Erysivena schwartzi, Symonds & Cassis, 2018

Symonds, Celia L. & Cassis, Gerasimos, 2018, Systematics And Analysis Of The Radiation Of Orthotylini Plant Bugs Associated With Callitroid Conifers In Australia: Description Of Five New Genera And 32 New Species (Heteroptera: Miridae: Orthotylinae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2018 (422), pp. 1-229 : 197-203

Erysivena schwartzi , new species

Figures 14 , 70 , 74 ; map 5

DIAGNOSIS: Defined by the following characters: midsized; head strongly expanded anteriorly; eyes medium; labium extending to metacoxae; cuneus tip and forewing membrane veins red; pygophore with two tergal processes, far right lateral tergal lobe, elongate right lateral process on ventral phalloguide with right lateral spine; left paramere strongly expanded, subtriangular, apophysis moderately elongate, apex hooked; right paramere, C-shaped, expanded medial flange on inner margin with one spine at tip, apex expanded, serrate, and strongly curved round to medial flange; aedeagus with PES simple, acuminate, with smooth margins and short medial process; DES2 unbranched, with subdistal threadlike process, expanded medially and acutely narrow apically; DES1 unbranched, margins smooth, bifurcate at apex forming C-shape where one branch is significantly longer and curved; female mIRL half height of laIRL, sub- rectangular, margin serrate; laIRL slightly curved inward at apex, with spiniferous base and small spiniferous basal lobe.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Midsize, elongate, body length 3.54–3.84 mm, pronotal width 0.95–1.02 mm. COLORATION: Dorsum yellowish green, faded; cuneus tip red; forewing membrane graybrown with darker patches laterally and in major cell, veins orange-red with color confined to veins, subcuneal clear spot not enlarged (fig. 14). VES-

TITURE: Dorsum with sparse distribution of pale simple setae. STRUCTURE: Head: Strongly expanded anteriorly; eyes midsize, extending slightly beyond anterolateral angle of pronotum; antennae with AI subequal to vertex width, AII 1.2× pronotal width; labium midlength, extending to metacoxae. Hemelytra: Cuneus and major cell of membrane moderately elongate, major membrane vein straight (fig. 14). GENITALIA: Pygophore: Dorsal margin of genital opening strongly concave; two sclerotized, elongate tergal processes, positioned left lateral and right lateral; left tergal process slightly curved downward, apex weakly expanded and serrate only distally, uniform width (not narrowing apically); right tergal process with apex pointed and distally serrate; far right lateral tergal lobe present, elongate, weakly narrowing distally, apex round, directed inward; ventral margin of genital opening convex on left side; phalloguide with elongate process ventrad to right paramere articulation, apex bulbous, one sclerotized spine on right lateral margin of process (fig. 70A). Left paramere: Strongly expanded medially, subtriangular; sensory lobe prominent, expanded, margin indented on distal side so lobe appears swollen; apophysis moderately elongate, inner margin smooth; apex hooked (fig. 70B). Right paramere: C-shaped; medial flange on inner dorsal margin directed downward, expanded, and subtriangular; subapical dorsal margin with two large spines; apex, expanded, strongly curved; tip of medial flange with large spine, and margin of apex with two rows of large spines (fig. 70C). Phallotheca: Dorsal opening small, subovate; closed medially; round distally; without lobe on basal margin of dorsal opening; weak lateral bicompression subapically on ventral surface (fig. 70D). Aedeagus: Spicule arrangement (fig. 70): PES left ventrolateral to and partially sheathing secondary gonopore, DES2 left dorsolateral to secondary gonopore, DES1 left lateral to DES2, base of all spicules originate in line with base of secondary gonopore; PES simple (unbranched), with short medial process directed perpendicular to spicule, distally acuminate, margins smooth; DES2 unbranched, with subdistal threadlike pro- cess, expanded medially, apex very narrow and threadlike; DES1 simple, unbranched, margins smooth, straight, not expanded medially, unevenly bisected with one part significantly longer and curved, basal keel (DESk) elongate (fig. 70E).

Female: Slightly shorter than males on average, body length 3.23–3.67 mm, pronotal width 0.93–1.02 mm. GENITALIA: IRS posterior margin medially strongly convex. Interramal lobes (fig. 74): mIRL entirely separated from laIRL; laIRL uniform width, curved inward at apex, base spiniferous with small spiniferous lobe; mIRL half height of laIRL, subrectangular, margins serrate.

ETYMOLOGY: Named in honor of Michael Schwartz for his significant contribution in the collecting and taxonomy of Australian Miridae , and in recognition of his authority on the Orthotylini worldwide.

HOST PLANTS: Known from Callitris glaucophylla and C. gracilis in Victoria, and unidentified Callitris species at two localities in South Australia (table 2).

HOLOTYPE: AUSTRALIA: Victoria: Wyperfeld National Park, Moonah Track, 35.46302 ° S 142.0464 ° E, 65 m, 04 Nov 2002, Cassis , Schuh , Schwartz , Silveira , Callitris gracilis , det. RBG Sydney NSW658101, 1♂ ( AMNH _ PBI 00005297 ) ( MVMA).

PARATYPES: AUSTRALIA: South Australia: 7 km E Para Wirra National Park near Williamstown, 34.70001 ° S 138.85 ° E, 250 m, 31 Oct 1995, Schuh, Cassis, and Gross, Callitris sp. , det. Field ID, 5♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00000241– 00000244, 00000246), 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00000247) ( AMNH), 6♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00000239, 00000240, 00000245, 00000248– 00000250) ( SAMA). 11 km W of Gawler, 34.60001 ° S 138.6167 ° E, 100 m, 31 Oct 1995, Schuh, Cassis, and Gross, Callitris glaucophylla or gracilis , det. K.D. Hill 1996 NSW 395960, 2♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00000233, 00000235), 2♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00000236, 00000238) ( AMNH), 1♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00000234), 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00000237) ( SAMA). Road to Streaky Bay from Poochera, 32.73441 ° S 134.7605 ° E, 100 m, 21 Oct 1996, Schuh and Cassis, Callitris sp. , det. Field ID, 1♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00003926), 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00003927, 00003928) Callitris roei , det. WA Herbarium PERTH 05095212, 1♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00000151) ( AMNH), Callitris roei , det. Field ID, 2♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00003924, 00003925), 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00000149) ( SAMA). Victoria: Wemen, SSW of Robinvale, bank of Murray River, 34.78361 ° S 142.63550 ° E, 65 m, 03 Nov 2002, Cassis, Schuh, Schwartz, Silveira, Callitris glaucophylla , det. RBG Sydney NSW658084, 2♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00003955, 00003957), 6♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00003958–00003963) ( AMNH), 1♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00003956), 2♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00003964, 00003965) ( MVMA). Wyperfeld National Park, Moonah Track, 35.46302 ° S 142.0464 ° E, 65 m, 04 Nov 2002, Cassis, Schuh, Schwartz, Silveira, Callitris gracilis , det. RBG Sydney NSW658101, 10♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00005324–00005326, 00005328–00005333, 00016563), 17♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00005300, 00005301, 00005303–00005315, 00005317, 00005318) ( AM), 7♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00003943– 00003949), 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00003951) ( AMNH), 6♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00003950, 00005295, 00005296, 00005298, 00005299, 00005302), 6♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00003952, 00005319–00005323) ( MVMA), 1♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00005316), 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00005327) ( UNSW).

OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED: AUSTRA- LIA: South Australia: Road to Streaky Bay from Poochera, 32.73441 ° S 134.7605 ° E, 100 m, 21 Oct 1996, Schuh and Cassis, Callitris sp. , det. Field ID, 1 juv. (AMNH_PBI 00003930) (AMNH).

DISTRIBUTION: Known from four localities in southeastern Australia, from western Victoria to the Eyre Peninsula (map 5). Cooccurring with two Callitricola and two other Erysivena species (table 2).

REMARKS: Erysivena schwartzi is closely related to E. endlicheriphila (fig. 56) and E. sydneyensis (fig. 73) but can be differentiated by the following characters: pygophore having only two dorsal tergal processes and ventral phalloguide with a small spine on the margin of the elongate process, ventrad to the right paramere articulation point (fig.

70A); the expanded and more mitten-shaped right paramere (fig. 70C); and the endosomal spicules with an expanded DES2 and unevenly bisected apex on DES1 (rather than the even fork shape of the other two species) (fig. 70E).

Where E. schwartzi is collected with E. drepanomorpha and E. schuhi , it is distinguished most easily (in males) by the left paramere situated along the pygophore ventral margin rather than flexed anteriorly as in these other two species. Females of E. schwartzi can be distinguished from those of E. drepanomorpha by a red cuneal tip. Females of E. schwartzi and E. schuhi are more subtly differentiated as both species have a red cuneal tip, however the hemelytral membrane veins are slightly more elongate and the red coloration is confined to the vein only in E. schwartzi . (cf. slightly rounded wing membrane veins and weak red infusion onto membrane in E. schuhi ).

Figures

FIG. 14. Erysivena species, dorsal habitus photographs of males. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIG. 70. Male genitalia of Erysivena schwartzi. A. Pygophore, dorsal. B. Left paramere, ventral. C. Right paramere, dorsal. D. Phallotheca, dorsal. E. Aedeagus, right dorsolateral. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

FIG. 74. Erysivena female genitalia: right interramal lobes of species, posterior wall of E. schuhi, dorsal. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.