Xiruana silarae, Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M. & Brescovit, Antonio D., 2015

Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M. & Brescovit, Antonio D., 2015, A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical spider genus Xiruana Brescovit 1997 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Anyphaeninae), Zootaxa 3980 (2), pp. 201-229 : 212-214

Xiruana silarae new species

Figs 7 A–H; 16A

Type material. Male holotype and female paratype from Usina Hidrelétrica Engenheiro Sérgio Motta, Porto Primavera (22°31'45"S; 52°57'11"W), Rosana, São Paulo, Brazil, I–II.2000, Equipe IBSP leg., deposited in IBSP 29627.

Etymology. The specific name is a patronymic in honor of Silara Fatima Batista, first author’s wife.

Diagnosis. Males of Xiruana silarae n. sp. resemble those of X. tetraseta by the conspicuous projection at the base of the embolus, but differs by having conductor of Anyphaeninae with a serrated border ( Figs 7 A, B) and median tibial apophysis truncated, with a dorso-apical projection ( Figs 7 D–F). Females are readily recognized by the enlarged anterior border of the epigynal plate ( Fig. 7 G).

Description. Male (IBSP 29627). Coloration as in X. hirsuta , except by labium and endites darker, tending towards reddish-brown. Total length 8.1, carapace length 3.5, width 2.7. Clypeus height 0.12. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.16, ALE 0.14, PME 0.14, PLE 0.14; AME–AME 0.04, AME–ALE 0.04, PME–PME 0.2, PME–PLE 0.1, ALE–PLE 0.03. Chelicerae 1.75 long, with four promarginal teeth and four retromarginal denticles. Leg measurements: Leg I—femur 3.7/ patella 1.5/ tibia 4.4/ metatarsus 3.75/ tarsus 1.7/ total 15.05; II—3.3/ 1.4/ 3.4/ 3.1/ 1.3/ 12.5; III—2.5/ 1.1/ 1.9/ 2.1/ 0.9/ 8.5; IV—3.6/ 1.25/ 3.1/ 3.9/ 1.05/ 12.9. Leg spination: I—metatarsus p1-0-0, r0-1-0; II—tibia r0-1-0, metatarsus v2-1 -0, p1-0-0, r0; III—tibia p1-1-1, r1-1-1; IV—tibia p1-1-1, r1-1-1. Palp: median apophysis with wide base, strongly curved medially ( Fig. 7 C); branches of retrolateral tibial apophysis equal in length, with conical tips ( Figs 7 D–F). Abdomen: length 4.3, epigastric furrow 0.7 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 2.4 from base of spinnerets.

Female (IBSP 29627). Coloration as in male. Total length 7.6, carapace length 3.3, width 2.39. Clypeus height 0.14. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.18, ALE 0.16, PME 0.16, PLE 0.16; AME–AME 0.06, AME–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.26, PME–PLE 0.18, ALE–PLE 0.03. Chelicerae 2.3 long, with four promarginal teeth and six retromarginal denticles. Leg measurements: Leg I—femur 3.4/ patella 1.6/ tibia 3.6/ metatarsus 3.1/ tarsus 1.49/ total 13.19; II—3.2/ 1.5/ 3.1/ 2.7/ 1.15/ 11.65; III—2.5/ 1.2/ 1.7/ 2.0/ 0.8/ 8.2; IV—3.5/ 1.4/ 2.93/ 3.7/ 1.0/ 12.53. Leg spination: I—tibia v2-2 -0, p0, r0, metatarsus v2 -0-0, p0, r0; II—tibia v2-2 -0, p1-1-0, r0, metatarsus v2 -0-0, p0, r0; IV—tibia p1-1-1, r1-1-1. Abdomen: length 4.2, epigastric furrow 0.6 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 2.15 from base of spinnerets. Epigynum: spermathecae rounded; copulatory ducts strongly curved medially, fertilization ducts with same length as spermathecae ( Figs 7 G, H).

Variation. Males (n = 10): total length 7.35–8.3; carapace 3.25–4.2; femur I 3.0–4.3. Females (n = 10): total length 7.6–11.4; carapace 2.9–3.62; femur I 2.5–3.6.

Other material examined. BRAZIL, Mato Grosso: Barra do Tapirapé (10°52'40"S; 51°37'58"W), 1♂, 5– 19.XI.1964, B. Malkin leg. ( AMNH); Goiás: Montividiu (17°26'38"S; 51°10'30"W), 1♀, 2008, I.M. Bortolin leg. ( IBSP 145394); São Paulo: Botucatu (22°53'09"S; 48°26'42"W), Usina São Manoel, 1♀, 16.XII.1986, I.M.P. Rinaldi; L.C. Forti leg. ( IBSP 165980); 1♀, 05.XI.1987, I.M.P. Rinaldi; L.C. Forti leg. ( IBSP 165981); Presidente Epitácio (21°45'53"S; 52°06'19"W), 1♂, 1♀, 20–25.III.2001, J.P. Guadanucci; R. Bertani leg. ( IBSP 38612); 1♂, 1♀, 30.III.2001, R.P. Indicatti; C.A.R. Souza leg. ( IBSP 38376); Piracicaba, (22°43'30"S; 47°38'56"W), 1♂, 7.V.2003, Prefeitura Municipal de Piracicaba leg. ( IBSP 37869); Porto Primavera, Usina Hidrelétrica Engenheiro Sergio Motta (22°31'45"S; 52°57'11"W), 7♂, 14♀, I–II.2000, Equipe IBSP leg. ( IBSP 29628); 9♂, 14♀, I–II.2000, Equipe IBSP leg. ( IBSP 166396); 8♂, 16♀, I–II.2000, Equipe IBSP leg. ( IBSP 29626); São Paulo (23°32'51"S; 46°38'10"W), Usina Hidrelétrica de Três Irmãos, 1♀, X.1990, M. Costa; C, Bertim leg. ( IBSP 4820); Paraná: Santa Helena (24°51'37"S; 54°19'58"W), Reserva Biológica de Santa Helena, 1♂, 12–16.XI.1991, A.B. Bonaldo leg. ( IBSP 165983).

Distribution. Midwest, Southeast and South Brazil ( Fig. 16 A).

Figures

FIGURE 7. Xiruana silarae n. sp.: A male left palp, ventral view; B same, retrolateral view; C same, median apophysis; D male palpal tibia, retrolateral view; E same, retrodorsal view; F same, dorsal view; G female epigynum, ventral view; H same, dorsal view. Scale bars: A 0.5 mm; B 0.4 mm; C 0.1 mm; H 0.25 mm.

FIGURE 16. Known distribution of Xiruana species.