Synegiodes sanguinaria ( Moore, 1868 )

Cui, Le, Jiang, Nan, Stüning, Dieter & Han, Hongxiang, 2018, A review of Synegiodes Swinhoe, 1892 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), with description of two new species, Zootaxa 4387 (2), pp. 259-274 : 262

Synegiodes sanguinaria ( Moore, 1868)

Figs 1–2 , 16 , 26, 36

Anisodes sanguinaria Moore, 1868 , Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1867 (3): 641. Syntypes Ƌ, India: Bengal (BMNH). Synegiodes sanguinaria: Swinhoe, 1892 , Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1892: 11 (cited as diffusaria Moore, 1868 ). Synegioides [sic!] sanguinaria: Swinhoe, 1893 , Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) 12, 147–157.

Diagnosis. The color of the pattern elements on the wings is pink or pinkish red in S. sanguinaria , S. punicearia and S. histrionaria . The forewing postmedial area of S. sanguinaria and S. punicearia is composed of two separate patches, larger, more colorful and separated by a narrow band only in punicearia , smaller and mostly separated by a larger gap in S. sanguinaria (this gap may be suffused with pinkish dots or both patches connected along margin or even completely connected, see Figs 1–2 ). In S. histrionaria , the patches are connected in most specimens, a continuous postmedial line is present. But rarely the patches may be separated. In S. punicearia , the basal area of both, fore- and hind wings, until position of medial band are colored pinkish, while this area in S. sanguinaria is moderately to strongly suffused with pinkish, sometimes confluent dots. S. histrionaria has this basal area only very scarcely suffused. The ground color is a clear, light yellow in S. punicearia , pale yellow, semitransparent in S. sanguinaria and a deeper, not transparent yellow in S. histrionaria . In the male genitalia, the three pink-colored species are different from other congeneric species, as the “socii” are lacking. The uncus is stout, apically bilobed in S. sanguinaria , truncate in S. punicearia and S. histrionaria . In S. sanguinaria , the posterior margin of the anellus is more expanded than in S. punicearia and S. histrionaria . The general shape of the valva is similar in all three species. In the female genitalia, the lamella postvaginalis of S. sanguinaria and S. punicearia is weakly and irregularly sclerotized, while in S. histrionaria there is a strongly sclerotized, ventrally protruding, imbricate process, unique for the whole genus.

Material examined. CHINA: Yunnan ( IZCAS): 1 6, Yingjiang Logging camp, 1700 m, 15.IV.1980, coll. Gao Ping (slide No. 3470); 4 6, Tengchong, Dahaoping, 2020 m, 24–26.V.1992, coll. Xue Dayong ; 1♀, Baoshan, Baihualing, 1500 m, 13.V.2006, coll. Zhang Peiyi. Tibet ( IZCAS) : 1♀, Zayü, Ciba, 1700 m, 9.VII.1973 (slide No. 3471) ; 1♀, Nyalam, Zham, 2250 m, 17.V.1974, coll. Zhang Xuezhong; 1♀, Zham , 10.IX.1984, coll. Li Shuyi ; 2♀, Mêdog , 80k, 2.VIII.2014, coll. Cui Le & Cheng Rui. India ( ZFMK) : 10 6 3 ♀, N. India (Sikkim, Darjeeling, Tatacta, Kalimpong Algarah ), NE. India (Arunachal Pradesh). Nepal ( ZFMK): E. Nepal, Jiri.

Distribution. China (Yunnan, Tibet), India, Nepal.

Figures

FIGURES 1–15. Adults. 1–2. S. sanguinaria; 1. Ƌ, China, Yunnan, 2. Ƌ, India, Arunachal Pradesh (ZFMK); 3. S. punicearia (holotype, IZCAS), Ƌ, China, Sichuan; 4–5. S. histrionaria; 4. Ƌ, China, Tibet, 5. Ƌ, N. India, Khasi Hills (paratype, ZFMK); 6–7. S. ornata (ZFMK); 6. Ƌ, China, Taiwan (dark form), 7. Ƌ, China, Taiwan (light form); 8. S. diffusifascia, Ƌ, N. India, Khasi Hills (paratype, ZFMK); 9–10. S. expansus 9. Ƌ, China, Guangdong (holotype, IZCAS); 10. ♀, (paratype, ZFMK), S. China, Guangdong; 11. S. obliquifascia, Ƌ, China, Tibet; 12. S.hyriaria, Ƌ, China, Tibet; 13. S. elasmlatus(holotype, IZCAS), Ƌ, China, Yunnan; 14–15. “S”. brunnearia, 14. Ƌ, China, Yunnan, 15. Ƌ, China, Sichuan.Scale bar = 10mm.

FIGURES 16–23. Male genitalia. 16. S. sanguinaria, China, Yunnan; 17. S. punicearia (holotype, IZCAS), China, Sichuan; 18.S. histrionaria, China, Tibet; 19. S. ornata, China, Taiwan; 20. S.diffusifascia (paratype, ZFMK), N.India,Khasi Hills; 21. S. expansus (holotype, IZCAS), China, Guangdong; 22. S. obliquifascia, China, Tibet; 23. S. hyriaria, China, Tibet.Scale bars = 1 mm.