Telemiades dawkinsi Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande, 2020

Siewert, Ricardo Russo, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik & Casagrande, Mirna Martins, 2020, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Telemiades Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Eudaminae), with descriptions of fourteen new species, Zootaxa 4721 (1), pp. 1-111 : 55-57

Telemiades dawkinsi Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande , sp. nov.

( Figs 88–91 , 163 , 200 , 213 )

Telemiades epicalus ; Francini et al., 2011. Revta bras. Ent. 55 (1): 67.

Diagnosis. Telemiades dawkinsi Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande , sp. nov. is distinguished from the other species of the “ epicalus group” by the following characters: ground color ochre yellow in males and dark brown in females, and FW with two apical spots in R 3 –R 4 and R 4 –R 5. Additionally, T. dawkinsi sp. nov. is the only known species of the “ epicalus group” restricted to Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

Description. Head: frons and vertex dark brown, with yellow scales in males and white scales in females. Eyes surrounded by yellow scales in males and white scales in females. Labial palpi with first and second segments dark brown with yellow scales in males and white scales in females; third segment dark brown. Antennae dark brown, base of each segment cream, apiculus ventrally cream; nudum of 25–29 segments.

Thorax: dorsally and ventrally dark brown with yellow scales in males and white scales in females.

FW: length of males 18–21 mm (n=29) and females 23–36 mm (n=19). DFW ( Figs 88, 90 ): ground color ochre yellow in males and dark brown in females; four dark brown spots: two cellular (upper and lower) and two discal in CuA 1 –CuA 2 e CuA 2 –2A; two apical rectangular spots in R 3 –R 4 and R 4 –R 5; in some females specimens there is an apical spot in R 5 –M 1; six dark brown submarginal spots as an irregular band in M 1 –M 2, M 2 –M 3, M 3 –CuA 1, CuA 1 –CuA 2, and CuA 2 –2A.

DHW ( Figs 88, 90 ): ground color ochre yellow in males and dark brown in females; four dark brown discal spots in Sc+Rs–R1, upper cell, lower cell, and CuA 2 –2A; six dark brown submarginal spots as an irregular band in Rs–M 1, M 1 –M 2, M 2 –M 3, M 3 –CuA 1, CuA 1 –CuA 2, and CuA 2 –2A.

VFW ( Figs 89, 91 ): as DFW; ground color brown with yellow sparse scales and spots darker.

VHW ( Figs 89, 91 ): as DHW; ground color brown with yellow sparse scales; dark brown patch on tornus; females with white sparse scales in anal margin.

Abdome: dorsally dark brown; ventrally dark brown with yellow scales.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 163 ): tegumen rectangular, posterior margin with two pairs of lateral apophysis, the distal one shorter. Anterior projection of saccus triangular, anterior margin rounded. Uncus rectangular, almost same size as tegumen, distal margin pointed. Valva rectangular, twice as long as wide; costa rounded, covered by small spines on internal margin; distal margin rounded and serrated; dorso–distal projection as a triangular process; sacculus rectangular, about 1/2 the length of valva. Fultura inferior distally bifid, with distal margin rounded. Aedeagus cylindrical, slightly sinuous on proximal half; insertion of manica in third proximal of aedeagus; opening for ejaculatory bulb rounded; distal margin pointed; opening for vesica dorsal, about 1/4 of size of aedeagus; cornuti forming two lines of sharp and conic spines, the first line with small spines located at third proximal, and second line with spines more developed and located at central region of aedeagus.

Female genitalia ( Fig. 200 ): tergum VIII rounded; papilla analis covered by scales on apical third; posterior apophysis twice as longer than papilla. Lamella antevaginalis with distal margin rounded. Lamella postvaginalis rectangular, about 2/3 narrower than lamella antevaginalis; distal margin bilobed, concave in median region and with a smooth sulcus. Ductus bursae membranous, sclerotized near ostium, dilated and rough region near of corpus bursae; corpus bursae membranous and globular, with same size of ductus; third proximal region rough. Signa absent.

Natural history. Adults were registered feeding on flowers of “Cambará–roxo” ( Lantana fucata ) ( Verbenaceae ) in Morretes, Paraná, south Brazil.

Distribution. Telemiades dawkinsi sp. nov. occurs in areas from Brazilian Atlantic Forest, with records from Espírito Santo to Rio Grande do Sul.

Etymology. This species is named to honor Clinton Richard Dawkins, an English biologist, and author of several books, including The Selfish Gene, The Extended Phenotype, and The God Delusion.

Taxonomic discussion. Telemiades dawkinsi sp. nov. is the only species of the “ epicalus group” with distribution in areas of the Atlantic Forest. In addition, there are significant differences in the male and female genitalia when compared to other species of the “ epicalus group”, thus discarding the possibility of T. dawkinsi sp. nov. being a subspecies or a variation of T. epicalus .

Type material. Holotype male deposited at DZUP with the following labels : / HOLOTYPUS / 6–IV–2001 CACATU, ANTONINA, P[a]R[aná] [ Brazil] 10m, MIELKE LEG./ OM 52.913 / Holotypus Telemiades dawkinsi Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande det. 2019/. Allotype female deposited at DZUP with the following labels: / ALLO- TYPUS/ 6–IV–2001 CACATU, ANTONINA, P[a]R[aná] [ Brazil] 10m, MIELKE LEG./ OM 53.241 / Allotypus Telemiades dawkinsi Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande det. 2019/.

Paratypes. BRAZIL: Bahia— Camacan , Reserva Serra Bonita, 15°23’S, 39°33’W, 3–10–XII–2016, 1 male, Mielke, Carneiro, Dias, Dolibaina & Santos leg. , DZ 34.050 ( DZUP). Espírito Santo— Conceição da Barra, 5–V– 1968, 1 female, C. & C. T. Elias leg. , DZ 25.891 ( DZUP); Linhares , 5–VII–1972, 1 male , 11–VIII–1972, 1 male ,

6–III–1973, 1 male, 9–14–IV–1973, 1 male, 11–16–IV–1973, 1 female, 9–15–V–1973, 2 males, 1–9–VI–1973, 1 male, 18–23–VI–1973, 1 female, 25–30–VI–1973, 1 male, 1–8–IX–1973, 1 male e 1 female, 1–8–VI–1974, 1 male, 20–III–1974, 1 male, 4–VII–1974, 2 females, I–1978, 1 female, VII–1980, 1 male e 1 female, VIII–1980, 3 females, VII–1981, 3 females, V–1982, 5 males and 5 females, C. Elias leg., DZ 25.899, DZ 25.927, DZ 25.903, DZ 25.916, DZ 25.935, DZ 25.913, DZ 25.915, DZ 25.924, DZ 26.941, DZ 25.909, DZ 25.921, DZ 25.889, DZ 25.925, DZ 25.895, DZ 25.877, DZ 25.890, DZ 25.876, DZ 25.923, DZ 25.938, DZ 25.886, DZ 25.939, DZ 25.940, DZ 25.888, DZ 25.892, DZ 25.937, DZ 25.910, DZ 25.917, DZ 25.918, DZ 25.920, DZ 25.922, DZ 25.884, DZ 25.934, DZ 25.944, DZ 25.945, DZ 2.953 ( DZUP). Minas Gerais— no specific locality, 1 female , OM 41.192 ( DZUP–OM); 1 male , OM 41.232 * ( DZUP–OM); Marliéria, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce , 200 m , 27–VII–1977, 2 males, H. & H. D. Ebert leg., DZ 25.929, DZ 25.931 ( DZUP); 14–XII–1977, 1 male, H. & H. D. Ebert leg., DZ 25.933 ( DZUP). Rio de Janeiro— no specific locality, 1 male , NHMUK 010242153 * ( NHMUK); Angra dos Reis , VIII–1934, 1 male, L. Travassos leg., OM 12.770 ( DZUP–OM); Cachoeiras de Macacu, Boca do Mato , 11–IX–1992, 1 male, Tangerini leg., ex–coll. N. Tangerini, DZ 36.129 ( DZUP) ; 4–VI–2001, 1 female, Tangerini leg., ex–coll. N. Tangerini, DZ 36.131 ( DZUP) ; 16–VI–2001, 1 female, Tangerini leg., ex–coll. N. Tangerini, DZ 36.130 ( DZUP); Duque de Caxias , 25 m , 6–II–1955, 1 male, DZ 25.928 ( DZUP); 22–II–1967, 1 male, H. Ebert leg., DZ 25.932 ( DZUP); Petrópolis, Alto da Serra , 15–IV–1962, 1 male, Mielke leg., OM 2.981 ( DZUP–OM) ; 10–V–1964, 1 female, Mielke leg., OM 5.861 ( DZUP–OM); Rio de Janeiro , 18–II–1981, 1 male, ex–coll. Gagarin, OM 5.454 ( DZUP–OM); Gávea , 1 male ( MNRJ) ; Jacarépagua, VII–1933, 1 male, L. Travassos leg., OM 12.751 ( DZUP–OM). São Paulo— Ariri , 26–V–1980, 1 female, Miers leg., DZ 25.885 ( DZUP); Cananéia , 22–IV–1999, 1 female, Mielke & Casagraned leg., OM 49.862 ( DZUP–OM); Registro , 1–IX–1967, 1 female, L. Travassos leg., DZ 25.883 ( DZUP). Paraná— Antonina, Cacatu , 60 m , 17–IV–1971, 2 males, Moure & Mielke leg., DZ 25.898, DZ 25.902 ( DZUP); 20–IV–1972, 1 female, 16–IV–1977, 4 females, 20–IV–1987, 1 female, 20–IV–1987, 1 male, 25–IV–1987, 11 males and 27 females, 18–IV–1998, 1 male and 3 females, 21–IV–1998, 1 male and 2 females, 3–IV–1999, 1 male and 1 female, 6–IV–2001, 3 males and 6 females, 9–IV–2003, 1 female, 15–IV–2003, 1 female, 26–IV–2003, 1 female, 27–III–2004, 1 female, 8–IV–2004, 1 male and 1 female, Mielke leg., DZ 25.894, DZ 25.875, DZ 25.878, DZ 25.879, DZ 25.887, OM 14.045 , OM 14.042 , OM 14.152 , OM 14.153 , OM 14.154 , OM 14.155 , OM 14.156 , OM 14.157 , OM 52.308 , OM 52.322 , OM 52.336 , OM 52.357 , OM 52.392 ; OM 14.133 , OM 14.134 , OM 14.135 , OM 14.136 , OM 14.137 , OM 14.138 , OM 14.139 , OM 14.140 , OM 14.141 , OM 14.142 , OM 14.143 , OM 14.144 , OM 14.145 , OM 14.146 , OM 14.147 , OM 14.148 , OM 14.149 , OM 14.150 , OM 14.151 , OM 14.158 , OM 14.159 , OM 14.160 , OM 14.161 , OM 52.378 , OM 52.385 , OM 52.399 , OM 52.406 , OM 48.616 , OM 48.752 , OM 49.008 , OM 49.016 , OM 49.545 , OM 48.719 , OM 49.000, OM 49.686 , OM 49.901 , OM 52.912 , OM 53.340 , OM 53.039 , OM 53.032 , OM 53.102 , OM 53.164 , OM 53.248 , OM 53.262 , OM 53.920 , OM 60.968 , OM 60.955 , OM 60.782 , DZ 34.062, DZ 34.063, DZ 34.061 ( DZUP and DZUP–OM) ; 21–IV–2007, 6 females, Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 25.946, DZ 25.947, DZ 25.948, DZ 25.949, DZ 25.950, DZ 25.951 ( DZUP); Cedro , 14–IV–2013, 1 female, Mielke & Callaghan leg., DZ 36.128 ( DZUP); Guaraqueçaba, Tagaçaba , 17–IV–1971, 1 male and 3 females, Moure & Mielke leg., DZ 25.900, DZ 25.880, DZ 25.882, DZ 25.942 ( DZUP); Guaratuba, Limeira , 10 m , 15–IV–2000, 1 female, Mielke leg., OM 51.670 ( DZUP–OM) ; 21–IV–2000, 1 female, Mielke leg., OM 51.581 ( DZUP–OM); Matinhos , 8–IV–1989, 1 female, Mielke leg., OM 22.018 ( DZUP–OM); Morretes , 10 m , 12–IV–1997, 5 males and 1 female, Mielke leg., OM 45.690 , OM 45.682 , OM 45.698 , OM 45.714 , OM 45.722 , OM 45.754 ( DZUP–OM) ; 19–IV–1997, 2 males and 2 females, Mielke leg., OM 45.627 , OM 45.874 , OM 45.691 , OM 45.866 ( DZUP–OM); Alto da Serra , 800 m , 19–II–1989, 1 male, Mielke leg., OM 21.500 ( DZUP–OM); Morro Alto , 400 m , 8–IV–2000, 1 male and 1 female, Mielke leg., OM 51.863 , OM 51.856 ( DZUP–OM) ; 11–IV–2000, 1 male and 2 females, Mielke leg., OM 51.766 , OM 51.556 , OM 51.591 * ( DZUP–OM) ; 11–IV–2015, 1 male, Mielke & Dolibaina leg., DZ 31.175 ( DZUP); Paranaguá, Alexandra , 11–IV–1970, 1 female, Mielke leg., DZ 25.943 ( DZUP); 17–IV–1971, 1 female, Mielke leg., DZ 25.893 ( DZUP). Santa Catarina— no specific locality, 2 females, Schlm. leg. , ex–coll. Staudinger ( ZMHU); 2 females , NHMUK 010242152 , NHMUK 010242154 ( NHMUK); Anitápolis , III–1934, 1 female ( MZUSP) ; Corupá [ex Hansa Humboldt], III–1938, 1 male, B. Pohl leg. ( MZUSP) ; Joinville, 1 male, Schmidt leg., 18/846 ( MNRJ); III–1940, 1 male, B. Pohl leg. ( MZUSP) ; III–1943, 1 male, B. Pohl leg. ( MZUSP) ; 6–III–1966, 2 males, 21–III–1967, 1 male, 20–III–1967, 1 male, 9–III–1977, 1 male, Miers leg., OM 10.553 *, OM 10.568 , DZ 25.926, DZ 25.919, DZ 25.908 ( DZUP and DZUP–OM) ; 9–III–1969, 1 male, 22–III–1969, 2 males, 10–III–1971, 1 male, 2–XI–1971, 1 male, 6–III–1973, 1 male, 9–III–1974, 2 males and 1 female, 4–V–1978, 2 males, Mielke & Miers leg., DZ 25.907, DZ 25.905, DZ 25.906, DZ 25.896, DZ 25.901, DZ 25.904, DZ 25.897, DZ 25.914, DZ 25.936, DZ 25.911, DZ 25.912 ( DZUP); 1–XI–2017, 1 male, Rank leg., DZ 34.040 ( DZUP); Serrinha , 200 m , 24–V–1998, 1 male, C. Mielke leg., OM 49.531 ( DZUP–OM) ; 22-II-2018, 1 male, Rank leg., OM 89.581 ( DZUP-OM); São Bento do Sul, Rio Natal , 500 m , 13–III–1990, 1 female, Mielke leg., OM 25.244 ( DZUP–OM) ; 11–IV–2014, 1 male, Rank leg., DZ 36.127 ( DZUP); São Francisco do Sul, Enseada , 27–30–I–1988, 2 males and 1 female, O.–C. Mielke leg., OM 17.410 , OM 17.411 , OM 17.409 ( DZUP–OM); Seara, Nova Teutônia , 300–500 m , II–1961, 1 female, Plaumann leg., DZ 25.881 ( DZUP). Rio Grande do Sul— no specific locality, 1 female , ex–coll. Fruhstorfer, OM 12.412 ( DZUP–OM) .

Figures

FIGURE 213. Geographical distribution of Telemiades from the “epicalus group”.

FIGURES 78–95. Species of Telemiades from the ‘epicalus group’, dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views. 78–81. Telemiades choricus (Schaus, 1902). 78–79. Male from X–Can, Mexico (OM 44.902—OM). 80–81. Female from Candelaria Loxicha, Mexico (DZ 25.874—DZUP). 82–85. Telemiades epicalus Hübner, [1819]. 82–83. Male from Parque Manu, Madre de Díos, Peru (DZ 25.857—DZUP). 84–85. Female from Roura, French Guiana (DZ 25.953—DZUP). 86–87. Telemiades sila Evans, 1953, holotype male from Vale Esteban, Venezuela (BMNH(E) 1236496—NHMUK). 88–91. Telemiades dawkinsi Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande, sp. nov. 88–89. Holotype male from Antonina, Paraná, Brazil (OM 52.913—DZUP). 90–91. Allotype female from Antonina, Paraná, Brazil (OM 53.241—DZUP). 92–93. Telemiades sp. 8 Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande, sp. nov., holotype male from Rodríguez de Mendonza, Peru (OM 63.717—DZUP). 94–95. Telemiades mielkei Siewert & Casagrande, sp. nov., holotype male from Quebrada Quitacalzón, Vale do Cosñipata, Cuzco, Peru (OM 79.821—DZUP).

FIGURES 161–165. Male genitalia of Telemiades from the “epicalus group”. 161. Telemiades choricus (Schaus, 1902) (DZ 25.870—DZUP). 162. Telemiades epicalus Hübner, [1819] (OM 73.380—OM). 163. Telemiades dawkinsi Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande, sp. nov. (OM 10.553—OM). 164. Telemiades warreni Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande, sp. nov. (OM 63.717— DZUP). 165. Telemiades mielkei Siewert & Casagrande, sp. nov. (OM 79.601—DZUP).

FIGURES 198–200. Female genitalia of Telemiades from the “epicalus group”. 198. Telemiades choricus (Schaus, 1902) (OM 44.039—OM). 199. Telemiades epicalus Hübner, [1819] (DZ 25.860—DZUP). 200. Telemiades dawkinsi Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande, sp. nov. (OM 51.591—OM).