Dilar tibetanus Yan

Zhang, Wei, Liu, Xingyue, Aspöck, Horst & Aspöck, Ulrike, 2014, Revision of Chinese Dilaridae (Insecta: Neuroptera) (Part II): Species of the genus Dilar Rambur from Tibet, Zootaxa 3878 (6), pp. 551-562 : 558-559

Dilar tibetanus Yan g

( Figs. 3 , 12–15 )

Dilar tibetanus Yang, 1987: 197 . Type locality: China (Xizang).

Dilar pumilus Yang, 1988: 197 . Type locality: China (Xizang).

Dilar pusillus Yang, 1992: 379 . Type locality: China (Xizang). syn. nov.

Diagnosis. This species is characterized by the forewings with many dark stripes mostly connected with each other, and by the male complexes of the gonocoxites 9, 10, and 11 with suboblong ninth gonocoxites and with medially inflated tenth gonocoxites which is spindled anteriorly and posteriorly.

Description. Male. Body length 2.8–4.5 mm; forewing length 5.0–8.0 mm, hindwing length 4.2–7.0 mm.

Head dark brown, with pale yellow setose tubercles. Compound eyes blackish brown. Antenna with ca. 25 segments, yellowish brown, pedicel with brown annular stripes, flagellum unipectinate on most flagellomeres, medial branches much longer than those on both ends, longest branch nearly 4.0 times as long as relevant flagellomere, but branch of 1st flagellomere short and dentate, distal eight flagellomeres simple.

Prothorax pale yellowish brown, pronotum brown, with anterior margin and posterolateral corners yellow, medially with a pair of ovoid markings; mesothorax pale yellowish brown, mesonotum dark brown on anterior and lateral margins; metanotum pale yellowish brown, slight darker on lateral margins. Legs yellowish brown, femora blackish brown at tip. Wings yellowish brown. Forewing ~2.1 times as long as wide, with numerous dark brown stripes, proximal stripes slightly darker, most markings on distal half connected with each other, generally arranging as transversely arcuate stripes, a broad brown spot present around median nygma; three nygmata present on proximal and median portion of forewing ( Fig. 3 ). Hindwing ~2.0 times as long as wide, pale brown; one nygma present at middle. Veins pale brown. Forewing with trichosors present along wing margin between R and CuP; costal crossveins simple, but occasionally forked; Sc just touching R in pterostigmatic region, terminally leaving several weak veinlets; Rs with three main branches; MA fused with R at wing base, proximally with no crossvein connecting to MP; MP with two main branches; two gradate crossveins present at middle, inconspicuous due to pale coloration. Hindwing with trichosors present along wing margin between R and CuA; Rs with four main branches.

Abdomen yellowish brown, pregenital segments dorsally dark brown. Ninth tergite in dorsal view with an arcuate anterior incision, a nearly U-shaped posterior incision and an elongate dorsoprocessus, leaving a pair of broad hemitergites, which are obtuse distally and densely haired ( Fig. 12 ); in lateral view broad, with straight ventral margin and arcuate posterior margin ( Fig. 14 ). Ninth sternite much shorter than ninth tergite, arcuately convex posteriad in ventral view ( Fig. 13 ). Ectoproct in dorsal view with a deeply arcuate anterior incision, posterodorsally with a pair of ventrally curved unguiform projections, posteroventrally with a pair of nearly ovoid flattened projections, a pair of bifid unguiform projections and a feebly sclerotized, digitiform projection ( Fig. 12 ). Ninth gonocoxites inflated, suboblong in dorsal view with blunt tip; tenth gonocoxites spindled anteriorly and posteriorly, with median portion inflated ( Fig. 12 ); eleventh gonocoxites (= gonarcus) slenderly beam-shaped in dorsal view, laterally connecting to bases of ninth gonocoxites. Hypandrium internum nearly trapezoidal, with lateral margins slightly arcuate ( Fig. 13 ).

Female. Unknown.

Materials examined. Holotype ♂, CHINA: Tibet, Yigong [30°16′N, 94°49′E], 2300 m, 15.VI.1978, Fasheng Li ( CAU). Paratypes 3♂, same data as holotype ( CAU); 1♂, CHINA: Tibet, Yigong [30°16′N, 94°49′E], 2300 m, 26.VIII.1983, Yinheng Han ( CAU); 2♂, CHINA: Tibet, Zhamu [29°20′N, 91°49′E], 2700 m, 6.VI.1978, Fasheng Li ( CAU); 1♂, CHINA: Tibet, Bomi [29°51′N, 95°46′E], 3050 m, 13.VII.1978, Fasheng Li ( CAU). 2♂, CHINA: Tibet, Bomi, Mt. galonglashan [29°51′N, 95°46′E], 3026 m, 13.VII.2013, Xiaoyan Liu ( CAU); 1♂, CHINA: Tibet, Linzhi [30°01′N, 95°58′E], 2030 m, 12.VI.2009, Meicai Wei ( CAU).

Distribution. China (Tibet).

Remarks. This species can be distinguished from the other Dilar species from Tibet by the dark wings with many dark stripes on the forewings and by the male complexes of the gonocoxites 9, 10 and 11 with tenth gonocoxites spindled anteriorly and posteriorly, with median portion inflated.

Dilar pusillus Yang was originally described based on a several specimens from Tibet, and considered to be distinguished from D. tibetanus by the small body-size, the different marking pattern on head ( Yang 1988). However, after examining the holotype of D. pusillus , we found the male genitalia of D. pusillus are also of the same shape as D. tibetanus . Therefore, we treat D. pusillus as a junior synonym of D. tibetanus .

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 3. Adults of Dilar spp. 1. D. geometroides Aspöck & Aspöck, male from Tibet; 2. D. harmandi (Navás), male from Tibet; 3. D. tibetanus Yang, male holotype. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 12 – 15. Dilar tibetanus Yang. 12. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 13. Male genitalia, ventral view; 14. Male genitalia, lateral view; 15. Male ectoproct, caudal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.