Staphylinus, Sensu Lato, Including Comments, 1758

SMETANA, ALEŠ & DAVIES, ANTHONY, 2000, Reclassification of the North Temperate Taxa Associated with Staphylinus Sensu Lato, Including Comments on Relevant Subtribes of Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), American Museum Novitates 3287, pp. 1-1 : 1-

Staphylinus Linne´, 1758 (stat. nov.)

TYPE SPECIES: Staphylinus erythropterus Linne´, 1758 .

COMMENTS: All members of this genus share the synapomorphy of the middle coxal cavities not margined posteromedially ( fig. 64 ). In addition, they share ( 1) superior line of pronotal hypomeron markedly and relatively abruptly deflexed ventrad, before or at most at middle of pronotum, with its anterior portion situated markedly below basal portion in lateral view ( fig. 112 ); ( 2) bicolored black body with red elytra and legs red excluding coxae; and ( 3) presence of yellow tomentose pubescence on head and usually also on pronotum, and paired yellow tomentose patches on abdominal tergites.

Further character states include: right mandible with one stout, apically truncate, subemarginate or slightly emarginate tooth, left mandible with two dorsal teeth, and with one somewhat smaller tooth in more ventral plane ( fig. 138 ); mandibular prostheca narrow, elongate, with ciliae present only at apex ( fig. 15 ); last segment of maxillary palpus fusiform, narrower and markedly shorter than segment three, asetose ( fig. 24 ); ligula emarginate; last segment of labial palpus fusiform, narrower and markedly longer than segment two, asetose ( fig. 139 ); anterior margin of submentum inwardly arcuate, without bead; postmandibular ridge rudimentary to very short; base of infraorbital ridge on the neck distinctly recurved toward nuchal ridge dorsally, sometimes reaching it; superior and inferior lines of pronotal hypomeron connected well before anterior angles of pronotum ( fig. 57 ); epimeron of prothorax absent ( fig. 50 ); prosternum with middle portion of basisternite broadly rounded or gradually sloping anteriad; serial long setae on mesosternum originating in moderately impressed punctures in subtransverse to broadly arcuate arrangement; spines on dorsal apicolateral lobe of hind coxae small, almost indistinguishable in size from other setae.

This is a new concept of this genus, restricted to the species around S. erythropterus and S. caesareus . Six Palearctic and one Nearctic species are at present included in the genus.

Figures

Figs. 59–64. 59. Dinothenarus pubescens, series of long setae (some represented only by their sockets) on mesosternum. 60. Miobdelus sp., series of long setae on mesosternum. 61. Craspedomerus sp., series of long setae on mesosternum without transverse ridge. 62. Tasgius melanarius, mesocoxal acetabulum. 63. Ocypus weisei, mesocoxal acetabulum. 64. Staphylinus dimidiaticornis, mesocoxal cavities, not margined posteromedially.

Figs. 111–116. 111. Dinothenarus pubescens, pronotum showing both marginal lines of pronotal hypomeron, and two lateral macrosetae, lateral view. 112. Staphylinus erythropterus, pronotum showing both marginal lines of pronotal hypomeron, and two lateral macrosetae, lateral view. 113. Ocypus ophthalmicus ophthalmicus, pronotum showing both marginal lines of pronotal hypomeron, and two lateral macrosetae, ventrolateral view. 114. Ocypus nitens semialatus, pronotum showing both marginal lines of pronotal hypomeron, and two lateral macrosetae, lateral view. 115. Physetops sp., dorsal face of neck, with dorsal portion of nuchal ridge missing. 116. Ontholestes cingulatus, dorsal face of neck, with nuchal ridge.

Figs. 136–141. 136. Platydracus stercorarius, pronotal hypomeron, ventral view. 137. Platydracus stercorarius, right coxal cavity, ventral view. 138. Staphylinus dimidiaticornis, left mandible, ventral view. 139. Staphylinus erythropterus, last segment of labial palpus. 140. Dinothenarus pubescens, posteromedial portion of head and neck with pubescence, dorsal view. 141. Dinothenarus pubescens, pronotum with pubescence.

Figs. 11–16. 11. Platydracus stercorarius, right mandibular prostheca, ventral view. 12. Abemus chloropterus, left mandibular prostheca, ventral view. 13. Ocypus picipennis, left mandibular prostheca, ventral view. 14. Tasgius ater, left mandibular prostheca, ventral view. 15. Staphylinus dimidiaticornis, left mandibular prostheca, ventral view. 16. Tasgius melanarius, left mandibular prostheca, ventral view.

Figs. 22–27. 22. Dinothenarus pubescens, last segment of maxillary palpus. 23. Ocypus sylvaticus, last segment of maxillary palpus. 24. Staphylinus dimidiaticornis, last segment of maxillary palpus. 25. Ocypus tenebricosus, last segment of maxillary palpus. 26. Staphylinus erythropterus, last segment of maxillary palpus. 27. Staphylinus erythropterus, peglike setae in glandular openings on last segment of maxillary palpus.

Figs. 53–58. 53. Xanthopygus analis, disc of pronotum virtually invisible in ventral view. 54. Dinothenarus pubescens, joining of superior and inferior marginal lines of pronotal hypomeron and prosternum with strongly arched sternacostal ridge (arrow), ventral view. 55. Quedius laticollis, proepimeron, ventral view. 56. Abemus chloropterus, proepimeron, ventral view. 57. Staphylinus erythropterus, proepimeron absent. 58. Ocypus ophthalmicus, medial margin of sternacostal ridge forming a prominent finlike carina.

Figs. 45–52. 45. Philonthus caeruleipennis, superior and inferior marginal lines of pronotal hypomeron not joined, ventral view. 46. Agelosus carinatus, superior and inferior marginal lines of pronotal hypomeron distinctly not joined, ventral view. 47. Ocypus weisei, superior and inferior marginal lines of pronotal hypomeron not quite joined, ventral view. 48. Ocypus tenebricosus, superior and inferior marginal lines of pronotal hypomeron not quite joined, ventral view. 49. Creophilus maxillosus, superior marginal line of pronotal hypomeron becoming obsolete near anterior angles, ventral view. 50. Staphylinus dimidiaticornis, joining of superior and inferior marginal lines of pronotal hypomeron, ventral view. 51. Miobdelus sp., joining of superior and inferior marginal lines of pronotal hypomeron, ventral view. 52. Platydracus stercorarius, superior and inferior marginal lines of pronotal hypomeron not quite joined, appearing as a grooved carina anteriorly, ventral view.