionally, the distance between the upper eye lobes in I. gonzalomartinezi sp. nov. is distinctly smaller than width of a lobe, and the antennomere III is shorter than IV.

The shape of the prothorax is very similar in Iarucanga gonzalomartinezi sp. nov. and I. capillacea . However, I. gonzalomartinezi sp. nov. differs by the scape with distinct dense fringe of long setae centrally (absent in I. capillacea ), antennomere III shorter than IV (longer than IV in I. capillacea ), antennomere III with two fringes of long setae ventrally (about four in I. capillacea ), and widened area of the elytra narrower (distinctly wider in I. capillacea ).

Key to species of Iarucanga (adapted from Martins & Galileo 2014a)

1. Vertex with dense yellow pubescence throughout; antennomeres III and IV without isolated fringes with long setae ventrally; prothorax with triangular dark area centrally. Brazil (Amazonas, Rondônia, Mato Grosso), French Guiana, Ecuador, Bolivia........................................................................................................................... I. mimica ( Bates, 1866)

– Vertex with central area without yellow pubescence; antennomeres III and IV with isolated fringes with long setae ventrally; prothorax with wide and longitudinal central black band ............................................................................................................................... 2

2. 2(1). Scape with fringe with long setae ventrally; antennomere III with two isolated fringes with long setae ventrally. Bolivia............... ............... I. gonzalomartinezi sp. nov.

– Scape without fringe with long setae ventrally; antennomere III with about four isolated fringes with long setae ventrally. Brazil (Amazonas)................................................ ...................................................................................................................... I. capillacea ( Bates, 1866)

Geographic and ecological distribution

Iarucanga gonzalomartinezi sp. nov. has been collected so far only in the area of Bolivian Yungas forest in La Paz department ( Figure 1c ). The mean annual rainfall in this mountainous area amounts to 1500–2200 mm with a mean annual temperature of 20°C

( Molina-Carpio 2005, data from the close by Huarinilla valley). According to the biogeographical regionalization by Navarro and Ferreira (2011), the ecosystem in the study area is considered as submontane seasonal evergreen Yungas forest ( Figure 1c ). Tree indicator species for this ecosystem are Saurauia peruviana Buscalioni (Actinidiaceae) and Juglans boliviana (C.DC.) Dode (Juglandaceae) ( Navarro and Ferreira 2011).

Figures

Figure 1. Distribution of Iarucanga gonzalomartinezi sp. nov.: A, South America, image derived from Natural Earth World physical map with shaded relief at 1.24 km resolution (http://www.naturalearth data.com). B, Bolivia; study area indicated by black square. C, ecosystems of the Bolivian Yungas area; map derived from the shapefile of the biogeographical regionalization by Navarro and Ferreira (2011), using the Geographic Information System QGIS 2.14 (available at http://www.qgis.org/en/ site/); Collection location of holotype indicated by red point; MC, Montane humid Yungas forest of Coroico; MYC, Montane Yungas cloud forest of Coroico; MR, Montane Yungas rainforest; SE, Submontane evergreen South West Amazon forest; SSD, Submontane semi-deciduous Yungas forest of La Paz; SSE, Submontane seasonal evergreen Yungas forest.

Figure 2. Iarucanga gonzalomartinezi sp. nov., habitus female holotype: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) ventral.

Figure 3. Iarucanga gonzalomartinezi sp. nov., diagnostic characters and possible mimicry: (a) head frontoventral aspect; (b) holotype, live on beating sheet; (c) Plateros sp., putative Lycidae model.