Arytinnis, Percy Csiro, 2003

Percy Csiro, Diana M., 2003, Legume-feeding psyllids (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) of the Canary Islands and Madeira, Journal of Natural History 37, pp. 397-461 : 405-406

Arytinnis gen. n.

Arytainilla Loginova, 1972: 17 , in part; 1977: 64, in part; Hodkinson and Hollis, 1987: 41, in part. Type species: Arytainilla pileolata Loginova, 1976: 26 ; here designated.

Adult description. Generally bright green to grey green (some species become brown with age), lacking distinct body and wing membrane patterns; terminal antennal segments brown; forewing cells either clear or faintly yellow throughout, with or without light brown apical patches, forewing veins either uniformly pigmented light to dark brown, or with distinct light and dark bands. Forewing widest in the apical third with a broadly rounded apex; costal break and pterostigma present, pterostigma long, one-quarter or greater the length of the wing; vein Rs typically curved in the middle but not, or only weakly curved at the apex towards the costal margin; cells cu and m relatively high; costal margin of the hindwing

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slightly concave. Antennae with 10 segments. Head deflexed downwards; genal cones short, terminal setae as long as or typically longer than the vertex. Distal proboscis segment short to very long. Number of basal tibial spurs variable, typically five (3+1+1) though individuals may have as few as three; one metatarsal spur. Paramere longer than the proctiger, in lateral view either simple, tapering to the apex or with an apically thin neck above a medial blade or ridge. Profile of female proctiger variable, apex bluntly rounded; subgenital plate shallowly curved or with a medial bulge, apex acute; ovipositor valvulae ventralis slender, height of valvulae dorsalis typically as great or greater than valvulae ventralis, dorsally convex, wedge-shaped and tapering to the apex.

Nymphal Description. Variable in colour, generally with darker brown sclerites, wing pads, legs and terminal antennal segments; macrosetae pigmented light to dark brown. Forewing pads and abdomen broadly rounded apically. Antennal segments seven, eight or nine. Tergites extensively reduced on the thorax, typically not extending to the lateral margin on the abdomen. Arolium pad long, broadly expanded apically, usually with a distinct medial groove and long petiole. Circumanal ring broadly crescent-shaped with well-rounded anterior lobes, outer ring not contiguous with the apical abdominal margin and with a single row of pores. Antennae and head with simple setae. Eyes with a single ocular seta positioned towards the inner margin. Wing pads with macrosetae present, either capitate or simple. Abdomen with three to four pairs of marginal sectasetae. Legs with or without capitate setae.

Etymology. Named in part for the subfamily Arytaininae , ‘Aryt-’, together with the Gaelic for island, ‘innis’ in reference to the probable origin and extensive diversification of this group in Macaronesia. To be treated as a feminine noun.

Comment. The genus is defined by the combination of characters: short genal cones with long terminal setae; apically broad and well-rounded forewing with an unpatterned membrane and a long, well-developed pterostigma; ovipositor slender with small dorsal valvulae. The 5th instar nymphs have long antennae and three or more pairs of sectasetae. This is a homogeneous group of 21 species which appears to have radiated recently, mostly in the Macaronesian region and to a much lesser extent on the continent. Interspecific differentiation is based mainly on peculiarities of the male genitalia. Due to this overall similarity within the group there are only a few clear morphological synapomorphies such as banded forewing veins, elongate genitalia and number of nymphal antennal segments. It may be easier to base an immediate identification using geographic region and host plant (although these aspects have not been used directly in the keys) but care must be taken in the Canary Islands where a number of species occur sympatrically on the same host or on different hosts that grow in close association (in the latter case, transient adults may be found on non-host plants) .