Apostichopus japonicus ( Selenka, 1867 )

Woo, Sau Pinn, Ogawa, Akito, Tan, Shau Hwai, Yasin, Zulfigar, Kajihara, Hiroshi & Fujita, Toshihiko, 2017, A taxonomic revision of the genus Apostichopus (Holothuroidea: Stichopodidae) from Japan, Zootaxa 4350 (1), pp. 121-135 : 127-130

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.1.7

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1894067C-E4E2-4A64-ACDE-1053E034270F

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6017888

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03818785-FFBC-170A-6D8B-FE4DCF94F94D

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Apostichopus japonicus ( Selenka, 1867 )
status

 

Apostichopus japonicus ( Selenka, 1867)

Figs 6–13 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 View FIGURE 8 View FIGURE 9 View FIGURE 10 View FIGURE 11 View FIGURE 12 View FIGURE 13

Stichopus japonicus Selenka, 1867: 318 , pl. 18, figs 33–36; Semper, 1868: 74; von Marenzeller, 1882: 136 –137, taf V, fig 11; Théel, 1886: 160, pl. VII, fig. 3; Mitsukuri 1896: 408; Augustin, 1908: 6 –7, fig. 4; Mitsukuri, 1912: 163, pl. 4, figs 32–44; Ohshima, 1915: 247 –248; Clark, 1922: 61; Choe & Ohshima, 1961: 97 –105; Levin, 1983:1 –45, figs 1–12.

Stichopus japonicus typicus Théel, 1886: 196 .

Stichopus (Apostichopus) japonicus – Kanno et al., 2006: 672 –685.

Apostichopus japonicus – Kuramochi & Naganuma, 2010: 49 –54, fig. 1a, 1b, 2.

Stichopus roseus Augustin, 1908: 13 –14, fig. 10.

Type material examined. Syntype MCZ HOL –763, Northwest Pacific Ocean , Japan.

Additional materials examined. NSMT –E3673, Fukue Island , Nagasaki, 14 March 1998, T. Fujita ; NSMT – 7045A, Tateyama Bay , Chiba, 21 April 2011, Y. Tamura ; NSMT –E7046A, Futtsu , Chiba,4 29 June 2011, Y. Tamura ; NSMT –E7046C, Futtsu , Chiba, 29 June 2011, Y. Tamura ; NSMT –E7047B, Aburatsubo Bay , Kanagawa, 10 July 2011, Y. Tamura ; NSMT –E7047D, Aburatsubo Bay , Kanagawa, 10 July 2011, Y. Tamura ; NSMT –E7048, Uchiura Bay , Kanagawa, K. Yakiguchi, 28 September 2011 ; NSMT –10122A-E, 5 specimens, Takeoka, Futtsu , Chiba, K. Kawata & A. Ogawa, 24 December 2014.

Type locality. Japan.

Descriptions. Twenty peltate tentacles. Two rows of dorsal papillae, each arranged alternately in zig-zag pattern along the dorso-lateral radii. Single row of conical papillae along each ventor-lateral radius. Similar conical papillae, but larger, arranged single row at both ventro-lateral radii. Numerous, loosely arranged, small papillae scattered on dorsal and lateral body. Ventral side flattened. Tube feet arranged in 5–6 rows in central ambulacral area; 4–5 rows in both lateral ambulacra areas. Interambulcra narrow. Mouth subventral, surrounded by a ring of small papillae. Background body colour in alcohol dark reddish brown on dorsal, lighter brown on both lateral and ventral body. Gonads in two tufts; one each side of dorsal mesentery. Twenty free-hanging tentacular ampullae. Polian vesicle single, in various shapes and forms. Intestine connected to dorsal mesentery with rete mirabile.

Dorsal body wall containing tables. Tables in dorsal body wall of adult reduced, pillars absent ( Figs. 7 View FIGURE 7 , 8 View FIGURE 8 ). Disk of table oval to round in shape with smooth rims; 2–14 irregular perforations on disk. Tables in dorsal body of juvenile with four pillars; single spine at tip of each pillar. Papillae containing multiperforated plates, reduced tables, rods, and elongated buttons. Multiperforated plates in papillae with four central perforation and numerous peripheral perforations; rim of uneven ( Fig. 9A–D View FIGURE 9 ). Reduced tables in papillae similar to those in dorsal body ( Fig. 9E View FIGURE 9 ), size larger and more perforations (2–14 perforations); rims smooth to uneven, but not spinous. Elongated buttons in papillae having two longitudinal rows of 5–11 perforations ( Fig. 10A View FIGURE 10 ). Rods in papillae straight to curved; surface spinous ( Fig. 10B View FIGURE 10 ). Rods in tentacles curved; surface covered with multiple spinelets ( Fig. 11A–C View FIGURE 11 ). Tube feet with multiperforated plates ( Fig. 12 View FIGURE 12 ). Cloacal wall containing oval to rounded complex plates; surface very spinous and knobby ( Fig. 13 View FIGURE 13 ).

Distribution. Shallow temperate waters in the coasts of China, Japan, Korea and Russia. Northern distribution limit at Sakhalin Island, Russia and Southern limit in the Kagoshima prefecture in Japan (see Zhao 2015) Remarks. The reduced table spicules of other materials examined in the dorsal body are similar to the spicules named “hemmungsbildungen” meaning table spicules reduced to the ring in Selenka (1876: pl. 18, fig. 36). The most contrasting difference between A. japonicus and A. armatus can be seen in the rims of reduced tables found on the dorsal body. The reduced tables have only smooth and non-spinous rims in A. japonicus compared to spinous disk rim tables in A. armatus . Observations on the reduced table spicules of type material using SEM ( Fig. 7 View FIGURE 7 ) confirms that the rims of reduced table spicules in the dorsal body are smooth and non-spinous. Kuramochi & Naganuma (2010) also observed similar characters at rim of tables in materials they examined. Although the figures of reduced tables of A. japonicus observed under compound microscope in Kuramochi & Naganuma (2010: fig. 2) showed that the rim of disks in tables appear to be spinous, greater resolution observation using scanning electron microscope in this study revealed that the rim on the disks of the reduced tables are merely undulating on the rims but do not form spines.

MCZ

Museum of Comparative Zoology

NSMT

National Science Museum (Natural History)

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Echinodermata

Class

Holothuroidea

Order

Aspidochirotida

Family

Stichopodidae

Genus

Apostichopus

Loc

Apostichopus japonicus ( Selenka, 1867 )

Woo, Sau Pinn, Ogawa, Akito, Tan, Shau Hwai, Yasin, Zulfigar, Kajihara, Hiroshi & Fujita, Toshihiko 2017
2017
Loc

Apostichopus japonicus

Kuramochi 2010: 49
2010
Loc

Stichopus (Apostichopus) japonicus

Kanno 2006: 672
2006
Loc

Stichopus roseus

Augustin 1908: 13
1908
Loc

Stichopus japonicus typicus Théel, 1886 : 196

Theel 1886: 196
1886
Loc

Stichopus japonicus

Levin 1983: 1
Choe 1961: 97
Clark 1922: 61
Ohshima 1915: 247
Mitsukuri 1912: 163
Augustin 1908: 6
Mitsukuri 1896: 408
Theel 1886: 160
Marenzeller 1882: 136
Semper 1868: 74
Selenka 1867: 318
1867
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