identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E287812423505464C5FD3EAFE7F9A2.text	03E287812423505464C5FD3EAFE7F9A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Androthrips Karny	<div><p>Androthrips Karny</p><p>Androthrips Karny, 1911: 560 . Type-species: Mesothrips melastomae Zimmermann.</p><p>Previously, 12 species have been known in the genus Androthrips mainly from the Oriental region, but one species, A. obscuratus, was described from Cameroon (ThripsWiki 2025, Wang et al. 2025). Most species are well known as the invaders of leaf galls induced by several genera and species classified into the Liothrips -lineage, such as Gigantothrips, Gynaikothrips and Liothrips . It is possibly a monophyletic assemblage, and it is characterized by the foreleg armatures. The fore femur is usually armed with a sub-basal inner tubercle or hump and the fore tibia is usually armed with a sub-apical inner flat scale. However, classification of Androthrips is highly confused at the species level (Mound &amp; Minaei 2007; Dang et al. 2014). Especially, six or seven Oriental species that have yellow tibiae are very similar to each other and cannot be distinguished based on the descriptions, because almost all original descriptions are not detailed enough for determining the species. There are many specimens of Androthrips species that have yellow tibiae taken from Southeast Asia in the TUA collection, most of which were collected from leaf galls or leaves in association with certain phytophagous phlaeothripine species. They possibly involve several species but have not been determined to species level so far. In addition to those specimens, there are more than 100 specimens collected from bamboos or grasses in Southeast Asia in the collection, and these may comprise seven or eight species. Five of these are distinguished as new species in this study. A. dambriae sp. nov. and A. fuscipes sp. nov., have brownish mid and hind tibiae (Figs 25 &amp; 35) and are easily distinguished from the confusing species group with yellow tibiae. Two species, A. bambusicola sp. nov. and A. javae sp. nov., are probably related to A. coimbatorensis from India and have short and V-shaped maxillary stylets (Figs 11 &amp; 45). One remaining species, A. graminicola sp. nov., has the sense cone formula peculiar and a bicolored body (Fig. 9).</p><p>Androthrips is included in the tribe Haplothripini and is presumably closely related to Karnyothrips, Mesandrothrips and Xylaplothrips . Okajima and Masumoto (2025a, 2025b) have pointed out that these genera may even be aggregated into a single genus. They share the prothoracic anteromarginal setae reduced to small setae, and the fore tarsal tooth arising at apex of inner margin and directed forward. In addition, Androthrips species can be divided into at least two species groups, melastomae -group and coimbatorensis -group. The melastomae - group contains at least 11 species, A. crus, A. dambriae sp. nov., A. flavipes, A. flavitibia, A. fuscipes sp. nov., A. graminicola sp. nov., A. kurosawai, A. melastomae, A. monsterae, A. ochraceus and A. ramachandrai . All these have the following character states: maxillary stylets long and rather close together at least in females (cf. Fig. 20), reaching at least postocular setae; mesopresternum reduced medially (cf. Fig. 23); metanotum usually with one or more pairs of small setae before a median pair of setae (cf. Figs 31 &amp; 39). The coimbatrensis -group contains four species, A. bambusicola sp. nov., A. coimbatrensis, A. huanglianensis and A. javae sp. nov., and these share the following character states: maxillary stylets rather short and V-shaped (cf. Fig. 11), not reaching postocular setae; mesopresternum almost complete (cf. Fig. 13), at least not reduced medially; metanotum without small setae before a median pair of setae (cf. Fig. 47). For two species, A. collaris and A. obscuratus, the affiliation is uncertain due to insufficient information.</p><p>It is worth noting that A. graminicola exhibits a somewhat intermediate character state between Androthrips and Karnyothrips, but it is more similar to Androthrips (see under A. graminicola). Conversely, Karnyothrips tenax also exhibits an intermediate character state, but is more like Karnyothrips (Okajima &amp; Masumoto 2025a) . These facts probably confirm the close relation of these two genera.</p><p>Diagnosis. Usually macropterous. Head longer than wide, with a pair of postocular setae.Antennae 8-segmented, segment VIII rather long and weakly constricted at base, sense cone formula of segments III and IV variable, but usually (1+2) and (2+2 +1) respectively, but rarely fewer. Maxillary stylets variable, rather close together and retracted to postocular setae or eyes, often V-shaped and not reaching postocular setae. Prothoracic notopleural suture usually complete, rarely incomplete; anteromarginal setae reduced; mesopresternum variable, almost complete or reduced medially. Metanotum with or without a pair of small setae before median pair of setae; metathoracic sternopleural suture absent; both metafurcal arms usually fused medially (cf. Fig. 253). Fore wings weakly constricted medially, with duplicated cilia. Fore femur with an inner sub-basal tubercle and with several small tubercles before sub-basal tubercle; fore tibia with a sub-apical scale or tubercle; fore tarsal tooth arising at apex of inner margin and directed forwardly.</p><p>Key to bamboo- or grass-inhabiting species of Androthrips</p><p>[*: A. huanglianensis is based on the original description]</p><p>1. Mesopresternum complete, not reduced medially (Figs 13 &amp; 46); metanotum without small setae before a median pair of setae (cf. Fig. 47); maxillary stylets short and V-shaped, not reaching postocular setae in both sexes (cf. Fig. 11) ( coimbatrensis - group).............................................................................................. 2</p><p>-. Mesopresternum reduced medially, divided into two lateral triangle plates (cf. Fig. 29) or narrowly boat-shaped (cf. Fig. 30); metanotum with at least a pair of small setae before a median pair of setae (cf. Figs 31 &amp; 39); maxillary stylets rather close together at least in female, reaching postocular setae or eyes (cf. Fig. 20), but somewhat shorter and wider apart in male (cf. Fig. 21) ( melastomae -group)............................................................................ 5</p><p>2. Pronotal anteroangular and midlateral setae reduced; mid and hind tibiae shaded with brown; fore tibial inner sub-apical scale largely developed........................................................................... coimbatrensis</p><p>-. Pronotal anteroangular setae well-developed, midlateral setae reduced or well-developed; mid and hind tibiae yellow (cf. Figs 6 &amp; 10); fore tibial inner sub-apical scale small (cf. Figs 17 &amp; 49)............................................... 3</p><p>3. Bicolored yellow and brown (Fig. 10), head and thorax yellow; abdominal segments II–VIII bicolored, tinged with brown medially, yellow marginally; tube brown with basal one-fifth yellowish (Fig. 51); all femora yellow; prothoracic midlateral setae well-developed, blunt or very weakly expanded............................................... javae sp. nov.</p><p>-. Body uniformly brown (cf. Fig. 6), at least mid and hind femora brown; prothoracic midlateral setae reduced or well-developed........................................................................................... 4</p><p>4. Pronotal midlateral setae well-developed, long and slightly expanded at apex; fore femora largely brown, with extreme apices yellow................................................................................. huanglianensis *</p><p>-. Pronotal midlateral setae reduced to small setae; fore femora largely yellow, shaded with brown postero-externally (Figs 15 &amp; 16)................................................................................. bambusicola sp. nov.</p><p>5. Antennal segments III and IV each with (1+1) and (1+2) sense cones respectively; body bicolored brownish yellow and brown, head and prothorax brownish yellow, pterothorax and abdomen brown (Fig. 9)..................... graminicola sp. nov.</p><p>-. Antennal segments III and IV each with (1+2) and (2+2) or (2+2 +1) sense cones respectively; body uniformly brown (Figs 7 &amp; 8).................................................................................................. 6</p><p>6. Antennal segment IV with a small outer sense cone in addition to four major sense cones, (2+2 +1); posterior ocelli well-developed (Figs 20 &amp; 21), 17–20µm in diameter in female; tergite IX S1 setae almost as long as tube, or a little shorter.......................................................................................... dambriae sp. nov.</p><p>-. Antennal segment IV without small outer sense cone in addition to four major sense cones, (2+2); posterior ocelli rather small (Fig. 28), 13–15µm in diameter in female; tergite IX S1 setae longer than tube......................... fuscipes sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812423505464C5FD3EAFE7F9A2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781242C505764C5F935A89FFDC4.text	03E28781242C505764C5F935A89FFDC4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Androthrips bambusicola Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Androthrips bambusicola sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 6, 11–19)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.5–2.0mm. Body brown to dark brown (Fig. 6), tube the darkest. Fore femora largely yellow, shaded with brown postero-externally, but sometimes more brown or largely yellow, mid and hind femora brown; tibiae and tarsi yellow. Antennal segments I– II and VII – VIII pale brown; segments III – VI largely yellow, segment VI scarcely shaded distally. Fore wings and major body setae pale. Head longer than wide (Fig. 11), 1.35–1.40 times as long as wide, 1.37 times in holotype; dorsal surface almost smooth, sculptured laterally, but with a few transverse fine wrinkles or striae at middle. Cheeks weakly rounded, serrated. Postocular setae shorter than eyes, weakly expanded, 110µm apart from each other, 17–18µm apart from eyes in holotype. Eyes largely developed, 0.36–0.38 times as long as head, ommatidia scarcely spaced. Ocelli normal, posterior pair in contact with eyes, 30µm apart from each other in holotype. Antennae (Fig. 19) about 1.7 times as long as head; segment VIII very weakly constricted at base, about 0.9 times as long as segment VII; segments III a little longer than IV; segments III and IV each with (1+2) and (2+2 +1) sense cones respectively, these sense cones are pale and slender, often very difficult to observe. Maxillary stylets rather short and wider apart, not reaching postocular setae, almost V-shaped; maxillary bridge wide, slightly wider than half of head width, placed just before basal collar of head, 7–10µm apart from basal collar of head at middle in holotype. Pronotum (Fig. 11) 0.69 times as long as head, 1.46 times as wide as long in holotype, almost smooth; only three pairs of major prothoracic setae weakly expanded; ml reduced to small setae, but often somewhat longer; pa and epim well developed, pa almost as long as postocular setae, or longer, epim longer than pa. Prosternal basantra and ferna well-developed (Fig. 13). Prospinasternum well-developed, widely fan-shaped, 35µm wide in holotype. Mesopresternum transverse, nearly complete. Mesonotal lateral setae not reduced. Metanotum sculptured with polygonal reticulation, with no small setae before median pair of setae; median pair of setae short and acute, 25µm apart from each other, 52–55µm apart from anterior margin of metanotum in holotype. Fore femora typical of the genus (Figs 15 &amp; 16), with an inner sub-basal tubercle and an irregular row of several minute tubercles; fore tibial inner apical scale small (Fig. 17). Fore wing with 2–7 duplicated cilia, with 6 cilia in holotype; sub-basal setae S1 and S2 expanded or weakly expanded, S2 longer than S1, S3 much longer than S2, blunt or very weakly expanded. Pelta (Fig. 14) trapezoid or hat-shaped, usually with indistinct lateral wings, 1.05 times as wide as long in holotype. Tergites I – VIII S1 setae weakly expanded. Tergites III – VIII S2 setae: III – VI weakly expanded or blunt, VII pointed, VIII expanded. Tergite IX S1 setae blunt, shorter than tube, S2 finely pointed, longer than tube; intermediate setae about half of S1. Tube (Fig. 18) about 0.6 times as long as head, 0.62 times in holotype, 2.0–2.2 times as long as wide; terminal setae about 1.5 times as long as tube, or a little longer .</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length 1950 (distended). Head length 210, from anterior margin of eyes 193, width across eyes 152, maximum width across cheeks 153, minimum width across base 127; eyes length 79; diameter of posterior ocelli 16–17; postocular setae 50–55. Maxillary bridge width 81. Antenna total length 355, segments III–VIII length (width) as follows: 52 (28), 49 (31), 45 (26), 42 (22), 35 (18), 32 (11). Pronotum length 145, width 212. Setae on prothorax: aa 32, ml minute, pa 58–60, epim 70–73. Fore wing length 800. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 40 –41, S2 48 –50, S3 78–86. Pelta length 78, width 82. Tergite IX setae: S1 101–107, S2 140–144. Tube length 130, maximum width 60; terminal setae 190–200.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.4–1.8mm. Very similar to macropterous female in color and structure. Head (Fig. 12) 1.2–1.3 times as long as wide; maxillary bridge wider, 0.55–0.60 times as wide as head; fore wing with 4–6 duplicated cilia; tergite IX S1 setae longer than 0.4 times as long as S2; tube 0.64–0.66 times as long as head; terminal tube setae 1.3–1.4 times as long as tube.</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in µm). Body length 1520 (distended). Head length 167, from anterior margin of eyes 155, width across eyes 136, maximum width across cheeks 135, minimum width across base 110; eyes length 72; diameter of posterior ocelli 12–15; postocular setae about 40. Maxillary bridge width 77. Antenna total length 290, segments III–VIII length as follows: 40, 39, 37, 37, 32, 29. Pronotum length 114, width 172. Setae on prothorax: aa 18, ml less than 10, pa 52–55, epim 52–52. Fore wing length 620. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 36 –38, S2 40 –43, S3 65–67. Pelta length 70, width 74. Tergite IX setae: S1 75–80, S2 35 –38. Tube length 110, maximum width 25; terminal setae 145–150.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Thailand, nr. Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep, on bamboo, 1.ix.1991, TN &amp; SO . Paratypes: Thailand, 15 females and 1 male, collected together with holotype; 1 male, nr. Chiang Mai, Mae-sa, on bamboo, 3.ix.1991, TN &amp; SO ; 1 female, nr. Chiang Mai, Hong Kai, 4.ix.1991, TN &amp; SO ; 4 females, nr. Chiang Mai, Phrow, on bamboo, 22.viii.1992, TN &amp; SO ; 3 females, nr. Chiang Mai, Ka Jan, on bamboo, 3.ix.1992, TN &amp; SO ; 3 females, Chiang Mai Prov., Mae Sa Nam, on bamboo, 20.iii.1999, P. Jangvitaya ; 14 females and 11 males, Phuket Is., Phuket Hill, on bamboo, 22.viii.1991, TN &amp; SO ; 2 females and 2 males, data very similar to above, but 9.ix.1992; 2 females and 1 male, Phuket Is., nr. Rawai Beach, on bamboo, 15.ix.1992, TN &amp; SO .</p><p>Non-paratypic specimens. Thailand, 1 female and 1 male, Bangkok, Bangkhen, Campus of Kasetsart University, NBCRC, on bamboo, 22.viii.1990, TN &amp; SO ; 3 females, nr. Kanchanabri, on bamboo, 30.viii.1991, TN &amp; SO . Vietnam, 8 females and 1 male, Son La Province, Moc Chau, on bamboo, 5.iii.2000, SO ; 1 female and 1 male, Hoa Binh Province, Hoa Binh, on bamboo, 6.iii.2000, SO; 1 female, Hatay Province, Mt. Bavi, on bamboo, 29.vii.2000, SO ; 4 females and 1 male, Bac Can Province, Ba Be National Park, on bamboo, 2.viii.2000; SO . Indonesia, Java, 1 female, Malang, Batu, Pujon, on bamboo, 22.viii.2005, SO ; 1 female, Malang, Sundeng, Sawo Sajar, 24.viii.2005, SO ; 1 female, Banyuwangi, Malan Sari, on bamboo, 27.viii.2005, SO .</p><p>Comments. This species is described from Thailand based on a good number of specimens collected from bamboo, and included in the coimbatorensis -group. It is related to A. coimbatorensis that is also taken from bamboo in India, and these two species share the maxillary stylets short and V-shaped even in female and the prothoracic midlateral setae reduced. However, from coimbatorensis, bambusicola can be distinguished by the following features: mid and hind tibiae yellow; antennal segments IV–VI largely yellow; prothoracic anteroangular setae developed, expanded; fore tibial inner sub-apical scale small; tergite IX S2 setae longer than tube. A. huanglianensis from Yunnan, China, is also similar to this species, but it has the pronotal midlateral setae well-developed and the fore femora largely brown. Several females and males listed under the non-paratypic specimens may represent this species, but have some differences in the length of setae, such as prothoracic anteroangular setae, sub-basal wing setae and S1 and S2 setae on the abdominal tergite IX. In particular, three females from ‘nr. Kanchanabri’, Thailand, have the prothoracic notopleural sutures incomplete.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781242C505764C5F935A89FFDC4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781242F505064C5FDADA8BCF837.text	03E28781242F505064C5FDADA8BCF837.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Androthrips dambriae Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Androthrips dambriae sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 7, 20–27)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.95–2.20mm. Body brown (Fig. 7). Femora brown, extreme apices of fore femora yellow; fore tibiae yellow, mid and hind tibiae brown (cf. Fig. 25), with extreme bases and apices slightly paler; tarsi yellow. Antennal segments I– II and VII – VIII brown, somewhat paler than thorax, segments III – VI yellow, often segment VI scarcely shaded distally. Fore wings and major body setae pale. Head much longer than wide (Fig. 20), 1.43 times as long as wide in holotype; dorsal surface almost smooth, sculptured laterally. Cheeks sub-parallel, very weakly rounded, weakly serrated. Postocular setae shorter than eyes, weakly expanded, 111µm apart from each other, 17µm apart from eyes in holotype. Eyes a little longer than one-third of head length, 0.35 times as long as head in holotype. Ocelli well-developed; posterior pair slightly separated from eyes, 29µm apart from each other in holotype. Antennae (Fig. 26) about 1.7 times as long as head; segment VIII rather slender, very weakly constricted at base, a little shorter than 0.8 times as long as segment VII; segments III and IV subequal in length; segments III and IV each with (1+2) and (2+2 +1) sense cones respectively, these sense cones are short and slender, very difficult to observe. Maxillary stylets reaching eyes, rather close together at middle, about one-third of head width apart; maxillary bridge rather weak, situated at 32µm from basal collar of head in holotype. Pronotum (Fig. 20) 0.58 times as long as head, 1.74 times as wide as long in holotype, almost smooth; four pairs of major prothoracic setae well-developed, expanded; aa and ml subequal in length; pa almost as long as postocular setae; epim the longest. Prosternal basantra and ferna well-developed (Fig. 23). Prospinasternum about 30µm wide in holotype. Mesopresternum narrowly boat-shaped. Mesonotal lateral setae well-developed, weakly expanded, about 30µm long in holotype. Metanotum sculptured with polygonal reticulation, with a pair of small setae before median pair of setae; median pair of setae 28–31µm in length, 53µm apart from each other, about 52–58µm apart from anterior margin of metanotum in holotype. Fore femora (Fig. 22) typical of the genus, but not so enlarged, with a few small tubercles at inner margin before sub-basal tubercle; fore tibial inner apical scale slender. Fore wing with 6–7 duplicated cilia, with 6 cilia in holotype; sub-basal setae S1 and S2 expanded, S2 longer than S1, S3 much longer than S2, weakly expanded. Pelta trapezoid (Fig. 24), 1.23 times as wide as long in holotype. Tergites I – VIII S1 setae very weakly expanded, but often blunt. Tergites III – VIII S2 setae: III – V short and blunt or very weakly expanded, VI – VIII pointed or nearly pointed. Tergite IX S1 and S2 setae pointed, S1 almost as long as tube, or a little shorter; S2 a little longer than tube; intermediate setae shorter than half of S1. Tube (Fig. 27) shorter than 0.6 times as long as head, 0.55 times in holotype, about 1.8 times as long as wide; terminal setae about 1.4 times as long as tube .</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length about 2200 (distended). Head length 223, from anterior margin of eyes 205, width across eyes 154, maximum width across cheeks 156, minimum width across base 133; eyes length 79; diameter of posterior ocelli 17–20; postocular setae 63–64. Maxillary bridge width 53. Antenna total length 385, segments III–VIII length (width) as follows: 54 (31), 58 (32), 51 (26), 46 (22), 42 (20), 32 (12). Pronotum length 130, width 226. Setae on prothorax: aa 46–47, ml about 50, pa 63–64, epim 75. Fore wing length 850. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 45 –46, S2 56 –58, S3 95. Pelta length 91, width 112. Tergite IX setae: S1 119–120, S2 124–137. Tube length 122, maximum width 68; terminal setae 170.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length: about 1.5mm. Very similar to macropterous female in color and structure. Head shorter (Fig. 21), shorter than 1.2 times as long as wide; maxillary stylets relatively wider apart, almost V-shaped; maxillary bridge a little narrower than half of head width; fore wing with 5–6 duplicated cilia; tergite IX S2 setae 0.28–0.33 times as long as S1; tube about 0.6 times as long as head.</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in µm). Body length 1540 (distended). Head length 155, from anterior margin of eyes 143, width across eyes 135, maximum width across cheeks 138, minimum width across base 113; eyes length 57; diameter of posterior ocelli 12–14; postocular setae about 40. Maxillary bridge width 63. Antenna total length 310, segments III–VIII length as follows: 44, 43, 40, 37, 33, 30. Pronotum length 101, width 178. Setae on prothorax: aa 30, ml 30, pa 45–48, epim 52–54. Fore wing length 660. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 35, S2 42 –44, S3 66–68. Pelta length 66, width 82. Tergite IX setae: S1 90–93, S2 26 –30. Tube length 95, maximum width 53; terminal setae 143–148.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Vietnam, Lam Dong province, Bao Loc, Dam Bri, on bamboo, 26.xii.2001, SO . Paratypes: Vietnam, 2 females and 2 males, collected together with holotype .</p><p>Comments. This species is described from Vietnam based on three females and two males collected from bamboo, and was obtained together with Vietothrips bicolor gen. et sp. nov. described below. It is somewhat similar to A. fuscipes sp. nov. from Sulawesi, Indonesia, in having brownish mid and hind tibiae, but can be distinguished by the following features: ocelli well-developed; maxillary stylets reaching eyes; antennal segment IV with a small outer sense cone in addition to four major sense cones, (2+2 +1); tergite IX S1 and S2 setae shorter. A. crus from Taiwan and A. ramachandrai from somewhat wider range of Asia are also somewhat similar to this species, but have antennal segments IV to VI with apices brownish.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781242F505064C5FDADA8BCF837	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812429505264C5FF65AAA6F967.text	03E287812429505264C5FF65AAA6F967.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Androthrips fuscipes Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Androthrips fuscipes sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 8, 28–36)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 2.0– 2.3mm. Body brown to dark brown (Fig. 8). Femora brown, fore femora with apices slightly paler; fore tibiae yellow, mid and hind tibiae pale brown (cf. Fig. 35), at least not clear yellow, with paler apices; tarsi yellow. Antennal segments I– II brown, but somewhat paler than head, segment II slightly paler antero-externally; segments III – V yellow; segment VI shaded with brown at anterior half, yellowish at basal half; segments VII – VIII brown. Fore wings very slightly shaded. Major body setae pale. Head much longer than wide (Fig. 28), 1.37 times as long as wide in holotype; dorsal surface almost smooth, sculptured laterally, but with a few transverse fine wrinkles at middle. Cheeks sub-parallel, very weakly rounded, weakly serrated. Postocular setae shorter than eyes, weakly expanded, 120µm apart from each other, about 15µm apart from eyes in holotype. Eyes about one-third as long as head, or a little longer, 0.35 times as long as head in holotype. Ocelli relatively small; posterior pair slightly separated from eyes, about 30µm apart from each other in holotype. Antennae (Fig. 36) about 1.7 times as long as head; segment VIII very weakly constricted at base, a little longer than 0.8 times as long as segment VII; segment III a little shorter than segment IV; segments III and IV each with (1+2) and (2+2) sense cones respectively, these sense cones are short and slender, very difficult to observe. Maxillary stylets retracted to postocular setae, rather close together at middle, a little wider than one-third of head width; maxillary bridge rather distinct, situated at about 40µm from basal collar of head. Pronotum 0.62 times as long as head, 1.57 times as wide as long in holotype, almost smooth; four pairs of major prothoracic setae well-developed, expanded; pa almost as long as postocular setae, or a little longer; epim the longest. Prosternal basantra and ferna well-developed (Fig. 29). Prospinasternum usually longer than wide, 25µm wide in holotype. Mesopresternum narrowly boat-shaped (Fig. 30) or divided (Fig. 29). Mesonotal lateral setae well-developed, weakly expanded, 30µm long in holotype. Metanotum sculptured with polygonal reticulation (Fig. 31), with a pair of small setae before median pair of setae; median pair of setae relatively stout, pointed, 36–37µm in length, 39µm apart from each other, about 70µm apart from anterior margin of metanotum in holotype. Fore femora typical of the genus (Fig. 34), but not so enlarged, with a few small tubercles at inner margin before sub-basal tubercle; fore tibial inner apical scale slender (Fig. 33). Fore wing with 6–8 duplicated cilia, with 6–7 in holotype; sub-basal setae S1 and S2 expanded, S2 longer than S1, S3 much longer than S2, pointed or bluntly pointed. Pelta trapezoid or nearly triangular (Fig. 32), 1.16 times as wide as long in holotype. Tergites II – VIII S1 setae very weakly expanded. Tergites III – VIII S2 setae: III – V short and blunt or very weakly expanded, VI – VIII pointed or nearly pointed. Tergite IX S1 and S2 setae pointed, longer than tube, S2 longer than S1; intermediate setae short, shorter than one-third of S1. Tube shorter than 0.6 times as long as head, 0.56 times in holotype, about 1.9 times as long as wide; terminal setae about 1.5 times as long as tube, or a little longer .</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length about 2200 (distended). Head length 228, from anterior margin of eyes 210, width across eyes 164, maximum width across cheeks 167, minimum width across base 143; eyes length 79; diameter of posterior ocelli 13–15; postocular setae 60–65. Maxillary bridge width 65. Antenna total length about 380, segments III–VIII length (width) as follows: 57 (30), 59 (32), 49 (28), 45 (26), 40 (22), 33 (13). Pronotum length 142, width 223. Setae on prothorax: aa 55, ml 50, pa 67–68, epim 70–80. Fore wing length about 900. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 50 –52, S2 67–70, S3 110–112. Pelta length 93, width 108. Tergite IX setae: S1 136, S2 158–160. Tube length 128, maximum width 69; terminal setae?.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.65–1.90mm. Very similar to macropterous female in color and structure. Head 1.30–1.35 times as long as wide; maxillary bridge somewhat wider, 0.43–0.46 times as wide as head; fore wing with 5–7 duplicated cilia; tergite IX S2 setae shorter than one-fourth of S1; tube longer than 0.6 times as long as head.</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in µm). Body length about 1800 (distended). Head length 197, from anterior margin of eyes 182, width across eyes 146, maximum width across cheeks 148, minimum width across base 129; eyes length 73; diameter of posterior ocelli 12–14; postocular setae 57–60. Maxillary bridge width 66. Antenna total length 370, segments III–VIII length as follows: 54, 57, 45, 44, 40, 32. Pronotum length 118, width 210. Setae on prothorax: aa 45–47, ml about 50, pa 53–58, epim 66–68. Fore wing length 760. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 45 –46, S2 57 –58, S3 87. Pelta length 78, width 84. Tergite IX setae: S1 113–115, S2 23 –25. Tube length 127, maximum width 53; terminal setae 163.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Indonesia, Sulawesi, 11km E from Malino, Kanreapia, alt. about 1500m, on grass, 2.viii.1984, SO . Paratypes: Indonesia, Sulawesi, 4 females and 6 males, collected together with holotype .</p><p>Comments. This species is described from Sulawesi, Indonesia, based on five females and six males taken from grasses, and has the mid and hind tibiae brown. Amongst previously described 12 species of the genus, only two species, A. crus and A. ramachandrai, have the mid and hind tibiae brown, at least not yellow, and the other ten species have the tibiae clear yellow. Although crus and ramachandrai have antennal segment IV with one outer small sense cone in addition to the four major sense cones, (2+2 +1), fuscipes has only four major sense cones, (2+2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812429505264C5FF65AAA6F967	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781242A504D64C5F8F9AB9EFEC0.text	03E28781242A504D64C5F8F9AB9EFEC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Androthrips graminicola Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Androthrips graminicola sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 9, 37–44, 253)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.8–2.4mm. Body bicolored (Fig. 9). Head brownish yellow, paler than abdomen, paler at anterior one-third; pterothorax and abdomen including tube brown, extreme base of tube yellowish; prothorax and legs yellow. Antennal segments I and II pale brown, segments VII and VIII brown; segments III – V largely yellow, but segments IV and V slightly shaded at anterior half, segment VI brown at distal half, yellowish at basal half. Fore wings and major body setae pale. Head much longer than wide (Fig. 37), 1.40– 1.55 times as long as wide, 1.49 times in holotype; dorsal surface almost smooth, sculptured laterally, but with a few transverse fine wrinkles at middle. Cheeks sub-parallel, very weakly rounded, serrated. Postocular setae shorter than eyes, weakly expanded, 108µm apart from each other, about 15µm apart from eyes in holotype. Eyes about one-third as long as head. Ocelli normal, posterior pair 25µm apart from each other in holotype. Antennae (Fig. 44) about 1.8 times as long as head; segment VIII rather slender, very weakly constricted at base, about 0.8 times as long as segment VII; segments III and IV subequal in length, each with (1+1) and (1+2) sense cones respectively, these sense cones are pale and slender, very difficult to observe. Maxillary stylets retracted to postocular setae, rather close together at middle; maxillary bridge rather distinct, situated far from basal collar of head, much narrower than half of head width. Pronotum (Fig. 37) 0.59 times as long as head, 1.57 times as wide as long in holotype, almost smooth; four pairs of major prothoracic setae weakly expanded; aa and ml subequal in length, much shorter than pa; pa almost as long as postocular setae; epim the longest. Prosternal basantra and ferna well-developed (Fig. 38). Prospinasternum circular or irregularly fan-shaped, 26µm wide in holotype. Mesopresternum narrowly boat-shaped or scarcely divided. Mesonotal lateral setae well-developed, expanded. Metanotum sculptured with polygonal reticulation (Fig. 39), with a pair of small setae before median pair of setae; median pair of setae short and acute, 36µm apart from each other, 57–65µm apart from anterior margin of metanotum in holotype. Fore femora not so enlarged (Fig. 42), sub-basal inner tubercle rather small (Fig. 43), often reduced to small hump in small individuals; fore tibial inner apical scale small (Fig. 41), but it is not visible depending on the angle of the specimen. Fore wing with 3–8 duplicated cilia, with 5–6 in holotype; sub-basal setae S1 and S2 expanded or weakly expanded, S2 longer than S1, S3 much longer than S2, blunt or very weakly expanded, rarely bluntly pointed. Pelta trapezoid (Fig. 40), 1.13 times as wide as long in holotype. Tergites II – VIII S1 setae very weakly expanded, but those on VII often blunt or bluntly pointed. Tergites III – VIII S2 setae: III – V short and blunt, VI – VIII pointed or nearly pointed, but those on VII often blunt or very weakly expanded. Tergite IX S1 and S2 setae subequal in length, finely pointed, longer than tube; intermediate setae short, about one-fourth of S1. Tube about 0.6 times as long as head, about 2.0 times as long as wide; terminal setae about 1.2 times as long as tube, or a little longer .</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length 1940 (distended). Head length 217, from anterior margin of eyes 196, width across eyes 143, maximum width across cheeks 146, minimum width across base 125; eyes length 73; diameter of posterior ocelli 13–15; postocular setae 54. Maxillary bridge width 62. Antenna total length 387, segments III–VIII length (width) as follows: 54 (29), 57 (30), 52 (27), 45 (23), 43 (20), 36 (13). Pronotum length 127, width 200. Setae on prothorax: aa about 30, ml 35, pa about 50, epim 70–75. Fore wing length 700. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 33 –35, S2 42, S3 78–80. Pelta length 85, width 98. Tergite IX setae: S1 168, S2 165–167. Tube length 126, maximum width 117; terminal setae 160.</p><p>Measurements (paratype large female from Thailand in µm). Body length 2430 (distended). Head length 230, from anterior margin of eyes 208, width across eyes 145, maximum width across cheeks 150, minimum width across base 132; eyes length 75; diameter of posterior ocelli 15–17; postocular setae 58–62. Maxillary bridge width 52. Antenna total length 415, segments III–VIII length as follows: 60, 60, 55, 50, 45, 37. Pronotum length 148, width 226. Setae on prothorax: aa about 40, ml 35–38, pa 55–60, epim 75. Fore wing length 850. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 40 –43, S2 55 –57, S3 95–100. Pelta length 97, width 110. Tergite IX setae: S1 165–172, S2 165–172. Tube length 138, maximum width 66; terminal setae 165–170.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.5–1.8mm. Very similar to macropterous female in color and structure. Head 1.35–1.45 times as long as wide; maxillary stylets somewhat wider apart; tergite IX S2 setae shorter than one-fourth of S1; tube a little shorter than 0.6 times as long as head.</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in µm). Body length 1770 (distended). Head length 192, from anterior margin of eyes 172, width across eyes 133, maximum width across cheeks 135, minimum width across base 115; eyes length 68; diameter of posterior ocelli 12–13; postocular setae 40–45. Maxillary bridge width 65. Antenna total length 345, segments III–VIII length as follows: 50, 50, 47, 41, 40, 32. Pronotum length 115, width 183. Setae on prothorax: aa 25, ml 25, pa 35, epim 55. Fore wing length 680. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 32 –33, S2 35, S3 70–72. Pelta length 75, width 80. Tergite IX setae: S1 130–140, S2 27 –28. Tube length 108, maximum width 56; terminal setae 135–138.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: macropterous female. Japan, the Ryukyus, Okinawa-hontou Is., Tomigusuku-shi, Tomigusuku-joshi park, on Poaceae, 2.v.2015, K. Minoura . Paratypes: Japan, the Ryukyus, same locality and habitat as in holotype, 6 females, 12.vi.2002, M. Masumoto, 2 females, 21.ii.2015, 2 females and 1 male, 28.ii.2015, K. Minoura; 1 male, Ishigaki-jima Is., Mt. Banna-dake, on grass, 1.ix.1988 , SO; 1 male, Ishigaki-jima Is., Mt. Omotodake, on grass, 2.ix.1988 , SO. Taiwan, 1 female and 1 male, Pingtung Hsien, Kenting Nat. Park, on grass, 22.v.1972 , SO; same locality and habitat as above, 1 female and 1 male, 18.iii.1984, 2 females and 2 males, 19.iii.1984, SO; Chiai Hsien, Kuantzulin, 1 female, on grass, 1 female, on dead leaves, 1.iv.1993, and branches, TN &amp; SO; 1 female, Lan-Yu, 4–6.vi.1980, H. Makihara. Thailand, Chiang Mai, paddy field, 3 females, 4.v.1978, 1 female and 4 males, 24.vi.1979, K. Yasumatsu; Kamphaeng Saen Campus of Kastsart University, on grass , 2 females, 29.xii.1987, 1 female, 12.i.1988, SO; 1 female and 2 males, Sarabri, Farm of Kasetsart University, on grass, 20.viii.1991 , TN &amp; SO; 1 female and 2 males, nr. Chiang Mai, Doi Pui, on grass, 1.ix.1992 , SO. Vietnam, 1 male, Ha Noi, Farm of Ha Noi Agricultural University, 29.vii.2000 , SO; 1 male, Lam Dong Province, Bao Loc, Dam Bri, on bamboo, 27.xii.2001 , SO; 1 male, same locality as above, on grass, 22.viii.2007, SO. Borneo, 1 female, Sabah, Jl. Kimanis, 15km from Kimanis, on dead leaves and branches, 9.ix.1990 , TN &amp; SO.</p><p>Comments. This species is described from a somewhat wider range of eastern Asia based on a good number of females and males collected from grasses, and may be included in the melastomae -group. It is peculiar within the genus in having (1+1) and (1+2) sense cones on antennal segments III and IV respectively, because most congeners have (1+2) and (2+2 +1) or (2+2) sense cones. However, it has the fore femur armed with an inner sub-basal tubercle (Fig. 42) and the fore tibia with an inner sub-apical scale (Fig. 41) in both sexes; these are important characteristics of the genus Androthrips . The interspecific variation in the number of sense cones within the genus is not unique because it is also observed in other genera included in the Haplothripini, such as Karnyothrips, Neandrothrips and Mirothrips (Cavalleri et al. 2016; Okajima &amp; Masumoto 2025a, 2025b). A. graminicola is apparently very similar to Karnyothrips species especially in small individuals, because the fore femoral sub-basal tubercle and the fore tibial sub-apical scale are scarcely developed. However, unlike Karnyothrips, the metanotum has a pair of anterior small setae in addition to median pair of setae (Fig. 39) and the prosternal basantra are more closely located to the ferna (Fig. 38) in this species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781242A504D64C5F8F9AB9EFEC0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812435504D64C5FE9CAA99FDA2.text	03E287812435504D64C5FE9CAA99FDA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Androthrips huanglianensis Wang, Duan, Li & Zhang	<div><p>Androthrips huanglianensis Wang, Duan, Li &amp; Zhang</p><p>Androthrips huanglianensis Wang, Duan, Li &amp; Zhang, 2025: 140 .</p><p>This species was described from Yunnan, China, based on two females and two males taken from aerial roots of bamboo, but unfortunately these were not available for this study. It belongs to the coimbatrensis -group and is somewhat similar to A. coimbatrensis and A. bambusicola . These three species are easily distinguished by the key above.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812435504D64C5FE9CAA99FDA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812435504F64C5FD23A94AFE54.text	03E287812435504F64C5FD23A94AFE54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Androthrips javae Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Androthrips javae sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 10, 45–52)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 2.05–2.45mm. Body bicolored (Fig 10). Head, thorax, abdominal segment I and legs yellow, often head very weakly shaded with brown; abdominal segments II – VIII bicolored, shaded with brown medially, yellow marginally, brown area darkened and enlarged in posterior segments, segment IX largely yellow, scarcely shaded with brown; tube brown, with basal one-fifth yellow. Antennae largely yellow, segments VII – VIII very slightly shaded. Fore wings and major body setae pale. Head much longer than wide (Fig. 45), 1.43 times as long as wide in holotype; dorsal surface almost smooth, sculptured laterally, but with a few transverse fine wrinkles at middle. Cheeks weakly rounded, weakly serrated. Postocular setae shorter than eyes, blunt or very weakly expanded, 137µm apart from each other, about 20µm apart from eyes in holotype. Eyes well-developed, a little longer than one-third of head length. Ocelli normal, posterior pair in contact with eyes, 38µm apart from each other in holotype. Antennae (Fig. 52) about 1.7 times as long as head; segment VIII rather slender, very weakly constricted at base, more than 0.9 times as long as segment VII; segment III asymmetrical, almost as long as segment IV; segments III and IV each with (1+2) and (2+2 +1) sense cones respectively. Maxillary stylets not reaching postocular setae, rather wider apart, V-shaped; maxillary bridge rather distinct, about 25µm apart from basal collar of head at middle in holotype, about half of head width. Pronotum (Fig. 45) well-developed, 0.83 times as long as head, 1.26 times as wide as long in holotype, almost smooth; four pairs of major prothoracic setae developed; aa and ml blunt or very weakly expanded, ml a little longer than aa; pa and epim weakly expanded, longer than postocular setae. Prosternal basantra and ferna well-developed (Fig. 46). Prospinasternum rather small, longer than wide, 25µm wide in holotype. Mesopresternum almost complete. Mesonotal lateral setae well-developed, weakly expanded. Metanotum distinctly sculptured with polygonal reticulation (Fig. 47), with no small setae before median pair of setae; median pair of setae short and acute, 55µm apart from each other, 75–78µm apart from anterior margin of metanotum in holotype. Fore femora enlarged (Fig. 50), sub-basal inner tubercle distinct, with two rows of small but distinct tubercles at inner margin before sub-basal tubercle; fore tibial inner apical scale distinct (Fig. 49). Fore wing with 5–7 duplicated cilia, with 7 cilia in holotype; sub-basal setae S1 and S2 weakly expanded, S2 longer than S1, S3 much longer than S2, blunt or very weakly expanded. Pelta trapezoid (Fig. 48), 1.24 times as wide as long in holotype. Tergites II – VIII S1 and S2 setae weakly expanded, but S2 on tergite II short and pointed. Tergite IX S1 and S2 setae blunt or very weakly expanded, shorter than tube, S2 longer than S1; intermediate setae short, much shorter than half of S1. Tube (Fig. 51) a little longer than 0.6 times as long as head, 0.63 times in holotype, a little longer than 2.0 times as long as wide, 2.25 times in holotype; terminal setae about 1.5 times as long as tube .</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length 2440 (distended). Head length 258, from anterior margin of eyes 235, width across eyes 179, maximum width across cheeks 180, minimum width across base 151; eyes length 93; diameter of posterior ocelli 18–21; postocular setae 65. Maxillary bridge width 89. Antenna total length 440, segments III–VIII length (width) as follows: 67 (32), 68 (33), 55 (27), 52 (23), 44 (20), 42 (13). Pronotum length 215, width 270. Setae on prothorax: aa?35, ml about 50, pa 81, epim 80–84. Fore wing length 980. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 50, S2 65, S3 104. Pelta length 95, width 118. Tergite IX setae: S1 110–120, S2 125. Tube length 162, maximum width 72; terminal setae 245.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length: 2.0– 2.1mm. Very similar to macropterous female in structure. Abdomen largely brownish, segments VI–IX almost entirely brown; tube entirely dark brown. Head a little longer than 1.45 times as long as wide; antenna shorter than 1.7 times as long as head; pronotum about 1.7 times as long as head, about 1.3 times as long as wide; tergite IX S2 setae about half of S1, or a little longer; tube slightly shorter than 0.6 times as long as head; terminal tube setae about 1.6 times as long as tube.</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in µm). Body length about 2000 (distended). Head length 240, from anterior margin of eyes 220, width across eyes 158, maximum width across cheeks 163, minimum width across base 134; eyes length 70; diameter of posterior ocelli 16–21; postocular setae 65–70. Maxillary bridge width 78. Antenna total length 390, segments III–VIII length as follows: 59, 57, 50, 47, 42, 39. Pronotum length 167, width 218. Setae on prothorax: aa?30, ml?35, pa 75–78, epim 70. Fore wing length 810. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 47 –48, S2 53 –55, S3 100–105. Pelta length 77, width 100. Tergite IX setae: S1 102–105, S2 55. Tube length 137, maximum width 65; terminal setae 220.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Indonesia, Java, Malang, Sundeng, Sawo Sajar, 450m alt., on bamboo, 24.viii.2005, SO . Paratypes: Indonesia, Java, 2 females and 2 males, collected together with holotype .</p><p>Comments. This species is described from Java, Indonesia, based on three females and two males taken from bamboo, and probably belongs in the coimbatorensis group. It is somewhat similar to A. bambusicola sp. nov. described above from Thailand, A. coimbatorensis from India and A. huanglianensis from China also collected from bamboo in having short and V-shaped maxillary stylets and a well-developed mesopresternum that is nearly complete. However, although bambusicola, coimbatorensis and huanglianensis have uniformly brown bodies, javae has the body bicolored and largely yellowish. A. collaris which was collected from tobacco leaf in Sumatra, Indonesia, also has a bicolored body and its color pattern is somewhat similar to this species according to the original description (Karny 1925). However, javae can be distinguished from collaris by the followings: head entirely yellow (brownish yellow with dark sides in collaris); antennal segments VII and VIII yellow, weakly shaded with brown (dark brown in collaris); pterothorax yellow (grayish brown in collaris).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812435504F64C5FD23A94AFE54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812437504864C5FE28A893F9A8.text	03E287812437504864C5FE28A893F9A8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mychiothrips Haga & Okajima 2025	<div><p>Mychiothrips Haga &amp; Okajima, stat. rev.</p><p>Mychiothrips Haga &amp; Okajima, 1979: 266 . Type-species: Mychiothrips fruticola Haga &amp; Okajima, by monotypy.</p><p>Dang et al. (2014) treated Mychiothrips as a synonym of Veerabahuthrips claiming that ‘the recorded differences between the two genera are essentially related to body size, the two species described in Mychiothrips being distinctly larger (body length 2.5mm or more) than the six species described in Veerabahuthrips (body length 2.0mm or less)’. However, this suggestion is severely lacking in scientific support, and this became clear by examining specimens added in recent years. It is not true to state that Mychiothrips is always larger than Veerabahuthrips, because the largest Veerabahuthrips (more than 2.7mm in V. longicornis) is much larger than smallest Mychiothrips (less than 1.8mm in M. crassipes). Moreover, there is no significant difference in the body size range of M. crassipes (1.75–2.80mm) and V. longicornis (1.85–2.75mm). It is important to note that when comparing these species, the differences between these two genera pointed out by Haga and Okajima (1979) are not all simply related to body size, and do not apply to the suggestion of Dang et al. When the latter authors claimed, ‘essentially related to body size’, it was just imagination not based on scientific observations. In Mychiothrips, for example, the fore legs exhibit extreme allometric growth especially in females. The fore femora are extremely enlarged in large individuals (Fig. 62) but not enlarged in small ones (Fig. 63). However, the fore tibiae of Mychiothrips are always longer and thinner than those of Veerabahuthrips, regardless of the body size (cf. Figs 62 &amp; 63). Moreover, the short and heavy fore tibiae of Veerabahuthrips are heavily armed with inner distinct tubercles or projections (Figs 64–67) even in small individuals, though those of Mychiothrips are not armed (Figs 62 &amp; 63) or at least armed only with a median hump and an inner subapical tubercle in large individuals. Similarly, the shapes of antennae (Figs 75–82) and length of postocular setae are also not related to body size. Contrary to the suggestion of Dang et al., this is enough indication that the structural differences between these two genera are not simply related to body size, and they do not constitute a single radiation. The difference between these two genera is especially quite striking in morphological structures and movement when looking at their appearance alive. Veerabahuthrips species do not show as much allometric growth as Mychiothrips species, and regardless of body size, the armatures of the fore legs are always well developed even in small individuals. It is possible that the foreleg armatures in Veerabahuthrips are always involved in an important role, such as predation, whereas this is not so in Mychiothrips . This is because in Mychiothrips, small individuals have only vestigial armatures on the foreleg at least in M. fruticola (cf. Fig. 63). The genus Mychiothrips is therefore here recalled from synonymy with Veerabahuthrips, although further observations are needed, especially on feeding behavior.</p><p>Okajima (1993b) and Dang et al. (2014) suggested all eight species classified into both of these two genera inhabit bamboo. However, Veerabahuthrips species live under the leaf sheath of bamboo and feed on scale insects, at least in bambusae species-group (the two species-groups in Veerabahuthrips, the bambusae -group and the exilis - group, are recognized below as two different genera). In contrast, Mychiothrips species live on the leaf or stem of bamboo and probably prey on small arthropods other than scale insects; there is even a slight possibility that these species are phytophagous. At least Mychiothrips fruticola, the type-species of the genus known from Japan, has never been found under the sheath of bamboo, and it has not been confirmed to be predaceous, despite our extensive observations. In general, the mid and hind legs of Veerabahuthrips are somewhat short and thick relative to their body size (Figs 57–61), while those of Mychiothrips are rather long and slender (Figs 53–56). These morphological differences between Mychiothrips and Veerabahuthrips seem important because they are associated with different behaviors. Presumably, the short mid and hind legs of Veerabahuthrips are adapted to living in closed, narrow spaces between the leaf sheath and stem of bamboo, and since they prey on immobile scale insects they do not need to run fast. Podothrips and Okajimathrips also have similar short mid and hind legs (cf. Figs 94 &amp; 108) and prey on scale insects in the narrow space under the sheath of bamboo or grass. In contrast, the long legs among Mychiothrips are possibly adapted to running fast to prey on small mobile arthropods and/or to escape from natural enemies that may be common in open spaces. These long mid and hind legs of Mychiothrips do not show size related variation, and the legs are also elongate even in small individuals.</p><p>In contrast to our observation, Ng observed in Veerabahuthrips simplex, of the exilis -group (see below), that the sharp fore femoral teeth are used to grip a leaf vein in windy conditions (Ng &amp; Mound 2015), but it is uncertain whether this observation was in its natural state or experimental. In our observations, Veerabahuthrips species rarely roamed freely on the leaves of bamboo. However, it is also true that Ng’s observation has an insight that cannot be ignored. Observing the fore legs of Veerabahuthrips species, it seems that when they are folded, the largest femoral tooth and the large tarsal tooth always fit well (Figs 64–67), as if they are adapted to gripping something. The possibility that Veerabahuthrips species walks on bamboo leaves in rare occasions cannot be ruled out, but it is not clear because there are few observations. Otherwise, there is a slight possibility that, unlike the bambusae -group, the exilis -group may also live on bamboo leaves rather than under the leaf sheaths. However, unlike Mychiothrips which live on the leaves, the mid and hind legs of the exilis -group are short as already mentioned. In any case, further observations will be necessary to understand the behavior and life history of these thrips and to make a more accurate classification.</p><p>Veerabahuthrips contains important problems related to genus-level classification. Six species are currently listed in this genus excluding two Mychiothrips species (Okajima 1993b, ThripsWiki 2025), and two species-groups can be recognized based on morphological differences. The bambusae -group includes four species, bambusae, clarus, longicornis and tridentatus, and the exilis -group just exilis and simplex . These latter two species have some significant morphological differences from the type of the genus, V. bambusae, and are not representative of the genus Veerabahuthrips . Members of the bambusae -group have the head elongate with a distinct preocular projection and the cheeks with a distinct constriction behind eyes (Figs 64–67), whereas in exilis -group the head is smaller and not protruded anteriorly and the cheeks not constricted (Figs 71 &amp; 72). The fore tibial armatures of these two species-groups are also somewhat different. Moreover, species in the bambusae -group have the mesonotum with the median cleft almost complete (cf. Figs 69 &amp; 70), though the two exilis -group species have this cleft scarcely reaching the middle (Figs 73 &amp; 74). Mychiothrips also has an incomplete median cleft like exilis -group (cf. Fig. 68). Although overlooked by both Haga and Okajima (1979) and Okajima (1993b), this difference is significant in considering the status of the genus. The bambusae -group can clearly be distinguished not only from exilis -group, but also from some related genera including Mychiothrips, by this structure. The complete median cleft on the mesonotum is found in a few unrelated genera within the Phlaeothripidae, such as South American Chamaeothrips and Chorithrips (Mound 1977), and Australian Paracholeothrips, Turmathrips and Warithrips (Crespi et al. 2004) . As a result of these observations, the two species comprising the exilis -group are here transferred to a new genus, Takeazamiuma gen. nov. described below.</p><p>Two species are included in the genus Mychiothrips, and they can be distinguished easily from each other by the key in Okajima (1993b, P.724). There are certain Bamboosiella species with both an elongate head and enlarged fore femora, such as B. lewisi from Japan, B. magna (= magnus in the original description) from China and B. xiphiphora from Thailand, which very closely resemble Mychiothrips in appearance. These Bamboosiella species show extreme allometric growth in female as in Mychiothrips, and large females have the fore femora enlarged. Although they have unarmed fore femora, we cannot rule out the possibility that Mychiothrips is more closely related to Bamboosiella rather than Veerabahuthrips .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812437504864C5FE28A893F9A8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812430504964C5F934A93DFEC0.text	03E287812430504964C5F934A93DFEC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mychiothrips crassipes Okajima 1993	<div><p>Mychiothrips crassipes Okajima, comb. rev.</p><p>(Figs 53, 75)</p><p>Mychiothrips crassipes Okajima, 1993: 725 .</p><p>This species was described from Thailand based on a good number of females and males taken from bamboo. The fore femur is usually armed with four stout inner teeth, but with only three teeth in small individuals. The fore tibia is long and distinctly curved inwardly, and, unlike M. fruticola, it has an inner median hump and an inner sub-apical tubercle. However, these features of the fore legs are not so distinct in small individuals. Unfortunately, the feeding habit of this species is uncertain so far.</p><p>Specimens examined. Thailand, holotype female and most of paratypes (data described in Okajima, 1993); additionally, some females and males (detailed data omitted).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812430504964C5F934A93DFEC0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812431504B64C5FE9CAEBAFE54.text	03E287812431504B64C5FE9CAEBAFE54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mychiothrips fruticola Haga & Okajima 1979	<div><p>Mychiothrips fruticola Haga &amp; Okajima, comb. rev.</p><p>(Figs 3, 54–56, 62–63, 68, 76)</p><p>Mychiothrips fruticola Haga &amp; Okajima, 1979: 268 . This species was described from Honshu, the main island of Japan. It is commonly found on several bamboo species, e.g. Pleioblastus chino, P. simonii and Sasa nipponica, and sometimes found on common Japanese pampas grass, Mischanthus sinensis . Previously, this species had been found only from the warm temperate region of Japan, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu, but it was found recently from the subtropical region of Japan, Okinawa Is., the Ryukyu Islands.Although the specimens from the temperate region including the type series have the body uniformly dark brown with brown legs in both sexes (Figs 54 &amp; 55), the males from Okinawa have the body sharply bicolored yellow and brown with yellow legs (Fig. 56). Their head and posterior portion of abdomen are brown to dark brown, and the thorax and anterior portion of abdomen are largely yellow, despite the females being uniformly dark brown and indistinguishable from the females of the temperate region. Moreover, these specimens are indistinguishable in most structures from the type series and are considered a geographical variation within a single species. The biological significance of the conspicuous chromatic variation only in males is a particularly interesting problem.</p><p>Specimens examined. Japan, holotype female and most of paratypes (data described in Haga &amp; Okajima,1979); additional many females and males from the temperate region of Japan (detailed data omitted). Japan, the Ryukyu Islands, 3 females and 3 males, Okinawa Is., Higashi-son, Takae, on bamboo, 31.vii.2003, TN .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812431504B64C5FE9CAEBAFE54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781243C504464C5FF65AE21FBE8.text	03E28781243C504464C5FF65AE21FBE8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Namothrips Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Namothrips gen. nov.</p><p>Small sized phlaeothripine species, with prothoracic notopleural suture incomplete, possibly belonging to the Phlaeothrips -lineage. Head slightly elevated dorsally, longer than wide, with a pair of postocular setae, which are closer together in both sexes; ocellar setae minute. Eyes and ocelli moderately developed; anterior ocellus directed forwardly, posterior ocelli in contact with eyes.Antennae eight-segmented; segment VIII weakly constricted basally, well separated from segment VII; segments III and VI with (1+1) and (2+1 +1) sense cones, respectively. Mouth cone short and rounded; maxillary stylets retracted far into head capsule, reaching eyes, close together medially; maxillary bridge absent. Pronotum with four pairs of prominent setae. Prothoracic notopleural suture incomplete. Prosternal basantra present, but weak; ferna developed. Fore tarsal tooth absents in both sexes. Pterothorax longer than wide; mesopresternum transverse; metathoracic sternopleural sutures not developed, furcal arms fused medially. Fore wings weakly constricted medially (Fig. 88), with no duplicated cilia. Abdominal tergites II–VII with two pairs of wing-retaining setae; tergite IX S1 and S2 setae shorter than tube. Tube much shorter than head, tapering, almost straight-sided; terminal setae almost as long as tube or shorter. Male: sternite VIII with a pair of pore plates; tergite IX S2 setae almost as long as S1.</p><p>Type-species. Namothrips bambusae sp. nov.</p><p>Comments. The genus Namothrips presumably belongs to the Phlaeothrips -lineage, and it may be nearly allied to the Oriental genus Ablemothrips Ananthakrishnan. These two genera share the head long and elevated dorsally, the maxillary stylets elongated and close together medially, the fore wings weakly constricted medially and without duplicated cilia, and the fore tarsal tooth absent in both sexes. Ablemothrips has the prothoracic notopleural suture complete, the prosternum without basantra, the antennal segments VII and VIII closely and widely fused, and sternite VIII of male with no pore plate (Okajima 1999). However, Namothrips has the notopleural sutures incomplete, the prosternal basantra weakly developed, antennal segments VII and VIII well separated, and has a pair of pore plates on sternite VIII of males. Moreover, Ablemothrips has the postocular cephalic setae close together in female but far apart from each other in male, whereas they are close together in both sexes in Namothrips .</p><p>The genus name is derived from the type locality ‘Viêt Nam’. Gender: masculine.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781243C504464C5FF65AE21FBE8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781243C504664C5FB75AF02FD58.text	03E28781243C504664C5FB75AF02FD58.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Namothrips bambusae Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Namothrips bambusae sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 83–93)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length: about 1.5mm. Body sharply bicolored brown and yellow (Fig. 83). Head and pterothorax brown, but head is yellow on ventral surface (Fig. 85); abdominal segment IX and tube pale brown, somewhat paler than head; abdominal segments I– VIII yellow, but segments I and VI – VIII very weakly shaded with brown. Legs yellow, but mid coxae are brown. Antennal segments I– II and VII – VIII brown, segments III – VI yellow. Fore wings weakly shaded with brown. Prominent body setae pale. Head 1.9 times as long as wide (Fig. 84), distinctly elevated dorsally (Fig. 85), widest across cheeks just behind eyes; dorsal surface covered with fine wrinkles and sculptured with weak reticulation (Fig. 86). Cheeks almost straight, weakly narrowed towards base, each with a short postocular cheek seta. Postocular setae much shorter than eyes, weakly expanded, about 40µm apart from each other in holotype . Eyes about one-fourth as long as head. Posterior ocelli 10–12µm in diameter, about 10µm apart from each other in holotype . Antennae (Fig. 92) 1.35 times as long as head in holotype ; segment VI a little longer than segment III. Pronotum (Fig. 84) 0.42 times as long as head and 1.55 times as wide as long in holotype ; sculptured with reticulation marginally, semicircular lines sub-medially. Four pairs of pronotal setae and epimeral setae well developed, expanded at apices. Mesonotum distinctly sculptured; mesopresternum somewhat wider, not narrowed or eroded medially. Metanotum sculptured medially with longitudinal reticulation or lines (Fig. 87), with fine dots among lines, smooth laterally; median pair of setae short, 25–27µm apart from anterior margin, 22µm apart from each other in holotype . Three sub-basal setae expanded, S2 a little shorter than S1. Pelta weak (Fig. 89), narrowly hat-shaped, with no campaniform sensilla. Wing-retaining setae well developed and sigmoid (Fig. 90), but those on tergite II are short and rather straight. Tergite IX S1 and S2 setae pointed. Tube (Fig. 93) 0.43 times as long as head, about 2.0 times as long as wide in holotype .</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in μm). Body length about 1500 (distended). Head length 208, from anterior margin of eyes 195, width across cheeks 110, across eyes 108; eyes length 50, width 38–40; postocular setae 35–38. Antenna total length 280, segments I–VIII length (width) as follows: 27 (25), 38 (24), 37 (21), 35 (22), 38 (20), 40 (20), 32 (18), 24 (10). Pronotum length 87, width 135. Setae on prothorax: am 40–42, aa 45–48, ml 37–42, pa 50, epim 53–55, cox 20. Fore wing length 580. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 45, S2 38 –43, S3 50 –52. Tergite IX setae: S1 40 –42, S2 60 –70. Tube length 90, maximum width 46; terminal setae about 90.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.1–1.2mm. Color and structure very similar to female. Pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII, weak, separated both sides (Fig. 91); tergite IX S2 setae shorter, almost as long as S1 or shorter. Tube shorter than 0.4 times as long as head.</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in μm). Body length about 1120 (distended). Head length 183, from anterior margin of eyes 165, width 95; eyes length 40, width 35; postocular setae about 20. Antenna total length 260, segments I–VIII length (width) as follows: 27 (22), 33 (21), 32 (17), 30 (19), 33 (20), 37 (18), 30 (17), 20 (10). Pronotum length 65, width 100. Setae on prothorax: am 20, aa 25, ml 25, pa 30, epim 40, cox 15. Fore wing length 490. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 26, S2 23, S3 30. Tergite IX setae: S1 about 30, S2 about 30. Tube length 70, maximum width 35; terminal setae 70.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Vietnam, Lam Dong Province, Bao Loc, Dam Bri, on bamboo, 27.xii.2001, S. Okajima . Paratypes: Vietnam, 5 females and 1 male, collected with holotype; 6 females and 2 males, data very similar to holotype, but 28.xii.2001.</p><p>Comments. This species is described from Vietnam based on 12 females and 3 males taken from bamboo. It was collected together with Vietothrips bicolor gen. et sp. nov. described below, but their feeding habit is unknown .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781243C504664C5FB75AF02FD58	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781243E504664C5FD24AFE7F8A0.text	03E28781243E504664C5FD24AFE7F8A0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Okajimathrips Bhatti	<div><p>Okajimathrips Bhatti</p><p>Okajimathrips Bhatti, 1992: 130 . Type-species: Podothrips kentingensis Okajima, by monotypy.</p><p>This genus is included in the Haplothripini and is very closely related to the worldwide genus Podothrips . However, it is characterized by the following structures: mouth cone smaller and rather pointed (Fig. 98); prothoracic notopleural sutures incomplete (Fig. 100); basantra often partly fused to ferna; mesopresternum reduced, divided into two small lateral triangles (Fig. 101); fore wings parallel-sided (Fig. 254), but slender; tube distinctly constricted at apex (Fig. 102); male sternite VIII with a pair of pore plates (Fig. 103); male tergite IX extruded posteriorly. Previously, only the type-species, O. kentingensis, was included in this genus, but one additional species is newly described here from northern Thailand. Both these species are frequently found under the leaf sheaths of bamboo, infrequently on grass tussocks, and they seem to prey on coccids like Podothrips species.</p><p>Diagnosis. Body slightly flattened, macropterous. Head longer than wide, with a pair of postocular setae. Postocular setae arose near cheeks. Eyes and ocelli well-developed. Antennae eight-segmented; segments III and IV each with (1+1) sense cones. Mouth cone short and rounded, relatively pointed; maxillary stylets retracted to postocular setae, close together medially; maxillary bridge present. Pronotum with three pairs of setae developed, am and ml reduced; notopleural sutures incomplete. Basantra well developed, longer than wide, often fused to ferna. Mesopresternum divided into two lateral triangles; metathoracic sternopleural sutures well-developed, furcal arms separated from one another, without spinula. Fore tarsal tooth present in both sexes (Fig. 99), falciform; fore tibia with an inner subapical tubercle. Fore wings parallel-sided, without duplicated cilia. Pelta wide, nearly semicircular. Tergites II–VII with two pairs of wing-retaining setae. Tube shorter than head, distinctly constricted at apex; terminal setae a little longer than tube. Male tergite IX extruded posteriorly. Male sternite VIII with a pair of pore plates.</p><p>Key to Okajimathrips species</p><p>1. Postero-lateral setae S2 on tergites III–V usually expanded, those on tergites VI and VII finely pointed; head about 1.2 times as long as wide (Fig. 106); antennal segment III about 1.5 times as long as wide (Fig. 107); maxillary bridge rather distinct, much wider than one-fifth of head width; sub-basal wing setae S1 usually expanded, S2 often expanded; body sharply bicolored (Fig. 105), head, abdominal segments VIII–IX and tube largely dark brown, the rest of body yellow............... kentingensis</p><p>-. Postero-lateral setae S2 on tergites III and IV usually expanded, those on tergites V–VII finely pointed; head about 1.3 times as long as wide (Fig. 96); antennal segment III about 1.8 times as long as wide (Fig. 104); maxillary bridge rather weak, about one-fifth as wide as head, or a little narrower; sub-basal wing setae usually pointed; body largely yellow (Fig. 94), but anterior half of head and apex of tube brown, rarely abdominal segment IX and tube brown..................... borealis sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781243E504664C5FD24AFE7F8A0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781243F504064C5FF65AB22FF24.text	03E28781243F504064C5FF65AB22FF24.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Okajimathrips borealis Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Okajimathrips borealis sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 94–104, 254)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 2.5–2.7mm. Body largely yellow (Fig. 94); anterior half of head and apex of tube brown, but rarely abdominal segment IX and tube brown; the rest of body and legs yellow. Antennal segment I brown, segments II – VI yellow, segments VII – VIII scarcely shaded with brown. Fore wings scarcely shaded, major body setae pale. Head about 1.3 times as long as wide (Fig. 96), 1.33 times in holotype, scarcely protruded in front of eyes, widest across cheeks at a level of postocular setae, dorsal surface almost smooth. Cheeks rounded, almost smooth. Postocular setae shorter than eyes, expanded, situated near cheeks, 175µm apart from each other, 32–33µm apart from eyes in holotype. Eyes relatively small, about one-fourth of head length, ommatidia separated from each other. Ocelli small, posterior ocelli almost as large as ommatidium, about 80µm apart from each other. Antennae (Fig. 104) about 1.6 times as long as head; segment VIII pedicellate, distinctly constricted at base, a little longer than segment VII; segment III 1.85 times as long as wide in holotype . Maxillary stylets 14µm apart from each other in holotype; maxillary bridge somewhat weak, a little narrower than one-fifth of head width. Pronotum 0.94 times as long as head and 1.03 times as wide as long in holotype, almost smooth. Prosternum and mesopresternum very similar to those of the type-species (Fig. 101). Mesonotum almost smooth, lateral pair of setae short and acute. Metanotum almost smooth at middle; median pair of setae short, 72–73µm apart from anterior margin, 65µm apart from each other in holotype. Fore wing sub-basal setae short and pointed. Pelta weak. Tergites II – VIII S2 setae: II short, but weakly expanded, III, IV and VIII expanded, V – VII finely pointed. Tergite IX S1 and S2 setae shorter than tube, pointed, S1 much shorter than S2. Tube (Fig. 102) 0.77 times as long as head, 2.47 times as long as wide in holotype .</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length 2670 (distended). Head length 248, from anterior margin of eyes 220, width across eyes 170, maximum width across cheeks 187; eyes length 63; diameter of posterior ocelli 8–10; postocular setae 35–40. Maxillary bridge width 35. Antenna total length 395, segments III–VIII length (width) as follows: 50 (27), 55 (30), 50 (27), 50 (25), 43 (20), 45 (15). Pronotum length 233, width 240. Setae on prothorax: aa about 20, pa 25, epim 52–53. Fore wing length 850. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 17, S2 15, S3 17. Pelta length?80, width 132. Tergite IX setae: S1 45 –50, S2 150–155. Tube length 190, maximum width 77; terminal setae about 200.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length: 2.0– 2.2mm. Very similar to female in color and structure. Head a little shorter than 1.3 times as long as head; tube about 0.7 times as long as head. Pore plates on sternite VIII are very similar to those of the type-species (Fig. 103).</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in µm). Body length 2140 (distended). Head length 208, from anterior margin of eyes 184, width across eyes 150, maximum width across cheeks 162; diameter of posterior ocelli 7–9; postocular setae about 35. Maxillary bridge width 30. Antenna total length 360, segments III–VIII length as follows: 47, 48, 43, 43, 37, 45. Pronotum length 200, width 202. Setae on prothorax: aa 20–22, pa 20–25, epim 45–47. Fore wing length 740. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 11 –15, S2 15 –20, S3 15 –16. Pelta length 78, width 103. Tergite IX setae: S1 43 –45, S2 40 –45. Tube length 150, maximum width 61; terminal setae 190.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Thailand, nr. Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep, on bamboo, 1.ix.1991, TN &amp; SO . Paratypes: Thailand, 31 females and 11 males, collected together with holotype; same locality and habitat as in holotype, 4 females, 3.ix.1991, 27 females and 10 males, 24.viii.1992, TN &amp; SO, 1 female, 2.ix.1992, SO; 4 females, nr. Chiang Mai, Ka Jan, on bamboo, 3.ix.1992 , SO; 2 females, nr. Chiang Mai, Hong kai, on bamboo, 4.ix.1991 , TN &amp; SO; 2 females, Chiang Mai, on bamboo, 2.ix.1991, TN &amp; SO; 2 females, nr. Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon, on bamboo, 29.viii.1992 , TN &amp; SO.</p><p>Non-paratypic specimens. Thailand, 4 females and 1 male, nr. Chiang Mai, Ka Jan, on bamboo, 3.ix.1992, SO .</p><p>Comments. This species has the body largely yellow (Fig. 94), although O. kentingensis has the body sharply bicolored brown and yellow (Fig. 105). Previously, this species has been considered as a color form of kentingensis, but it appears to have several differences in structure, and it can be distinguished from kentingensis by the key above. Therefore, caution should be exercised because this species is mixed in the specimens collected from Thailand that Okajima has identified as ‘ O. kentingensis ’ in the past. Incidentally, Fig. 133 in Dang et al. (2014) is likely to be this species, not kentingensis, based on the aspect ratio of the head and the condition of the maxillary stylets. Four females and one male listed in the non-paratypic specimens may represent this species, but these have the head largely pale brown (Fig. 97), and abdominal segment IX and tube largely brown (Fig. 95). These specimens were collected together with four females that show the typical color pattern of borealis, and the two color forms are indistinguishable in structure. This species and O. kentingensis are ectopically distributed, but the boundary is not clear at this time.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781243F504064C5FF65AB22FF24	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812438504164C5F8F7AE2BFE0C.text	03E287812438504164C5F8F7AE2BFE0C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Okajimathrips kentingensis (Okajima 1986)	<div><p>Okajimathrips kentingensis (Okajima)</p><p>(Figs 105–107)</p><p>Podothrips kentingensis Okajima, 1986: 713 .</p><p>O. kentingensis was described from southern Taiwan under the genus Podothrips (Okajima, 1986) based on eight females and five males taken from grass tussocks. The species was obtained together with several females and males of Podothrips luteus Okajima. Previously, it has been recorded only from Taiwan, but it is here recorded from bamboo in southern Thailand and Vietnam. The specimens listed below from Thailand and Vietnam are indistinguishable from the type series, and all of them are taken from bamboo .</p><p>Specimens examined. Thailand, Bangkok, Bangkhen, Campus of Kasetsart University, NBCRC, on bamboo , 13 females and 4 males, 28.vii.1987, 44 females and 20 males, 11.i.1988, SO; data very similar to above, 145 females and 139 males, 22.viii.1990, TN &amp; SO; 13 females and 10 males, Phuket Is., Gu gu suri Road, on bamboo, 24.viii.1991 , TN &amp; SO; Phuket Is., Rawai Beach, on bamboo, 13 females and 2 males, 26.viii.1991, 6 females and 5 males, 15.ix.1992, TN &amp; SO; 1 female, Nakornprathom, Puttamonton, on bamboo, 18.ix.1991 , P. Jangvitaya. Vietnam, 7 females and 5 males, Ho Chi Minh, on bamboo, 12.ix.2018, K. Minoura.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812438504164C5F8F7AE2BFE0C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812439504264C5FDD0AFE7F840.text	03E287812439504264C5FDD0AFE7F840.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips Hood	<div><p>Podothrips Hood</p><p>Podothrips Hood, 1913: 67 . Type species: Podothrips semiflavus Hood, by monotypy.</p><p>This genus belongs to the tribe Haplothripini (= Haplothrips -lineage) and previously contained 32 species in the world, most of them from the Oriental region and Australia. Only three species are known from Africa and the New World, although the type-species, P. semiflavus, was described from the New World. Undoubtedly, this genus is closely related to two Oriental genera, Okajimathrips and Praepodothrips, together with a genus newly described below from Thailand, Yurikoazamiuma gen. nov. In particular, Podothrips and Okajimathrips are very closely related and characterized by having large prosternal basantra (cf. Figs 101 &amp; 112). These four genera can clearly be discriminated from each other by the key provided below (see under Yurikoazamiuma). In contrast, although Okajima (2006) had indicated a close relationship between Podothrips and Karnyothrips, recent studies have shown that these two genera are not so closely related (Okajima &amp; Masumoto 2025a, 2025b). In Indochina, especially in Thailand, Podothrips species are abundant on various species of bamboo, and it is not uncommon for several species to coexist. Moreover, there are many species that are very similar in color and structure (cf. Figs 134–143) especially the bicolored species, and their classification is not always easy. Therefore, it is necessary to pay close attention to the discrimination of species. Especially, the difference in sense cone formula of the antennal segments III and IV is particularly important, but the small sense cone on the outside of segment IV is often difficult to observe. The presence or absence of this small sense cone requires special attention, because there are sometimes intraspecific variations.</p><p>Sixteen species are recognized here from East Asia, of which six species are newly described. Among them, only two species, P. ferrugineus and P. lucasseni, are uniformly brown, but the remaining 14 species are sharply bicolored brown and yellow. All species are predators and inhabit bamboos and/or grasses, especially bamboos infested by scale insects. Curiously, despite repeated investigations conducted by Okajima, no species other than a widely distributed P. lucasseni have been observed from Java and Bali, Indonesia.</p><p>Diagnosis. Body slightly flattened, usually macropterous. Head a little longer than wide, almost smooth dorsally, often with a pair of lateral teeth at cheeks just behind eyes; cheeks without stout setae; a pair of postocular setae developed; postocellar setae minute. Ocelli developed but small, anterior ocellus situated at inter-antennal projection.Antennae 8-segmented, segment III with (1+1) sense cones, IV with (1+1) or (1+1 +1) sense cones. Mouth cone short and rounded, maxillary stylets at least usually reaching at postocular setae and rather close together, maxillary bridge present. Prothorax with three or four pairs of setae developed, am setae reduced, ml setae often reduced; notopleural suture complete. Basantra well developed (cf. Fig. 112), usually longer than wide, ferna and prospinasternum developed, mesopresternum boat shaped. Metathoracic sternopleural suture present, but absent in some Australian species; furcal arms usually separated from one another (cf. Fig. 251), without spinula. Fore tibia frequently with an inner subapical tooth, fore tarsus with well-developed apical tooth in both sexes. Fore wing constricted at middle (cf. Fig. 255), with or without duplicated cilia. Pelta usually bell-shaped, often semicircular, usually with a pair of campaniform sensilla. Abdominal tergites II–VII each with two pairs of wing-retaining setae, second pair on VII usually reduced to straight setae in female; tube shorter than head, anal setae longer than tube. Male abdominal tergite IX with S2 setae short, sternite VIII without pore plate.</p><p>Key to Podothrips species from East Asia</p><p>[*: P. femoralis is based on the original description]</p><p>1. Body uniformly brown................................................................................. 2</p><p>-. Body bicolored, yellow and brown....................................................................... 3</p><p>2. Head 1.5 times as long as width, or longer, cheeks without tooth behind eyes; all tibiae yellow; tergite I with sclerites at both sides of pelta; antennal segment III with (0+1) sense cone; maxillary stylets not reaching postocular setae at all; antennal segment VIII conical, not constricted at base; fore wing without duplicated cilia; sub-basal wing setae S1 reduced. lucasseni</p><p>-. Head about 1.2 times as long as width, cheeks each with a pronounced tooth behind eyes; mid- and hind tibiae brown; tergite I without sclerites at both side of pelta; antennal segment III with (1+1) sense cones, IV with (1+1 +1) sense cones; maxillary stylets almost reaching postocular setae; antennal segment VIII elongate, narrowed at base; fore wing with duplicated cilia; sub-basal wing setae S1 expanded............................................................... ferrugineus</p><p>3. Fore wings with at least one duplicated cilium.............................................................. 4</p><p>-. Fore wings without duplicated cilia....................................................................... 8</p><p>4. Antennal segment IV with (1+1) sense cones; head and pronotum brown......................................... 5</p><p>-. Antennal segment IV with (1+1 +1) sense cones; head brown, but pronotum brown or yellow.......................... 6</p><p>5. Fore wing usually with 4–5 duplicated cilia; antennal segment I brown, concolorous with head; fore femur with basal half brownish; pterothorax with lateral and anterior margins brown; fore tibia without distinct inner apical tooth.... odonaspicola</p><p>-. Fore wing with only one duplicated cilium; antennal segment I yellow to brownish yellow, paler than head; fore femur and pterothorax largely yellow; fore tibia with a distinct inner apical tooth.............................. sasacola (in part)</p><p>6. Abdominal segment VII brown (Fig. 108).................................................. abdominalis sp. nov.</p><p>-. Abdominal segment VII yellow (cf. Fig. 162)............................................................... 7</p><p>7. Pronotum brown (Fig. 162); antennal segment VIII slender and elongate (Fig. 168), longer than 40µm in female; basantra not fused posteriorly (Fig. 165); male unknown…………………………….......................... gracilicornis sp. nov.</p><p>-. Pronotum yellow (cf. Fig. 144); antennal segment VIII short and conical, shorter than 35µm in female; both basantral sclerites usually fused posteriorly (cf. Fig. 149).............................................................. etsukoae</p><p>8. Antennal segment IV with (1+1) sense cones............................................................... 9</p><p>-. Antennal segment IV with (1+1 +1) sense cones............................................................. 13</p><p>9. Pronotum yellow.................................................................................... 10</p><p>-. Pronotum brown..................................................................................... 11</p><p>10. Body largely yellow (Fig. 138), head and apical two-thirds of tube brown..................................... luteus</p><p>-. Metanotum blackish brown at sides, but pterothorax largely brown in specimens from Uganda, abdominal tergites VIII–IX and tube brown.................................................................................. semiflavus</p><p>11. Mesothorax and fore femur brown (Fig. 134)........................................................ bellatulus</p><p>-. Mesothorax and fore femur yellow (Figs 136 &amp; 142), but often mesothoracic pleural regions slightly darker............ 12</p><p>12. Antennal segments I and II brown, almost concolorous with head, at least scarcely paler than head; sub-basal wing setae S1 and S2 expanded; the prothoracic setae usually expanded; head distinctly narrowed towards base (Fig. 137); tergite IX setae S2 1.4 –1.7 times as long as tube in female; tube shorter, usually shorter than 130µm in female, usually about 0.5 times as long as head.................................................................................... bicolor (in part)</p><p>-. Antennal segments I and II yellow, distinctly paler than head; all sub-basal wing setae pointed; prothoracic setae except for epim are pointed or very weakly expanded; head weakly narrowed towards base (Fig. 143); tergite IX setae S2 1.0 –1.1 times as long as tube in female; tube longer, usually longer than 140µm in female, usually about 0.6 times as long as head.............................................................................................. sasacola (in part)</p><p>13. Antennal segment III with (0+1) sense cone; abdominal segment VIII sharply bicolored, largely yellow with posterior third brown in female (Fig. 116), uniformly yellow in male (Fig. 117)................................. antennatus sp. nov.</p><p>-. Antennal segment III with (1+1) sense cones; tergite VIII largely brown (cf. Fig. 136), often yellowish anteromedially; male abdominal segment VIII not uniformly yellow, at least shaded posterolaterally or male unknown..................... 14</p><p>14. Pronotum brown; all legs yellow (Fig. 136); tube usually shorter than130µm in both sexes…………....... bicolor (in part)</p><p>-. Pronotum brown or yellow; fore femur brown, but yellow when pronotum yellow; tube about 140µm long or longer at least in female............................................................................................. 15</p><p>15. Pronotum, fore femora and metathorax brown; prothoracic pa expanded, ml developed, almost as long as aa; male unknown............................................................................................ femoralis *</p><p>-. Pronotum and fore femora brown or yellow, metathorax yellow or brownish yellow except for pleural areas; prothoracic pa pointed, ml distinctly shorter than aa..................................................................... 16</p><p>16. Pronotum and fore femora yellow in both sexes (Fig. 154); male tergite IX with S1 setae expanded........ flavipes sp. nov.</p><p>-. Pronotum and fore femora brown in both sexes, or yellow in male; male tergite IX with S1 setae pointed............... 17</p><p>17. Abdominal segment VIII uniformly brown in both sexes (Figs 125 &amp; 126); tube slightly narrowed at apex (Fig. 132); head rather distinctly narrowed towards base (Fig. 127); thorax largely yellow in male (Fig. 126), but pleural regions of metathorax brownish............................................................................... asiaticus sp. nov.</p><p>-. Abdominal segment VIII brown posterolaterally (Fig. 170), but paler in male; tube straight-sided (Fig. 176); head weakly narrowed towards base; thorax largely brown in both sexes, but metathorax largely yellowish medially.... taiwanus sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812439504264C5FDD0AFE7F840	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781243B507C64C5FF65AB01FE54.text	03E28781243B507C64C5FF65AB01FE54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips abdominalis Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Podothrips abdominalis sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 108–115)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length 2.2–2.6mm. Body bicolored (Fig. 108). Head and abdominal segments VII–X brown, thorax yellow with pleural areas of metathorax shaded, abdominal segments I–VI yellow with an anteromedian brown marking on each tergites III–VI. Antennal segment I brown, II brown with apex yellowish, III–VI yellow with distal half of V–VI shaded, VII–VIII brown; all legs yellow. Fore wings pale, slightly shaded at middle; major body setae pale. Head about 1.3 times as long as wide (Fig. 109), widest just behind compound eyes, without lateral tooth. Cheeks weakly rounded and weakly narrowed towards base, often with an indistinct small tooth just behind eyes, slightly constricted near base. Postocular setae short and brunt at apex, 156µm apart from each other in holotype. Posterior ocelli 65µm apart from each other in holotype. Antennal segment III with (1+1) sense cones, segment IV and V each with (1+1 +1) sense cones; antennal segment VIII slightly constricted at base. Ratio length/width of antennal segments III–VIII (Fig. 115) in holotype as followings: 2.1, 2.1, 2.4, 2.4, 2.8, 2.9. Maxillary stylet reaching near postocular setae, their distance about 0.3 times as wide as width across cheeks. Pronotum (Fig. 109) a little shorter than wide, about 0.95 times as long as wide in holotype, almost smooth and weakly sculptured along posterior margin and with a longitudinal line at middle. Prothoracic setae short, aa and epim expanded, ml blunt, pa pointed, epim the longest (right one short and pointed in holotype). Prosternum and mesopresternum typical of the genus (Fig. 112). Metanotum almost smooth medially; median pair of setae 43µm apart from each other, 84–87µm apart from anterior margin. Fore femora unarmed; fore tibial inner apical tooth distinct (Fig. 111). Fore wings with duplicated cilia, rarely only one cilium; three sub-basal setae short, S1 setae expanded and the longest, S2 setae pointed, S3 setae pointed and longer than S2. Pelta hut-shaped (Fig. 113). Abdominal tergite VIII with S1 setae bluntly expanded; tergite IX S1 and S2 setae pointed, S1 about 0.7 times (missing at distal parts of both S 1 in holotype) and S2 about 1.2 times as long as tube. Tube (Fig. 114) distinctly narrowed at basal fifth, almost straight-sided, gently constricted at apex, 0.56 times as long as head in holotype, about 2.2 times as long as basal width; terminal setae 1.7–1.8 times as long as tube.</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length about 2370 (distended). Head length 250, from anterior margin of eyes 225, width across eyes 188, maximum width across cheeks 193; eye length 75; diameter of posterior ocelli 15; postocular setae 19–23. Maxillary bridge width 60. Antenna total length 408, segments III–VIII length (width) as followings: 58 (28), 58 (28), 60 (25), 55 (23), 55 (20), 38 (13). Pronotum length 213, width 230. Setae on prothorax: aa 14–15, ml 8–12, pa 19–23, epim 20–43. Fore wing length 850. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 15 –20, S2 10 –11, S3 15. Pelta length 90, width 113. Tergite IX setae: S1?, S2 163–168. Tube length 140, basal width 65; terminal setae 243–250.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length 1.6–2.1mm. Body color and structures similar to female but smaller, abdominal tergite VII slightly pale at middle. Maxillary stylet not reaching postocular setae (Fig. 110), their distance wider than that of female, about 0.3 times as wide as head.</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in µm). Body length about 2050 (distended). Head length 215, from anterior margin of eyes 198, width across eyes 173, maximum width across cheeks 178; eye length 75; diameter of posterior ocelli 13; postocular setae 22–26. Maxillary bridge width 40. Antenna total length 389, segments III–VIII length (width) as followings: 55 (25), 58 (28), 58 (25), 53 (23), 51 (19), 38 (11). Pronotum length 190, width 213. Setae on prothorax: aa 15–16, ml 8–10, pa 18, epim 38–43. Fore wing length 780. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 18 –19, S2 15, S3 15 –18. Pelta length 83, width 105. Tergite IX setae: S1 66–74, S2 43. Tube length 128, basal width 53; terminal setae 218–235.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: female, Borneo, East Malaysia, Sabah, nr. Keningaw, Taman Bunsit, on bamboo, 2. ix.1991, TN &amp; SO . Paratypes: 1 female and 4 males collected together with holotype. Vietnam, 1 female, Tuyen Quang Province, Ham Yan Distr., Tan Lap, Lam Truong, on bamboo, 19.viii.2000 , SO; 3 females, Nghe An Prov., Aanh Son District, Cao Son, on bamboo, 9.viii.2007 , SO; 1 female, Thai Nguyen Province, on bamboo, 22.viii.2000; 1 female, Hoa Binh Province, Hoa Binh, on bamboo, 6.iii.2000, SO; 3 females, Bac Can Province, Ba Be National Park, on bamboo, 2.viii.2000 , SO; Lam Dong Province, Bao Loc, Dam Bri, on bamboo, 1 female, 26.xii.2001. 2 females, 27.xii.2001, 10 females and 2 males, 28.xii.2001, SO.</p><p>Comments. This species is very similar to P. flavipes sp. nov. described below from Thailand in body color. It has abdominal segment VII brown and the fore wings with duplicated cilia, whereas flavipes has abdominal segment VII yellow with an anteromedian brown marking and the fore wings without duplicated cilia. The specimens from Vietnam have S1 and S2 setae on abdominal tergite IX somewhat shorter. P. semiflavus is also somewhat similar to this species but can easily be distinguished by having abdominal segment VII brown, antennal segment IV with (1+1 +1) sense cones, and the fore wing with duplicated cilia.</p><p>The body color of this species is very similar to that of P. canizoi from India (Bhatti 1978). However, canizoi has a pair of distinct teeth on the cheeks behind the compound eyes, and is not so closely related to this species. It is probably more closely related to P. erami from Iran than to all bicolored Podothrips species distributed in East Asia (Minaei 2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781243B507C64C5FF65AB01FE54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812404507E64C5F9DEAF6FFD2C.text	03E287812404507E64C5F9DEAF6FFD2C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips antennatus Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Podothrips antennatus sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 116–124)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length 1.9–2.2mm. Body bicolored (Fig. 116). Head, thorax and tube brown, pleural areas of metathorax and tube darker but tube slightly yellow at base and apex; abdominal segments I– VII yellow; tergites III – VII each with an anteromedian brown marking, but paler on VII; tergite VI and VII often shaded at posterior angles; segment VIII yellow with posterior third brown, segment IX brown with anterior half yellow. Antennal segments I– VI brownish yellow but I and II slightly darker, V – VI with apices brown, VII – VII brown. All legs yellow. Fore wings pale slightly shaded at middle; major body setae pale. Head 1.1–1.2 times as long as wide (Fig. 118), 1.15 times in holotype, widest just behind compound eyes, without lateral tooth. Cheeks rounded and weakly narrowed towards base, slightly constricted near base. Postocular setae short and pointed, 145µm apart from each other in holotype. Posterior ocelli relatively small, 66µm apart from each other in holotype. Antennal segment III with (0+1) sense cone, IV and V each with (1+1 +1) sense cones; segment VIII not narrowed at base. Ratio length/ width of antennal segments III – VIII (Fig. 124) in holotype as followings: 2.0, 1.7, 2.1, 2.1, 2.5, 2.0. Maxillary stylet reaching postocular setae, their distance about 0.2 times as wide as width across cheeks. Pronotum (Fig. 118) almost as long as wide, almost smooth and weakly sculptured along posterior margin and with a longitudinal line at middle; prothoracic setae relatively short, aa, ml and epim expanded at apex, pa pointed, epim the longest. Prosternum and mesopresternum typical of the genus (Fig. 120). Metanotum almost smooth anteromedially; median pair of setae 58µm apart from each other, 78–80µm apart from anterior margin in holotype. Fore femora unarmed; fore tibial inner apical tooth distinct (Fig. 121). Fore wings without duplicated cilia; three sub-basal setae short, S1 and S3 subequal in length, pointed, S2 expanded and the longest, but S1 rarely expanded at almost as long as S2 setae. Pelta hut-shaped (Fig. 122). Abdominal tergite VIII S1 setae expanded at apex; tergite IX S1 and S2 setae pointed, S1 about 0.6 times as long as tube, S2 almost as long as tube. Tube (Fig. 123) distinctly narrowed at basal fifth, gently tapered towards apex, constricted at apex, about 0.6 times as long as head, about 2.2 times as long as basal width; terminal setae 1.4–1.5 times as long as tube .</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length about 2180 (distended). Head length 213, from anterior margin of eyes 195, width across eyes 175, maximum width across cheeks 185; eyes length 63; diameter of posterior ocelli 10; postocular setae 22–29. Maxillary bridge width 38. Antenna total length 350, segments III–VIII length (width) as followings: 45 (23), 48 (28), 53 (25), 48 (23), 50 (20), 30 (15). Pronotum length 215, width 218. Setae on prothorax: aa 18–20, ml 14–19, pa 14–25, epim 34–36. Fore wing length 740. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 9 –10, S2 15 –18, S3 15 –18. Pelta length 73, width 125. Tergite IX setae: S1 84, S2 128–133. Tube length 132, basal width 60; terminal setae 189–193.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length 1.4–1.7mm. Very similar to female in structure but smaller and paler. Body almost largely yellow (Fig. 117), but slightly shaded along inner margin of compound eyes and pleural areas of metathorax, posterior third of abdominal segment IX brown, tube brown with base yellowish. Antennal segments I–VI yellow with apices of V–VI shaded, VII–VIII brown. Head (Fig. 119) angular at cheeks just behind compound eyes, maxillary stylets not reaching postocular setae, their distance slightly wider than in female, about 0.2 times as wide as head.</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in µm). Body length about 1410 (distended). Head length 178, from anterior margin of eyes 165, width across eyes 145, maximum width across cheeks 148; eyes length 60; diameter of posterior ocelli 10; postocular setae 18–20. Maxillary bridge width 45. Antenna total length 296, segments III–VIII length (width) as followings: 38 (23), 43 (24), 43 (21), 40 (20), 43 (18), 25 (13). Pronotum length 140, width 163. Setae on prothorax: aa 10–16, ml 10–11, pa 10–13, epim 30. Fore wing length 570. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 5, S2 9 –12, S3 10. Pelta length 58, width 85. Tergite IX setae: S1 43 –48, S2 40. Tube length 115, basal width 43; terminal setae 153–160.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: female, Thailand, nr. Kanchanaburi, on bamboo, 30.viii.1991, TN &amp; SO . Paratypes: 23 females &amp; 5 males collected together with holotype .</p><p>Comments. This species is very similar to P. bellatulus in female body color, but it can easily be distinguished from the latter species by the following features: antennal segments III and IV with (0+1) and (1+1 +1) sense cones respectively (those segments each with (1+1) sense cones in bellatulus); head, thorax and abdominal segment VIII largely yellow in male (head, thorax and abdominal segment VIII largely brown in male in bellatulus).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812404507E64C5F9DEAF6FFD2C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812406507864C5FCC5ABC0FC30.text	03E287812406507864C5FCC5ABC0FC30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips asiaticus Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Podothrips asiaticus sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 125–133)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length 2.0– 2.4mm. Body bicolored (Fig. 125). Head, prothorax, pleural areas of pterothorax and abdominal segments VIII –X brown; both meso- and metanota and meso- and metasterna yellow or slightly shaded; abdominal segments I– VII yellow, tergites III – VII each with an anteromedian brown marking but paler on VII. Fore femora brown, fore tibiae yellow with outer margin slightly shaded, fore tarsi yellow; mid- and hind legs yellow. Antennal segment I brown, segment II brown with apex slightly yellow, segments III – VI yellow, but VI slightly shaded at distal third, segment VII yellow with distal third shaded, segment VIII brown. Fore wings pale, slightly shaded at middle; major body setae pale. Head 1.2 times as long as wide (Fig. 127), 1.23 times in holotype, widest just behind compound eyes, without lateral tooth. Cheeks distinctly serrate, weakly rounded and weakly but somewhat distinctly narrowed towards base, slightly constricted near base. Postocular setae short and pointed, 153µm apart from each other in holotype. Posterior ocelli relatively small, about 70µm apart from each other. Antennal segment III with (1+1) sense cones, segments IV and V each with (1+1 +1) sense cones; antennal segment VIII not constricted at base. Ratio length/width of antennal segments III – VIII (Fig. 133) in holotype as followings: 2.0, 1.9, 2.1, 2.2, 2.7, 2.7. Maxillary stylet reaching postocular setae, their distance about 0.1 times as wide as width across cheeks. Pronotum (Fig. 127) almost as long as wide, almost smooth and weakly sculptured along posterior margin, with a longitudinal line at middle; aa, ml and epim expanded at apex, aa a little longer than ml, pa pointed, epim the longest. Prosternum (Fig. 129) and mesopresternum typical of the genus. Metanotum almost smooth medially, median pair of setae small, about 60µm apart from each other, 95µm apart from anterior margin in holotype. Fore femora often slightly rugose at ventro-external portion, without inner tubercles or hump; fore tibial inner apical tooth distinct (Fig. 130). Fore wings without duplicated cilia; three sub-basal setae short, S1 and S2 subequal in length and expanded at apex, S3 setae pointed and almost as long as or slightly shorter than S2. Pelta hut-shaped (Fig. 131). Abdominal tergite VIII S1 setae expanded at apex; tergite IX S1 and S2 setae pointed, S1 about 0.6–0.7 times as long as tube, S2 almost as long as tube or a little longer. Tube (Fig. 132) distinctly narrowed at basal sixth, tapered to apex, slightly constricted at apex, about 0.6 times as long as head, about 2.0 times as long as basal width; terminal setae about 1.4 times as long as tube .</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length about 2420 (distended). Head length 238, from anterior margin of eyes 218, width across eyes 185, maximum width across cheeks 193; eyes length 78; diameter of posterior ocelli 10; postocular setae 27. Maxillary bridge width 48.Antenna total length 379, segments III–VIII length (width) as followings: 50 (25), 55 (29), 53 (25), 51 (23), 53 (20), 35 (13). Pronotum length 220, width 220. Setae on prothorax: aa 21–25, ml 15–16, pa 27, epim 40–43. Fore wing length 850. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 23, S2 20 –23, S3 13 –15. Pelta length 58, width 130. Tergite IX setae: S1 96–97, S2 150–151. Tube length 148, basal width 63; terminal setae 213–215.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length 1.7–1.8mm. Very similar to female in structure, but smaller and paler. Thorax yellow but slightly shaded with brown at pleural areas of pterothorax (Fig. 126); all legs yellow; antennal segment I pale brown, II pale brown with apex pale. Head (Fig. 128) usually with distinct serrations at cheeks, maxillary stylets not reaching postocular setae, and their distance wider than in female, about 0.3 times as wide as width across cheeks.</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in µm). Body length about 1690 (distended). Head length 193, from anterior margin of eyes 175, width across eyes 158, maximum width across cheeks 163; eyes length 68; diameter of posterior ocelli 13; postocular setae 15–18. Maxillary bridge width 55. Antenna total length 330, segments III–VIII length (width) as followings: 50 (24), 50 (25), 48 (24), 45 (20), 48 (18), 28 (11). Pronotum length 165, width 180. Setae on prothorax: aa 21, ml 11–14, pa 17, epim 35. Fore wing length 650. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 10 –13, S2 13 –15, S3 13 –15. Pelta length 60, width 83. Tergite IX setae: S1 54, S2 40 –45. Tube length 103, basal width 50; terminal setae 170–173.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: female, Thailand, nr. Chiang Mai, Hong kai, on bamboo, 4.ix.1991, TN &amp; SO . Paratypes: Thailand, 24 females and 9 males collected together with holotype; 1 female, foot of Doi Inthanon, on grass, 4.ix.1991, TN &amp; SO ; 1 female, Fang, on bamboo, 23.viii.1992, SO; nr. Chiang Mai: Doi Suthep, on bamboo , 9 females and 3 males, 1.ix.1991, TN &amp;SO, 8 females and 6 males, 24.viii.1992, TN &amp; SO, 1 male, 2.ix.1992, SO; 2 females, Pha Hean, on bamboo, 3.ix.1992, TN ; 1 female, Chiang Rai, on bamboo, 4.ix.1992, SO; 1 female and 1 male, Doi Inthanon, on bamboo, 29.viii.1992, TN &amp; SO ; 12 females and 4 males, Hang Dong, on bamboo, 25.viii.1992, SO ; 12 females and 2 males, Chiang Mai, on bamboo, 2.ix.1991, TN &amp; SO; 3 females and 1 male, Farm of Chiang Mai University, on bamboo, 26.viii.1992, TN ; 28 females and 11 males, Mae-sa, on bamboo, 3.ix.1991, TN &amp; SO ; 26 females and 21 males, Chiang Dao, on bamboo, 23.viii.1992, TN &amp; SO ; 25 females and 21 males, nr. Chiang Mai, Phrow, on bamboo, 22.viii.1992, TN &amp; SO .</p><p>Non-paratypic specimens. Thailand, 1 male, Chiang Mai, Farm of Chiang Mai University, on bamboo, 26.viii.1992, TN. Vietnam, 18 females and 8 males, Lam Dong Province, Finom Ward, Don Duong, on bamboo, 25.xii.2001, SO; 1 female and 1 male, Thai Nguten Province, on bamboo, 22.viii.2000, SO; Son La Province: 4 females, Moc Chau, on bamboo, 5.iii.2000, SO; 1 female, Deo Pha Din, on bamboo, 13.viii.2000, SO.</p><p>Doubtful specimens. Thailand, 1 male, nr. Chiang Mai, Mae-sa, on bamboo, 3.ix.1991, TN &amp; SO ; 1 female, foot of Doi Inthanon, on grass, 4.ix.1991, TN &amp; SO</p><p>Comments. This species is described from Thailand based on a good number of females and males, and is very similar to P. taiwanus sp. nov. described below. It can be distinguished from taiwanus by the key above. Especially, males can clearly be distinguished from each other by the color of prothorax and the serration of the cheeks. The pronotum is yellow and the cheeks are usually with distinct serrations in asiaticus, whereas the pronotum is brown and the head with weak serration in taiwanus . In the male, this species cannot be distinguished satisfactorily from P. flavipes sp. nov. described below, but it can be distinguished by the difference in the shape of S1 setae on tergite IX as in the key couplet 16 above. P. bellatulus is also similar to this species in the female body color and the shape of tube, but it can be distinguished by the following: antennal segment IV with (1+1 +1) sense cones (with (1+1) sense cones in bellatulus); pterothorax largely yellow except for pleural areas brown in female (thorax largely brown in both sexes in bellatulus); cheeks distinctly serrated in male (weakly serrated in bellatulus). The male is somewhat similar in color to P. semiflavus but has antennal segment IV with (1+1 +1) sense cones. The specimens from Vietnam listed under the non-paratypic specimens are probably conspecific, but have the prothoracic anteroangular and midlateral setae slightly longer and the male prothorax often slightly shaded. A female and a male from Thailand listed under the doubtful specimens are very similar to this species, but these have the tube much shorter (120µm in female, 88µm in male).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812406507864C5FCC5ABC0FC30	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812400507864C5FBCCA8ADF96A.text	03E287812400507864C5FBCCA8ADF96A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips bellatulus Okajima	<div><p>Podothrips bellatulus Okajima</p><p>(Figs 134–135)</p><p>Podothrips bellatulus Okajima, 1978: 29 .</p><p>This species was described from Phuket Island, South Thailand, based on one female and one male. However, a good number of additional specimens listed below have been collected subsequently mostly from the type locality. In the original description, Okajima described the metathorax as brown anterolaterally and abdominal tergites III–V each with a brown anterior marking (Fig. 134). However, in the additional specimens examined the metanotum is often largely brown and tergites VI–VII also often have a weak marking. This species is very similar to P. femoralis from Yunnan, China, in having the fore wing without duplicated cilia and similar body color. However, bellatulus has antennal segment IV with (1+1) sense cones ((1+1 +1) sense cones in femoralis), and the prothoracic posteroangular setae usually pointed (expanded in femoralis).</p><p>Specimens examined. Thailand, holotype female and paratype (allotype) male, Phuket, on bamboo, 19.viii.1976, SO; Phuket, Phuket Hill, on bamboo, 6 females and 5 males, 27.viii.1991, 6 females and 2 males, 9.ix.1992, TN &amp; SO; 4 females and 1 male, Phuket, Gu gu suri Road, on bamboo, 24.viii.1991, TN &amp; SO; Phuket, nr. Rawai Beach, on bamboo, 38 females and 22 males, 26.viii.1991, 7 females &amp; 6 males, 15.ix.1992, TN &amp; SO; 1 male, nr. Kanchanaburi, on bamboo, 30.viii.1991, TN &amp; SO .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812400507864C5FBCCA8ADF96A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812400507A64C5F8FBA974F98C.text	03E287812400507A64C5F8FBA974F98C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips bicolor Seshadri & Ananthakrishnan 2025	<div><p>Podothrips bicolor Seshadri &amp; Ananthakrishnan, stat. rev.</p><p>(Figs 136–137)</p><p>Podothrips bicolor Seshadri &amp; Ananthakrishnan, 1954: 221 .</p><p>This species was described from Madras, India, and recorded subsequently from Singapore (Ritchie 1974). In this study, it is recorded from Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand and Minamidaitô Is., the Daitô group of Islands, Japan, for the first time. Minamidaitô Is. is a small oceanic island located about 340km east of Okinawa Is. The population of this island is somewhat isolated, and there is a possibility that it has invaded recently from elsewhere. P. bicolor is very similar to P. sasacola from Japan, and Ritchie distinguished it from sasacola by the following features: antennal segment IV with (1+1 +1) sense cones (with (1+1) in sasacola); sub-basal wing setae S1 and S2 expanded, S3 pointed (all sub-basal wing setae pointed in sasacola); fore wing with a median brown shading (generally scarcely shaded with brown in sasacola); prothoracic midlateral setae short and pointed (usually short and pointed, rarely weakly expanded in sasacola). Recently, however, Tyagi et al. (2020) synonymized P. bicolor with P. sasacola, because when they examined 50 bicolor specimens from India, 10 specimens had (1+1 +1) sense cones but the remaining specimens had (1+1) on the antennal segment IV. They may have considered bicolor and sasacola to be the intraspecific variation in same species, but they did not seem to compare them with sasacola from Japan, according to the specimens described in the text. Furthermore, they did not mention the other morphological differences that Ritchie had indicated at all. In our careful observations, bicolor can be distinguished from sasacola by the following character states: antennal segments I and II brown, almost concolorous with head (Fig. 137) (yellow, distinctly paler than head in sasacola (Fig. 143)); head a little broader, distinctly narrowed towards base (Fig. 137) (a little narrower, weakly narrowed towards base in sasacola (Fig. 143)); prothoracic major setae except for posteroangulars expanded (prothoracic major setae except for epimerals pointed or very weakly expanded in sasacola); sub-basal wing setae S1 and S2 usually expanded (all three sub-basal setae pointed in sasacola); tergite IX setae S2 1.4 –1.7 times as long as tube (1.0–1.1 times as long as tube in sasacola); tube shorter than 130µm in female, about 0.5 times as long as head (usually about 140µm in female, about 0.6 times as long as head in sasacola). Because of these differences we here recall bicolor from synonymy with sasacola . We do not know if the specimens with (1+1) sense cones examined by Tyagi et al. from India are an intraspecific variation of bicolor or a different species.</p><p>The specimens examined listed below from India, Southeast Asia and Japan exhibit structural variation in the shape and form of certain setae, such as postocular setae, prothoracic setae and sub-basal wing setae. It is difficult to know whether these specimens contain additional distinct species or not. The postocular setae are long and pointed in the specimens from India but those are rather shorter and expanded in the specimens from Singapore (Ritchie, 1974). In our observation, the prothoracic posteroangular setae are usually expanded in the specimens from Southeast Asia and Japan, and are rarely pointed. The sub-basal wing setae S1 are rarely pointed in the specimens from Singapore. The postocular setae are rarely blunt or pointed in the specimens from Peninsular Malaysia. Moreover, the male posteromarginal setae S1 on tergite IX of the specimens from India are pointed, whereas those setae are expanded, or at least blunt, in the specimens from Singapore, Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand and Japan. In a long series of specimens from Thailand examined here, a few specimens have (1+1) sense cones on the antennal segment IV, but it is difficult to determine whether the small outer sense cone is absent or missing.</p><p>The description of this species is given below based on the specimens from Thailand, because the original description is insufficient for the present study.</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length 1.7–2.3mm. Body bicolored (Fig. 136). Head, prothorax and abdominal segments VIII–X brown but segment VIII slightly yellowish in anterior to antecostal suture; pterothorax yellow with pleural areas shaded, abdominal segments I–VII yellow, tergites III–VI each with a brown marking anteromedially. All legs yellow. Antennal segments I–II brown with apex of II yellowish, III–V yellow, VI yellow with distal third shaded, VII brown with base yellowish, VIII brown. Fore wings pale, slightly shaded with brown at middle. Head widest just behind compound eyes (Fig. 137), without lateral tooth. Postocular setae developed, pointed, blunt or expanded. Cheeks rounded and somewhat distinctly narrowed towards base, slightly constricted near base.Antennal segment III with (1+1) sense cones, IV usually with (1+1 +1) sense cones, but often with (1+1), V with (1+1 +1) sense cones; segment VIII not constricted at base. Maxillary stylet reaching postocular setae. Prothoracic aa, ml and epim expanded, pa pointed, blunt or expanded. Fore femora unarmed; fore tibial inner apical tooth weak. Fore wings without duplicated cilia, sub-basal setae short, S1 and S2 expanded, S3 setae pointed. Pelta hut-shaped. Abdominal tergite VIII S1 setae expanded; tergite IX S1 and S2 setae pointed, S1 about 0.7 times as long as tube, S2 about 1.7 times as long as tube. Tube almost straight-sided, tapered to apex, about 0.5 times as long as head, 2.2 times as long as basal width.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length 1.6–2.0mm. Very similar in color and structure to female, but smaller; abdominal tergite IX with S1 setae pointed or expanded.</p><p>Specimens examined. India, 2 males, Bangalore, Lal Bagh, on bamboo, 25.iii.1964, T. N. Ananthakrishnan ; 1 female, Chalakudi, on bamboo, 5.xii.1964, T. N. Ananthakrishnan . Thailand, 1 female and 1 male, Kamphaeng Saen, Campus of Kasetsart University, on bamboo, 12.i.1988, SO ; 4 females, Nakornprathom, Puttamonton, on bamboo, 18.ix.1991, J.Pornthip ; 1 male, Hang Dong, on bamboo, 25.viii.1992, SO; Bangkok, Bangkhen, Campus of Kasetsart University, NBCRC, on bamboo , 4 females, 28.xii.1987, SO, 4 females and 2 males, 11.i.1988, SO, 5 females and 2 males, 22.viii.1990, TN &amp;SO; 2 females and 1 male, Chiang Mai, on bamboo, 2.ix.1991, TN &amp; SO; 56 females and 17 males, Phuket, Gu gu suri Road, on bamboo, 24.viii.1991, TN &amp; SO ; 7 females and 4 males, Phuket Is., nr. Rawai Beach, on bamboo, 15.ix.1992, TN &amp; SO ; 14 females and 8 males, nr. Rawai Beach, on bamboo, 26. Viii.1991, TN &amp; SO . Singapore, 11 females and 7 males, Macritchie Res., on bamboo, 17.viii.1990, TN &amp; SO. Peninsular Malaysia, 21 females and 2 males, Tapha, on bamboo, 17.ix.1990, TN &amp; SO . Japan, Okinawaken, Minamidaitô-jima Is., on bamboo , 1 females, 21.iii.2008, K. Minoura. 12 females and 6 males 22.iii.2016, K. Minoura. 9 females and 6 males, 22.iii.2016, Kurahashi.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812400507A64C5F8FBA974F98C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812402507B64C5F950A8F7F899.text	03E287812402507B64C5F950A8F7F899.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips etsukoae Minoura & Masumoto	<div><p>Podothrips etsukoae Minoura &amp; Masumoto</p><p>(Figs 144–153)</p><p>Podothrips etsukoae Minoura &amp; Masumoto, 2020: 294 .</p><p>This species was described from Thailand based on 5 females and 5 males. These show intraspecific variation in the shape of fore wing sub-basal setae and the male body color. It is peculiar in that the left and right prosternal basantral plates tend to be connected posteriorly (cf. Fig. 149). In a non-paratypic male, the sub-basal wing setae S1 are expanded and abdominal tergite VI has a brown anteromedian marking. It is somewhat similar to P. semiflavus in having similar color pattern, the postocular setae pointed and antennal segment V with (1+1 +1) sense-cones, but can be distinguished from the latter by having the fore wing with duplicated cilia, and the pronotal major setae and sub-basal wing setae S2 expanded .</p><p>The specimens from Vietnam listed below under the doubtful specimens (Figs 146–153) are very similar to this species. However, they are slightly different from etsukoae in the following features: head entirely brown (yellowish posteriorly in etsukoae); abdominal segment VIII entirely brown in both sexes (largely brown, but anterior portion yellowish in female, largely yellow in male in etsukoae); three sub-basal wing setae pointed (sub-basal wing setae S2 expanded in etsukoae); fore wing with 4–7 duplicated cilia (with 2–4 duplicated cilia in etsukoae); metanotal median pair of setae short, about 15µm long in female (more than 20µm in etsukoae). These differences are minor, and it is not possible to know whether they are local populations of the same species until more specimens are examined.</p><p>Specimens examined. Thailand, holotype female and all paratypes (4 females and 5 males), and 1 non-paratypic male (see Minoura &amp; Masumoto, 2020).</p><p>Doubtful specimens. Vietnam, 6 females and 4 males, Thua Thien Hue Prov., Phu Loc District, Bach Ma National Park, on bamboo, 14.viii.2007, SO .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812402507B64C5F950A8F7F899	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781240C507464C5FF65A866FDE5.text	03E28781240C507464C5FF65A866FDE5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips femoralis Dang & Qiao	<div><p>Podothrips femoralis Dang &amp; Qiao</p><p>Podothrips femoralis Dang &amp; Qiao, in Dang, Zhao, Wang &amp; Qiao 2019: 43.</p><p>This species was described from Yunnan, China, based on four females, but unfortunately these were not available for this study. According to the original description, this species is very similar in appearance to P. asiaticus sp. nov., P. bellatulus from Thailand and P. taiwanus sp. nov. from Taiwan, although the authors originally compared it with P. sasacola from Japan. From asiaticus and taiwanus, femoralis can be distinguished by the prothoracic posteroangular setae expanded and the metathorax largely brown. From bellatulus, femoralis can be distinguished by antennal segment IV with (1+1 +1) sense cones, the metathorax largely brown and the prothoracic posteroangular setae expanded. P. bicolor is also similar to this species in having antennal segment IV with (1+1 +1) sense cones, but has the fore femora largely yellow.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781240C507464C5FF65A866FDE5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781240C507464C5FD7BA875FAB2.text	03E28781240C507464C5FD7BA875FAB2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips ferrugineus Okajima	<div><p>Podothrips ferrugineus Okajima</p><p>(Fig. 251)</p><p>Podothrips ferrugineus Okajima, 1978: 32 .</p><p>This species was described from Peninsular Malaysia and Phuket Is., South Thailand, based on one female and two males, and is recorded here from Vietnam and Sabah, Borneo, for the first time. Contrary to the original description, antennal segment IV of this species has a small outer sense cone in addition to two major sense cones, (1+1 +1), but it is sometimes very difficult to observe. There are four species that have the head with lateral teeth on the cheeks just behind the compound eyes. Among them, two species, P. distinctus from India and P. ferrugineus, are uniformly brown species (Ananthakrishnan 1965), but the remaining two species, P. erami from Iran and P. canizoi from India, are bicolored brown and yellow (Minaei 2015; Bhatti 1978). From distinctus, this species can easily be distinguished by having the mid and hind tibiae brown, antennal segment IV with (1+1 +1) sense cones, the prothoracic major setae expanded except for reduced anteromarginals, and the fore wings with duplicated cilia.</p><p>Specimens examined. Peninsular Malaysia, holotype female (see Okajima 1978) . Thailand: 2 paratype males (including allotype) (see Okajima 1978); 1 female, Chiang Rai, on bamboo, 4.ix.1992, SO; 16 females and 10 males, Phuket, Gu gu suri Road, on bamboo, 24.viii.1991 , TN &amp; SO; Phuket, nr. Rawai Beach, on bamboo, 1 female and 1 male, 26.viii.1991, 8 females and 4 males on bamboo, 15.ix.1992, TN &amp; SO. Vietnam, 1 male, Dong Nai Province, Tan Phu, Phu An, on dead leaves and branches, 29.xii.2001 , SO; 1 female, Nghe An Prov., Anh Son District, Cao Son, ca 35m alt., on bamboo, 9.viii.2007 , SO. Borneo: 1 male, Sabah, nr. Keningaw, Taman Bunsit, on bamboo, 2.ix.1990 , TN &amp; SO.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781240C507464C5FD7BA875FAB2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781240C507664C5FA32A96AFC80.text	03E28781240C507664C5FA32A96AFC80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips flavipes Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Podothrips flavipes sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 154–161)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length 2.1–2.3mm. Body bicolored (Fig. 154). Head and abdominal segments VIII–X brown, but segment VIII usually slightly yellowish before antecostal suture; thorax yellow but metathoracic pleural areas shaded with brown; abdominal segments I–VII yellow, tergites III–VII each with an anteromedian brown marking, but paler on VII. All legs yellow, but fore tibiae shaded at outer margin. Antennal segments I–II brown with apex of II yellowish; III–VII yellow with apices of V–VII shaded; VIII brown. Fore wings pale, slightly shaded at middle; major body setae pale. Head about 1.2 times as long as wide (Fig. 155), 1.23 times in holotype, widest just behind compound eyes, without lateral tooth. Cheeks rounded but somewhat distinctly narrowed towards base, slightly constricted near base. Postocular setae rather developed, pointed, 153µm apart from each other in holotype. Posterior ocelli 65µm apart from each other in holotype. Antennal segment III with (1+1) sense cones, segments IV and V each with (1+1 +1) sense cones; segment VIII not constricted at base. Ratio length/width of antennal segments III–VIII (Fig. 161) in holotype as followings: 2.1, 2.0, 2.2, 2.2, 2.9, 2.5. Maxillary stylet reaching postocular setae, their distance about 0.1 times as wide as width across cheeks. Pronotum (Fig. 155) about 0.9 times as long as wide, almost smooth and weakly sculptured along posterior margin, with a longitudinal line at middle; aa, ml and epim expanded, pa pointed, epim the longest. Prosternum and mesopresternum typical of the genus (Fig. 158). Metanotum almost smooth anteromedially; median pair of setae 58µm apart from each other, 80–84µm apart from anterior margin in holotype. Fore femora unarmed; fore tibial inner apical tooth distinct (Fig. 157). Fore wings without duplicated cilia; sub-basal wing setae short, S1 and S2 subequal in length, expanded, S3 shorter than S2, pointed. Pelta hut-shaped (Fig. 159). Abdominal tergite VIII S1 setae expanded; tergite IX S1 pointed or blunt, S2 pointed, S1 about 0.7 times as long as tube; S2 almost as long as tube. Tube (Fig. 160) distinctly narrowed at basal one-eighth, weakly tapered towards apex, constricted at apex, 0.6 times as long as head, about 2.3 times as long as basal width; terminal setae 1.4–1.5 times as long as tube.</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length about 2250 (distended). Head length 238, from anterior margin of eyes 218, width across eyes 185, maximum width across cheeks 193; eyes length 78; diameter of posterior ocelli 15; postocular setae 37–40. Maxillary bridge width 45. Antenna total length 384, segments III–VIII length (width) as followings: 53 (25), 55 (28), 55 (25), 50 (23), 56 (19), 33 (13). Pronotum length 203, width 225. Setae on prothorax: aa 24–33, ml 18–19, pa 26–33, epim 45–48. Fore wing length 810. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 23, S2 23 –28, S3 15. Pelta length 78, width 120. Tergite IX setae: S1 105–106, S2 143–145. Tube length 143, basal width 63; terminal setae 193–209.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length 1.4–1.6mm. Very similar to female in color and structure, but smaller. Maxillary stylets not reaching postocular setae, their distance wider than that of female, about 0.3 times as wide as width across cheeks (Fig. 156). Abdominal tergite IX with S1 setae expanded.</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in µm). Body length about 1450 (distended). Head length 183, from anterior margin of eyes 170, width across eyes 150, maximum width across cheeks 153; eyes length 63; diameter of posterior ocelli 13; postocular setae 20–22. Maxillary bridge width 58. Antenna total length 314, segments III–VIII length (width) as followings: 43 (23), 48 (24), 45 (23), 41 (20), 48 (18), 28 (11). Pronotum length 135, width 153. Setae on prothorax: aa 14–18, ml 13–15, pa 14–16, epim 30–35. Fore wing length 550. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 15, S2 20, S3 13 –15. Pelta length 55, width 80. Tergite IX setae: S1 46 –47, S2 38. Tube length 99, basal width 43; terminal setae 150–153.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: female, Thailand, Kamphaeng Saen, Campus of Kasetsart University, on bamboo, 12. i.1988, SO . Paratypes: Thailand, 9 females and 1 male collected together with holotype; Bangkok, Bangkhen, Campus of Kasetsart University, NBCRC, on bamboo , 1 female and 1 male, 28.xii.1987, SO, 2 females, 22.viii.1990, TN &amp; SO; 1 male, Nakornprathom, Puttamonton, on bamboo, 18.ix.1991, J. Pornthip .</p><p>Non-paratypic specimens. Thailand, 1 male, Bangkok, Bangkhen, Campus of Kasetsart University, on dead branches, 19.viii.1991, TN &amp; SO .</p><p>Comments. This species is very similar to P. bicolor in having similar body color, antennal segment IV with (1+1 +1) sense cones, the fore wings without duplicated cilia, and the sub-basal wing setae S1 and S2 expanded. However, flavipes has the prothorax largely yellow in both sexes, though bicolor has the prothorax largely brown in both sexes. Moreover, flavipes is somewhat similar to a widely distributed species, P. semiflavus, in having the body color similar. It can be distinguished by the following features: antennal segment IV with (1+1 +1) sense cones (with (1+1) sense cones in semiflavus); fore wing sub-basal setae S1 and S2 expanded (all sub-basal wing setae pointed in semiflavus); male tube much shorter, about 100µm (about 140µm in semiflavus); male tergite IX with S1 setae expanded at apex (pointed in semiflavus). A male listed under the non-paratypic specimen has S1 setae on the abdominal tergite IX blunt at apex, at least not expanded</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781240C507664C5FA32A96AFC80	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781240E507764C5FC51A983FDC4.text	03E28781240E507764C5FC51A983FDC4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips gracilicornis Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Podothrips gracilicornis sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 162–169)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length 2.1–2.5mm. Body bicolored (Fig. 162). Head, prothorax and abdominal segments VIII –X brown; pterothorax yellow with pleural areas shaded with brown; abdominal segments I– VII yellow, tergites III – VII each with an anteromedian brown marking, but paler on VII. All legs yellow. Antennal segment I brown, II brown with apex paler; III – VI yellow, apices of V – VI shaded; VII – VIII brown. Fore wings pale, slightly shaded with brown at middle; major body setae pale. Head 1.3 times as long as wide (Fig. 163), 1.31 times in holotype, widest just behind compound eyes, without lateral tooth. Cheeks slightly rounded and weakly narrowed towards base, slightly constricted near base. Postocular setae short and pointed, 156µm apart from each other in holotype. Posterior ocelli relatively large, almost as large as anterior one, 67µm apart from each other in holotype. Antennal segment III with (1+1) sense cones; segments IV and V each with (1+1 +1) sense cones; segment VIII elongate, not constricted at base, tapered at distal half (Fig. 168). Ratio length/width of antennal segments III – VIII (Fig. 169) in holotype as followings: 2.3, 2.1, 2.7, 2.5, 2.9, 3.3. Maxillary stylet reaching postocular setae, their distance about 0.2 times as wide as width across cheeks. Pronotum (Fig. 163) about 0.9 times as long as wide, 0.93 times in holotype, almost smooth and weakly sculptured along posterior margin, with a longitudinal line at middle; aa, ml and pa pointed, epim expanded and the longest. Prosternum and mesopresternum typical of the genus (Fig. 165). Metanotum almost smooth medially; median pair of setae 57µm apart from each other, 77–82µm apart from anterior margin in holotype. Fore femora unarmed; fore tibial inner apical tooth weak (Fig. 164). Fore wings usually with 1–3 duplicated cilia (only one at left in holotype); sub-basal wing setae short and acute, at most blunt. Pelta hut-shaped (Fig. 166). Abdominal tergite VIII S1 setae blunt or pointed; tergite IX S1 and S2 setae pointed, S1 0.7 –0.8 times as long as tube, S2 about 1.5 times as long as tube. Tube (Fig. 167) slightly narrowed at basal fifth, straight-sided, weakly tapered to apex, 0.5 times as long as head, about 2.2 times as long as basal width; terminal setae1.6–1.8 times as long as tube .</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length about 2340 (distended). Head length 260, from anterior margin of eyes 238, width across eyes 193, maximum width across cheeks 198; eyes length 90; diameter of posterior ocelli 15; postocular setae 28–34. Maxillary bridge width 48. Antenna total length 415, segments III–VIII length (width) as followings: 63 (28), 58 (28), 63 (23), 53 (21), 53 (18), 43 (13). Pronotum length 213, width 230. Setae on prothorax: aa 13–16, ml 14–18, pa 21–23, epim 43. Fore wing length 830. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 15 –18, S2 12 –14, S3 15 –18. Pelta length 75, width 110. Tergite IX setae: S1 92–98, S2 194–197. Tube length 130, basal width 60; terminal setae 213–231.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: female, Thailand, nr. Chiang Mai, on bamboo, 24. viii.1992, TN &amp; SO . Paratypes: 2 females collected together with holotype; 1 female, nr. Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep, on bamboo, 2.ix.1992, SO .</p><p>Comments. This species is described from Thailand based on four females. It is very similar to P. flavipes sp. nov. described above also from Thailand, but it can be distinguished from flavipes by the following features: prothorax brown; fore wing usually with duplicated cilia (without duplicated cilia in flavipes); sub-basal wing setae S1 and S2 pointed, at most blunt, not expanded; fore tibia with weak inner sub-apical teeth (with distinct sub-apical teeth in flavipes). P. odonaspicola from Japan is also very similar to this species in having the body color pattern similar and the fore wing duplicated cilia present, but it has antennal segment IV with (1+1) sense cones, the fore tibiae without distinct inner apical tooth and the fore femora largely brown with apical one-third yellowish. Moreover, antennal segment VIII of gracilicornis is longer and more slender.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781240E507764C5FC51A983FDC4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781240F507064C5F981AE11FE28.text	03E28781240F507064C5F981AE11FE28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips lucasseni (Kruger 1890)	<div><p>Podothrips lucasseni (Krüger)</p><p>Phloeothrips lucasseni Krüger, 1890: 105 .</p><p>This species is widely distributed to India, Indochina, Java, China, Taiwan, Japan, Australia and Hawaii. It can easily be distinguished from congeners by combination of the following character states: body uniformly brown; head distinctly longer than wide; maxillary stylets rather short, retracted to the median portion between postocular setae and base; antennal segment III with (0+1) sense cone; abdominal tergite I with sclerites at both sides of pelta; all tibiae yellow. Okajima (2006) provided a full description of this species.</p><p>Specimens examined. Taiwan, Pintung Hsien, Kenting National Park, on grass, 2 females, 22.v.1972, 10 females and 3 males, 18.iii.1984, 8 females and 7 males, 19.iii.1984, SO; 2 females, Kaohsiung Hsien, Liukuei, 22.iii.1984, SO . Indonesia, Bali, 2 female, Tabanan, Bedugul, ca 1250m alt., on grass, 7.iii.2005, SO. Peninsular Malaysia, 1 female, Tapha, on grass, 26.vii.1976, SO; 3 females and 4 males, N.E. 13 Km from Tapha, sweeping, 27.vii.1976, SO . Thailand, Chiang Mai, rice field, 3 females, 4.v.1978, 1 female, 7.v.1978, 1 male, 24.vi.1979, K. Yasumatsu; 1 female, nr. Chiang Mai, foot of Doi Pui, on grass, 24.viii.1992, TN &amp; SO; 1 female, foot of Doi Inthanon, on grass, 29.viii.1992, TN &amp; SO; 8 females and 2 males, Doi Suthep, 500m alt, on grass, 8.viii.1976, SO; Kamphaeng Saen, Campus of Kasetsart University, on grass, 1 male, 22.xii.1978, 5 females and 12 males, 29.xii.1987, 20 females and 19 males, 12.i.1988, SO; 1 females and 2 males, Mangasan Ubot, Phibun, 10.xi.1977, K. Yasumatsu; 1 female and 1 male, Bannanpriew, Chacheongsao, wild rice, 12.vii.1978, K. Yasumatsu . Vietnam, 1 male, Ha Noi, Farm of Ha Noi Agricultural University, habitat unknown, 29.vii.2000, SO . Japan: 1 female and 2 males (see Okajima, 2006). Many females and males from India, Peninsular Malaysia (detailed data are omitted).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781240F507064C5F981AE11FE28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812408507064C5FDB4AF41FC3A.text	03E287812408507064C5FDB4AF41FC3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips luteus Okajima	<div><p>Podothrips luteus Okajima</p><p>(Figs 138–139)</p><p>Podothrips luteus Okajima, 1978: 34 .</p><p>This species was described from Taiwan based on a single female, but thereafter many additional specimens including males were collected from the type locality (Okajima 1986). It is peculiar in having the body largely yellow except for the head and apical two-thirds of the tube pale brown (Fig. 138). The antennal segments III and IV with (1+1) sense cones, and segment V with (1+1 +1) sense cones. The fore wings do not have duplicated cilia in almost all individuals, despite the right fore wing has one duplicated cilium in the holotype female .</p><p>Specimens examined. Taiwan, holotype female, Pingtung Hsien, Kenting National Park, on grass, 26.v.1972, SO ; same locality and habitat, 10 female and 2 males, 18.iii.1984, 9 females and 9 males, 19.iii.1984, SO .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812408507064C5FDB4AF41FC3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812408507064C5FBCBAF09FA07.text	03E287812408507064C5FBCBAF09FA07.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips odonaspicola (Kurosawa)	<div><p>Podothrips odonaspicola (Kurosawa)</p><p>(Figs 5, 140–141, 255)</p><p>Haplothrips (Hindsiana) odonaspicola Kurosawa, 1937: 266 .</p><p>This species was described from Japan, where it commonly occurs under the leaf sheath of some bamboo species, e.g. Pleioblastus chino, P. simonii and Sasa niponica, associated with Odonaspis species ( Diaspididae). Subsequently, it has been recorded from the Andaman Islands (Sen 1980), West Bengal, India (Sen et al. 1988) and Sichuan, China (Dang et al., 2019). Unfortunately, the specimens from these localities are unavailable for this study. This species is somewhat similar to P. gracilicornis sp. nov. from Thailand, and their difference is discussed under that species. Okajima (2006) provided a full description of this species.</p><p>Specimens examined. Japan, Honshu, many females and males (detailed data omitted, see Okajima 2006).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812408507064C5FBCBAF09FA07	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812408507164C5F9D9A837FE54.text	03E287812408507164C5F9D9A837FE54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips sasacola Kurosawa	<div><p>Podothrips sasacola Kurosawa</p><p>(Figs 142–143)</p><p>Podothrips sasacola Kurosawa, 1940: 100 .</p><p>This species occurs under the sheath of bamboo and is a predator of Diaspididae, as is P. odonaspicola . It is widely distributed in the southern part of Japan, Hachijô-jima Is., Okinawa Is. and the Ogasawara Islands, and is recorded here from Honshu for the first time. Most of the bamboos that grow in the Ogasawara Islands have probably been artificially introduced, and it is thought that P. sasacola was introduced together with bamboo from the Ryukyu Islands. This is because there are records of many plant species being artificially transported to Ogasawara from Okinawa Is., the Ryukyu Islands. Recently Dang et al. (2019) recorded this species from Sichuan, China, but that population is somewhat isolated from the distribution range of sasacola in Japan. It varies in some structures between local populations, such as body color and length of posteromarginal setae S1 on the abdominal tergite IX (Okajima, 2006). The fore wing usually has no duplicated cilia, although infrequently one cilium is present. This species is very similar to P. bicolor and Tyagi et al. (2020) treated these two species as a single species, but they are treated here as different species (see above, under bicolor). Okaijma (2006) provided a full description of this species.</p><p>Specimens examined. Japan, many females and males from Hachijo Is., Okinawa Is. and the Ogasawara Islands (detailed data are omitted, see Okajima 2006). Additional record : Japan, 3 females, Honshu, Chiba-ken, Tateyamashi, Mera, on bamboo, 12.vi.1999, TN .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812408507164C5F9D9A837FE54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812409507164C5FE28ABC5FBF2.text	03E287812409507164C5FE28ABC5FBF2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips semiflavus Hood	<div><p>Podothrips semiflavus Hood</p><p>Podothrips semiflavus Hood, 1913: 67 .</p><p>This species was described from Puerto Rico based on several females and males taken from a grass species, Panicum barbinode . Subsequently, a synonymous species, P. aegyptiacus was described from Egypt by Priesner (1929). It has widely been recorded from U.S.A. (Florida and Puerto Rico), Cyprus, Jamaica, Uganda, Egypt, India (Bhatti 1962), Myanmar (Shumsher 1947) and Guangdong, China (Dang et al. 2019). It usually inhabits sugar cane and other economic Poaceae (Ritchie 1974), and therefore can be considered as having been artificially transported with these plants and spread widely. According to the original description, this species is blackish brown at sides of metathorax, but the pterothorax is largely brown in some specimens from Uganda (Ritchie 1974). A female and a male from Uganda listed below as examined were studied by Richie and have dark brown pterothorax. In contrast, a female recorded recently from Guangdong, China, has the pterothorax entirely yellow (Fig. 19 in Dang et al., 2019). Despite the large difference in color of the pterothorax, the reason for identifying it as semiflavus is not stated at all by Dang et al. Unfortunately, these East Asian specimens have not been available for this study.</p><p>Specimens examined. Uganda, Lugazi, ex Aulacaspis regalensis on sugar cane, 1 female, 16.i.1969, 1 male, 31.i.1969, D.J. Greathead .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812409507164C5FE28ABC5FBF2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812409507364C5FB73AF4AFDBD.text	03E287812409507364C5FB73AF4AFDBD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Podothrips taiwanus Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Podothrips taiwanus sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 170–177)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length 2.2–2.4mm. Body bicolored (Fig 170). Head, prothorax, metathoracic pleural areas and abdominal segments IX–X brown; mesonotum usually yellowish brown, rarely yellow; abdominal segment VIII brown with anterior fourth and median half yellowish; metathorax yellow with episternum shaded; abdominal segments I– VII yellow, tergites III – VI (or VII) each with an anteromedian brown marking, those on VI and VII paler. Fore femora brown, fore tibiae yellow with outer margin shaded, fore tarsi yellow; mid- and hind legs yellow. Antennal segment I brown, II brown with apex yellowish; III – VI yellow, but VI rarely shaded at distal third; VII – VIII usually brown, VII often yellowish at basal two-thirds. Fore wings pale, slightly shaded brown at middle; major body setae pale. Head 1.3 times as long as wide (Fig. 171), 1.31 times in holotype, widest just behind compound eyes, without lateral tooth. Cheeks weakly serrate, rounded and weakly narrowed towards base, slightly constricted near base. Postocular setae short and pointed, about 150µm apart from each other in holotype. Posterior ocelli smaller than anterior ocellus, about 70µm apart from each other in holotype. Antennal segment III with (1+1) sense cones, segments IV and V each with (1+1 +1) sense cones; segment VIII not constricted at base. Ratio length/ width of antennal segments III – VIII (Fig. 177) in holotype as followings: 1.9, 1.8, 2.1, 2.2, 2.4, 2.8. Maxillary stylet reaching postocular setae, their distance about 0.2 times as wide as width across cheeks. Pronotum (Fig. 171) almost as long as wide, almost smooth and weakly sculptured along posterior margin, with a longitudinal line at middle; aa, ml and epim expanded, pa pointed, epim the longest. Prosternum and mesopresternum typical of the genus (Fig. 174); basantra elongate, about twice as long as wide in holotype. Metanotum almost smooth medially, median pair of setae 58µm apart from each other, 83–85µm apart from anterior margin. Fore femora unarmed; fore tibial apical tooth distinct (Fig. 173). Fore wings without duplicated cilia; sub-basal wing setae short, S1 and S2 subequal in length, expanded, S3 pointed, shorter than S2. Pelta hut-shaped (Fig. 175). Abdominal tergite VIII S1 setae expanded; tergite IX S1 and S2 setae pointed, S1 0.7 times as long as tube, S2 almost as long as tube. Tube (Fig. 176) somewhat narrowed at basal sixth, straight-sided, weakly tapered towards apex, 0.6 times as long as head, 2.2 times as long as basal width; terminal setae 1.4–1.5 times as long as tube .</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length about 2390 (distended). Head length 243, from anterior margin of eyes 220, width across eyes 180, maximum width across cheeks 185; eyes length 75; diameter of posterior ocelli 13; postocular setae 37–39. Maxillary bridge width 38. Antenna total length 386, segments III–VIII length (width) as followings: 53 (28), 55 (30), 58 (28), 50 (23), 51 (21), 37 (13). Pronotum length 223, width 228. Setae on prothorax: aa 23–26, ml 14, pa 23–29, epim 38–43. Fore wing length 800. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 18, S2 18, S3 15. Pelta length 80, width 120. Tergite IX setae: S1 104–107, S2 147–155. Tube length 150, maximum width 68; terminal setae 205–218.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length 1.7–1.9mm. Very similar to female in color and structures, but smaller and paler. All legs yellow, pterothorax paler; abdominal segment VIII largely yellow with both sides shaded. Cheeks with weak serrations; maxillary stylets not reaching postocular setae, their distance a little wider than that of female, about 0.2 times as wide as head (Fig. 172).</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in µm). Body length about 1910 (distended). Head length 215, from anterior margin of eyes 198, width across eyes 153, maximum width across cheeks 165; eyes length 73; diameter of posterior ocelli 13; postocular setae 17–29. Maxillary bridge width 50. Antenna total length 343, segments III–VIII length (width) as followings: 48 (25), 53 (28), 53 (25), 45 (23), 48 (18), 33 (11). Pronotum length 185, width 195. Setae on prothorax: aa 17, ml 9–11, pa 22, epim 35. Fore wing length 710. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 15 –18, S2 15 –18, S3 13 –15. Pelta length 63, width 108. Tergite IX setae: S1 65–67, S2 45. Tube length 128, basal width 53; terminal setae 178–183.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: female, Taiwan, Kaohsiung-hsien, Liukuel, on bamboo, 5.ix.1993, TN &amp; SO . Paratypes: Taiwan, 19 females and 11 males collected together with holotype; 13 females and 9 males, Taitunghsien, Chihpen, 10.ix.1993, TN &amp; SO.</p><p>Comments. This species is described from Southern Taiwan. It is similar to P. femoralis Dang et al. described from Yunnan, China in the body color and the antennal segment IV with (1+1 +1) sense cones. However, it may can be distinguished from femoralis by the following features (in parentheses are the features of femoralis): metathorax largely yellow except for pleural areas (pterothorax largely brown); pronotal posteroangular setae pointed (expanded); pronotal midlateral setae very small, much shorter than anteroangular setae (developed, almost as long as anteroangular setae); terminal tube setae 1.4–1.5 times as long as tube (about 1.7 times as long as tube). Moreover, the tube of taiwanus is somewhat longer, 150µm long and about 0.6 times as long as head, while that of femoralis is 140µm long and about 0.5 times as long as head. P. bellatulus described from Thailand is also similar to this new species in the body color, but it can be distinguished from taiwanus by the followings: antennal segment IV with (1+1) sense-cones; basantra shorter, much shorter than twice as long as wide; metathorax brown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812409507364C5FB73AF4AFDBD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781240B506C64C5FD40AFE7FD85.text	03E28781240B506C64C5FD40AFE7FD85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Praepodothrips Priesner & Seshadri	<div><p>Praepodothrips Priesner &amp; Seshadri</p><p>Praepodothrips Priesner &amp; Seshadri, 1952: 407 . Type-species: Praepodothrips indicus Priesner &amp; Seshadri, by original designation.</p><p>Previously, seven species were listed in this genus, of which four species were described from India, two from China (Hainan and Yunnan) and one from Palawan, the Philippines. It is very similar to Okajimathrips and Podothrips in having well-developed metathoracic sternopleural sutures, and these three genera seem to constitute a natural group within the Haplothripini . Moreover, they share the body somewhat flattened and the fore tarsal tooth well-developed in both sexes, and these structures appear to be adapted to live under the leaf sheaths of bamboo and/or grass and preying on scale insects. From Okajimathrips and Podothrips, Praepodothrips can be distinguished by the prosternal basantra shorter than the width and the fore tibiae unarmed. Furthermore, P. indicus, type of the genus, has the fore tarsal tooth arising from just behind the tarsal inner margin apex. Three species have been found from Southeast Asia, of which P. causiapeltus is recorded from Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam, P. indicus is recorded from Thailand for the first time, and a remaining species, P. sonlae sp. nov., is described newly from Vietnam. As a result, five species were recognized from East Asia, including two species from China, P. flavicornis from Hainan and P. yunnanensis from Yunnan.</p><p>Among eight species including a new species, two species, P. causiapeltus and P. priesneri, have three (1+2) and four (2+2 +1) sense cones on antennal segments III and IV respectively. In contrast, the remaining species each have two (1+1) sense cones on those segments, but P. nigrocephalus from India has only one (0+1) sense cone on segment III. Most other character states are very similar, and we judge here that these eight species belong to a single genus. Interspecific variation within a genus in the number of sense cones present is not particularly uncommon, and is ubiquitous within the Haplothripini (Okajima &amp; Masumoto 2025a, 2025b).</p><p>Diagnosis. Body slightly flattened, usually macropterous. Head longer than wide, with a pair of postocular setae. Postocular setae arose near cheeks. Eyes and ocelli well-developed. Antennae eight-segmented; segment III with (0+1), (1+1) or (1+2) sense cones, segment IV with (1+1) or (2+2 +1) sense cones. Mouth cone short and rounded; maxillary stylets retracted rather short and wide apart, at least not reaching postocular setae; maxillary bridge present. Prothorax with three or four pairs of expanded setae, am reduced, ml often reduced; notopleural sutures complete. Basantra present, wider than long. Mesopresternum transverse; metathoracic sternopleural sutures well-developed, furcal arms separated from one another (cf. Fig. 252), without spinula. Fore tarsal tooth present in both sexes, fore tibiae unarmed. Fore wings weakly constricted medially (cf. Fig. 256), with duplicated cilia. Pelta hat-shaped, often trapezoid. Tergites II–VII with two pairs of wing-retaining setae. Tube shorter than head, straight-sided; terminal setae much longer than tube. Male sternite VIII without pore plate.</p><p>Key to Praepodothrips species from East Asia</p><p>[excluding P. yunnanensis]</p><p>1. Antennal segments III and IV with (1+2) and (2+2 +1) sense cones respectively; head a little longer than wide, about 1.1 times as long as wide (Fig. 180)...................................................................... causiapeltus</p><p>-. Antennal segments III and IV each with (1+1) sense cones; head longer, much more than 1.1 times as long as wide (cf. Fig. 187)................................................................................................ 2</p><p>2. Body bicolored yellow and brown (Figs 185 &amp; 186), at least anterior abdominal segments yellowish, in contrast with brown head and thorax.................................................................................. indicus</p><p>-. Body uniformly brown to dark brown..................................................................... 3</p><p>3. Maxillary bridge narrow, about one-fourth as wide as head (Fig. 193); postocular and prothoracic major setae blunt or weakly expanded; prothoracic anteroangular setae and midlateral setae well developed; sub-basal wing setae S1 and S2 subequal in length................................................................................... sonlae sp. nov.</p><p>-. Maxillary bridge wider, about one-third as wide as head (Fig. 199); postocular and prothoracic major setae pointed; prothoracic anteroangular and midlateral setae not developed; sub-basal wing setae S1 much shorter than S2.............. flavicornis</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781240B506C64C5FD40AFE7FD85	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812414506C64C5FD52AF14F919.text	03E287812414506C64C5FD52AF14F919.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Praepodothrips causiapeltus Reyes	<div><p>Praepodothrips causiapeltus Reyes</p><p>(Figs 178–184)</p><p>Praepodothrips causiapeltus Reyes, 1994: 469 .</p><p>This species was described from Palawan, the Philippines, based on one female and five males collected from Bambusa sp. leaf sheath. Although the type specimens have been unavailable for this study, a series of specimens from Southeast Asia listed below are indistinguishable from the original description. Thus, these specimens are identified as P. causiapeltus in this study, and it is recorded here from Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam for the first time. Contrary to the original description, according to Dang et al. (2014), the holotype female and one paratype male of causiapeltus has (2+2 +1) sense cones on antennal segment IV and two pairs of expanded posteromarginal setae on tergite IX (see Fig. 140 in Dang et al.). Specimens from Southeast Asia also coincide with these features. It is probably very closely related to P. priesneri from India, but it may can be distinguished by the well-developed prothoracic midlateral setae and the expanded S1 and S2 setae on tergite IX. The male of this species shows extreme allometric growth. In addition, the pelta of this species is variable in shape, hat-shaped to trapezoid (Figs 182 &amp; 183). Moreover, the length and shape of the prothoracic anteromarginal setae are also variable, short and pointed to moderately long and weakly dilated.</p><p>Specimens examined. Thailand, 6 females and 4 males, Bangkok, Bangkhen, Campus of Kasetsart University, NBCRC, on bamboo, 22.viii.1990 , SO; Phuket, Phuket Hill, on bamboo, 9 females and 7 males, 27.viii.1991, 7 females and 6 males, 9.ix.1992, TN &amp; SO; Phuket, nr. Rawai Beach, on bamboo, 1 female, 26.viii.1991, 15 females and 9 males, 15.ix.1992, TN &amp; SO; 5 females and 6 males, nr. Kanchanaburi, on bamboo, 30.viii.1991, TN &amp; SO; 1 male, Chiang Mai, on bamboo, 2.ix.1991, TN &amp; SO; 2 males, Chiang Dao, on bamboo, 23.viii.1992 , TN &amp; SO; 1 female, nr. Cgiang Mai, Doi Inthanon, on bamboo, 29.viii.1992 , TN &amp; SO; 1 male, Chiang Mai, Farm of Chiang Mai University, on bamboo, 26.viii.1992 , TN; 1 female, nr. Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep, on bamboo, 2.ix.1992 , SO; 3 females and 1 male, nr. Chiang Mai, Ka Jan, on bamboo, 3.ix.1992 , SO. Vietnam, 39 females and 17 males, Hoa Binh Province, Hoa Binh, on bamboo, 6.iii.2000, SO; Ha Tay Province, Mt. Ba vi, on bamboo , 12 females and 6 males, 8.iii.2000, 2 females, 29.vii.2000, SO; 1 male, Bac Can Province, Ba Be National Park, on bamboo, 2.viii.2000 , SO; 17 females and 13 males, Thai Nguyen Province, on bamboo, 22.viii.2000, SO; 1 male, Lam Dong Province, Bao Loc, Dam Bri, on bamboo, 26.xii.2001 , SO; 2 females, Nghe An Province, Thanh Chuong District, Thanh An, Cau Cau, 9.viii.2007 , SO. Peninsular Malaysia, 1 male, Tapah, on bamboo, 17.ix.1990 , TN &amp; SO.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812414506C64C5FD52AF14F919	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812414506D64C5F8F9ABC8FEC0.text	03E287812414506D64C5F8F9ABC8FEC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Praepodothrips flavicornis (Zhang)	<div><p>Praepodothrips flavicornis (Zhang)</p><p>(Fig. 199)</p><p>Antillothrips flavicornis Zhang, 1984: 18 .</p><p>This species was described under the genus Antillothrips from Hainan Island, South China. It is apparently somewhat similar to P. sonlae sp. nov. from Vietnam described below, but it may can be distinguished by the key above. Zhang states in the original description that antennal segment IV has (1+2 +1) sense cones, but actually it is (1+1) (Okajima 1995b).</p><p>Specimen-examined. China, 1 paratype female, Hainan Is., Jianfeng Mountain, 400m, on Miscanthus sinensis, 4.iv.1980, Zhang Weiqiu .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812414506D64C5F8F9ABC8FEC0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812416506E64C5FF65AEC8FD15.text	03E287812416506E64C5FF65AEC8FD15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Praepodothrips indicus Priesner & Seshadri	<div><p>Praepodothrips indicus Priesner &amp; Seshadri</p><p>(Figs 185–190)</p><p>Praepodothrips indicus Priesner &amp; Seshadri, 1952: 408 .</p><p>This species was described from Valparai, southern India, based on an unspecified number of females and males taken from ‘most likely Graminae sp.’. It is recorded here from Thailand for the first time based on a good number of females. Pitkin (1976) indicated that all the legs of this species were yellow, despite, according to Sheela et al. (2015), a syntype male (this male labelled as ‘Holotype’) has the legs distinctly shaded with grayish brown. Moreover, the coloration of the intermediate abdominal segments and legs are variable in the specimens from Thailand (cf. Figs 185 &amp; 186), but almost consistent in structure with the original description and that of Pitkin (1976). Only females have been known from Thailand so far.</p><p>Specimens examined. Thailand, 1 female, Doi Suthep, 500m alt., on grass, 8.viii.1976, SO ; 1 female, Sarabri, Farm of Kasetsart University, on grass, 20.viii.1991, TN &amp; SO; nr. Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep , 1 female, on bamboo, 23 females, on grass, 1.ix.1991, TN &amp; SO, 2 females, on grass, 2.ix.1992, SO; 17 females, foot of Doi Suthep, on grass, 24.viii.1992, SO ; 1 female, nr. Chiang Mai, Pha Hean, habitat uncertain, 3.ix.1992, SO .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812416506E64C5FF65AEC8FD15	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812416506F64C5FCFDA878F84D.text	03E287812416506F64C5FCFDA878F84D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Praepodothrips sonlae Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Praepodothrips sonlae sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 191–198)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 2.2–2.4mm. Body brown (Fig. 191). Femora brown, fore femora with extreme apices scarcely paler; fore tibiae yellow, mid and hind tibiae brown; tarsi yellow. Antennal segments I–II and VIII pale brown, segment II yellowish antero-externally; segments III–VI yellow; segment VII yellow to pale brown, gradually darkened distally. Fore wings and major body setae pale. Head about 1.2 times as long as wide (Fig. 192), widest across cheeks at a level of postocular setae, dorsal surface with a few transverse wrinkles at middle, with transverse reticulation at base. Cheeks rounded, weakly serrated. Postocular setae shorter than eyes, blunt or very weakly expanded, 168µm apart from each other, 20–24µm apart from eyes in holotype. Eyes about one-third of head length, about 90µm apart from each other. Posterior ocelli slightly separated from eyes, 47µm apart from each other. Antennae (Fig. 197) about 1.5 times as long as head; segment VIII scarcely constricted at base, 0.78 times as long as segment VII; segment III longer than segment IV; segments III and IV each with (1+1) sense cones. Maxillary stylets not reaching postocular setae, rather close together; maxillary bridge distinct (Fig. 193), about one-fourth of head width or a little wider, situated at basal one-fourth of head. Pronotum (Fig. 192) well-developed, 0.74 times as long as head, 1.28 times as wide as long in holotype, almost smooth; four pairs of major prothoracic setae developed, blunt or weakly expanded, am reduced; ml longer than aa, epim the longest, almost as long as postocular setae. Prospinasternum longer than wide (Fig. 194). Mesopresternum transverse. Mesonotum weakly reticulate, lateral setae short and pointed, about 15µm long. Metanotum weakly sculptured with polygonal reticulation; median pair of setae short and acute, 52µm apart from each other, 75–77µm apart from anterior margin of metanotum in holotype. Fore tarsal tooth small (Fig. 198). Fore wing with 5–6 duplicated cilia; sub-basal setae S1 and S2 weakly expanded, S3 blunt or very weakly expanded. Pelta hat-shaped (Fig. 195), sculptured weakly, about 1.8 times as wide as long. Tergite IX S1 and S2 setae pointed or bluntly pointed, shorter than tube, S2 longer than S1; intermediate setae shorter than half of S1. Tube (Fig. 196) about 0.5 times as long as head, about 1.8 times as long as wide; terminal setae long, about 1.8 times as long as tube.</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length 2230 (distended). Head length 243, from anterior margin of eyes 225, width across eyes 194, maximum width across cheeks 203, minimum width across base 150; eyes length 80; diameter of posterior ocelli 15–17; postocular setae 55. Maxillary bridge width 53. Antenna total length 370, segments III–VIII length (width) as follows: 57 (28), 52 (26), 50 (26), 47 (22), 45 (20), 35 (12). Pronotum length 180, width 230. Setae on prothorax: aa 35, ml 38, pa 43–44, epim 56–58. Fore wing length 800. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 29 –30, S2 25 –30, S3 25 –30. Pelta length 72, width 130. Tergite IX setae: S1 105–110, S2 115–118. Tube length 124, maximum width 69; terminal setae 220–225.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length: about 2.0mm. Very similar to macropterous female in color and structure. Pronotum 0.73 times as long as head, about 1.3 times as wide as long; fore wing with 5 duplicated cilia; tergite IX S2 setae a little longer than half of S1.</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in µm). Body length about 2000 (distended). Head length 223, from anterior margin of eyes 207, width across eyes 181, maximum width across cheeks 185, minimum width across base 140; eyes length 78; diameter of posterior ocelli 13–17; postocular setae about 50. Maxillary bridge width 58. Antenna total length 370, segments III–VIII length as follows: 55, 55, 52, 45, 45, 34. Pronotum length 163, width 212. Setae on prothorax: aa about 20, ml about 30, pa 50, epim 55. Fore wing length 760. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 33, S2?, S3?. Pelta length 71, width 117. Tergite IX setae: S1 105–110, S2 55 –60. Tube length 117, maximum width 63; terminal setae 225.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Vietnam, Son La Province, Deo Pha Din, on bamboo, 13.viii.2000, SO . Paratypes: Vietnam, 2 females and 1 male, collected together with holotype .</p><p>Comments. This species is described from Vietnam based on three females and one male taken from bamboo. Similar to two previously known species, P. cymbapogoni and P. flavicornis, it has the body uniformly brown and antennal segments III and IV each with (1+1) sense cones. From cymbapogoni, sonlae can easily be distinguished by having brown mid and hind tibiae. From flavicornis, the most similar species, sonlae may can be distinguished by the maxillary bridge much narrower than one-third of the head width, and the prothoracic anteroangular and midlateral setae well-developed.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812416506F64C5FCFDA878F84D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812410506864C5FF65A9EFFDC9.text	03E287812410506864C5FF65A9EFFDC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Praepodothrips yunnanensis Zhang & Tong	<div><p>Praepodothrips yunnanensis Zhang &amp; Tong</p><p>Praepodothrips yunnanensis Zhang &amp; Tong, 1993: 13 .</p><p>This species was described from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China, based on eight females and two males observed from Miscanthus sinensis and Perotis indica ( Poaceae). Unfortunately, it was not available for this study. In the original description, Zhang and Tong stated that P. yunnanensis is closely related to P. priesneri . However, although priesneri has antennal segments III and IV with (1+2) and (2+2 +1) sense cones respectively, yunnanensis was described as having (1+1) sense cones on these segments. This species likely to be more closely related to P. flavicornis also from China rather than priesneri (Ananthakrishnan 1956; Pitkin 1976). Moreover, no clear distinction from flavicornis can be found in the original description, and further study is needed.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812410506864C5FF65A9EFFDC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812410506864C5FDA9ABB7F97E.text	03E287812410506864C5FDA9ABB7F97E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Propesolomonthrips Reyes	<div><p>Propesolomonthrips Reyes</p><p>Propesolomonthrips Reyes, 1994: 473 . Type-species: Propesolomonthrips mindorensis Reyes, by monotypy.</p><p>This monobasic genus was erected for P. mindorensis based on a unique holotype male collected from bamboo in Mindoro Is., the Philippines, and is probably a member of the Phlaeothrips -lineage. It was originally compared with Solomonthrips and Phylladothrips, because these genera unusually have two pairs of wing-retaining setae on abdominal tergite VIII. However, these three genera are probably not closely related to each other. Apparently Propesolomonthrips is somewhat similar to Solomonthrips, but the latter genus has the prothoracic anteroangular setae reduced and may be related to litter-inhabiting Mystrothrips and/or Terthrothrips . Phylladothrips has the maxillary stylets long and close together and the prothoracic anteromarginal setae usually reduced, and it may be related to Apelaunothrips and/or Adraneothrips . Because in Propesolomonthrips the maxillary stylets are short and scarcely retracted into the head capsule, as well as a similar habitat on bamboo, there is a possibility that this genus is more closely related to one of the bamboo-inhabiting phlaeothripines, Bamboosiella . It is distinguishable from typical Bamboosiella species by having prosternal basantra, wing-retaining setae present on tergite VIII and the metanotum sculptured with closely spaced longitudinal striae or reticulation. The type-species, P. mindorensis, is very similar in appearance to Bamboosiella rugata described from Guangdong in China. According to Zhao et al. (2018), B. rugata also has closely spaced longitudinal reticulation on the metanotum and weakly developed basantra, but there is no mention of wing-retaining setae on abdominal tergite VIII. Moreover, B. sculpta from Hainan, China, has the metanotum with somewhat intermediate, roughly longitudinal reticulation. Therefore, there is a possibility that Propesolomonthrips represents an exceptional species within the genus Bamboosiella .</p><p>Diagnosis. Known only from macropterae, major body setae stout and expanded. Head almost as long as wide, or a little longer, dorsal surface distinctly reticulate, with a pair of postocular setae. Postocular setae arose behind mid-point of eyes. Eyes and ocelli well-developed. Antennae eight-segmented, segment VIII slightly constricted at base; segment III and IV with (1+1) and (1+2 +1) sense cones respectively. Mouth cone short and rounded; maxillary stylets short, scarcely retracted into head capsule, V-shaped; maxillary bridge absent, at least invisible. Pronotum with 5 pairs of expanded setae; notopleural sutures complete. Basantra present. Mesopresternum transverse; sternopleural sutures absent, metaspinula present. Fore tarsi unarmed in both sexes. Fore wings weakly constricted medially, with duplicated cilia. Pelta hat-shaped. Tergites II–VIII with 2 pairs of wing-retaining setae. Tube straight-sided, shorter than head; terminal setae a little shorter than tube. Male: sternite VIII without pore plate; tergite IX S2 setae much shorter than S1.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812410506864C5FDA9ABB7F97E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812410506A64C5F91BAB2BF9D4.text	03E287812410506A64C5F91BAB2BF9D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Propesolomonthrips mindorensis Reyes	<div><p>Propesolomonthrips mindorensis Reyes</p><p>(Figs 201–206)</p><p>Propesolomonthrips mindorensis Reyes, 1994: 475 .</p><p>Previously this species has been known only from the unique holotype male taken from bamboo in Mindoro Is., the Philippines. One additional female is recorded here from Mindanao Is., but it was taken from dead branches instead of bamboo. It is very similar to the holotype male in color and structure, and is briefly described below .</p><p>Nine females (Figs 208–211) and seven males collected from Java, Indonesia, Peninsular Malaysia and Vietnam listed below under the doubtful specimens are apparently very similar to this species, and most of them were collected from bamboo. Moreover, these specimens are not clearly distinguishable from the original description of Bamboosiella rugata, and there is a possibility that they are same species. These specimens are slightly different from mindorensis in several structures as follows: postocellar setae longer than a diameter of posterior ocellus; prothoracic anteroangular setae shorter; prospinasternum larger; metanotal sculptures more or less coarser (Fig. 210); pelta sculptured with polygonal reticulation (Fig. 211), instead of longitudinal reticulation (Fig 205); lateral wings of pelta with lateral corners rounded (Fig. 211), instead of pointed (Fig. 205); tergite VIII with only posterior pair of wing-retaining setae in female from Peninsular Malaysia and Vietnum; tergite IX S2 setae of female stouter, clearly expanded at apex, instead of blunt. Thus, two taxonomic problems are involved. One is whether these should be distinguished from Bamboosiella and kept in the genus Propesolomonthrips . The other is whether mindorensis and rugata are different species, or these two are local populations of the same species. In any case, further study will be required in comparison with the original specimens of B. rugata . One important character state, the wing-retaining setae on tergite VIII is not mentioned in the original description of rugata .</p><p>Female (macroptera) from Mindanao Is. (This specimen is not in good condition. In particular, the head and antennae are tilted upwards in front). Distended body length: about 1.4mm. Color (Fig. 201) very similar to male. Head a little longer than wide (Fig. 202), widest across eyes; postocellar setae shorter than diameter of posterior ocellus. Eyes well-developed, wider apart ventrally, 0.45 times as long as head. Posterior ocelli about 17µm apart from each other. Postocular setae 96µm apart from each other. Pronotum (Fig. 202) 0.54 times as long as head, about 2.1 times as wide as long, with distinct transverse wrinkles on basal one-third; five pairs of major setae stout, aa and ml shorter than ml, epim a little shorter than postocular setae. Basantra relatively well-developed (Fig. 203). Prospinasternum relatively large. Mesonotal lateral setae long and stout, expanded, about 30µm long. Metanotal median pair of setae 55µm apart from each other, about 30µm apart from anterior margin of metanotum. Fore wings with 4 duplicated cilia; sub-basal setae S2 shorter than S1, S1 and S3 subequal. Tergite IX S2 setae very weakly expanded, longer than S1; intermediate setae about half of S1. Tube (Fig. 207) 0.64 times as long as head, about 2.0 times as long as wide. Other structures including the wing-retaining setae on the tergite VIII are very similar to male description.</p><p>Measurements (macropterous female from Mindanao Is. in µm). Body length 1420 (distended). Head length 160, from anterior margin of eyes 140, width across eyes 140, maximum width across cheeks 138, minimum width across base 118; eyes length 75; diameter of posterior ocelli 15–20; postocular setae 45. Antenna total length 270, segments III–VIII length as follows: 36, 38, 37, 38, 35, 23. Pronotum length 86, width 178. Setae on prothorax: am 35, aa 20, ml 25, pa 41–43, epim about 40. Fore wing length 610. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 40, S2 30, S3 40. Pelta length 50, width 83. Tergite IX setae: S1 65, S2 82–83. Tube length 103, maximum width 50; terminal setae about 110.</p><p>Measurements (macropterous female listed under doubtful specimens from Vietnam in µm). Body length 1380 (distended). Head length 150, from anterior margin of eyes 131, width across eyes 138, maximum width across cheeks 133, minimum width across base 111; eyes length 67; diameter of posterior ocelli 12–13; postocular setae 45–50. Antenna total length 290, segments III–VIII length as follows: 40, 39, 38, 38, 32, 30. Pronotum length 85, width 161. Setae on prothorax: am 38, aa? 30, ml? 40, pa 42–43, epim about 50. Fore wing length 540. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 38, S2 45, S3 40. Pelta length 53, width 67. Tergite IX setae: S1 65–67, S2 72–75. Tube length 97, maximum width 48; terminal setae 91-95.</p><p>Specimens examined. The Philippines, 1 female, Mindanao Is., Mt. Apo, Agko, alt about 1300m, on dead branches, 30.vii.1979, SO .</p><p>Doubtful specimens (these specimens may well be identified to Bamboosiella rugata). Indonesia, Java, 3 females and 5 males, Banyuwangi, Malan Sari, on bamboo, 27.viii.2005, SO. Peninsular Malaysia, 1 female, about 20km N from Kuala Lumpur, Templer Park, on grass, 15.viii.1990, TN &amp; SO . Vietnam, Lam Dong Province, Bao Loc, Dam Bri, on bamboo, 2 females and 1 male, 26.xii.2001, 2 females and 1 male, 27.xii. 2001, 1 female, 28.xii.2001, SO .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812410506A64C5F91BAB2BF9D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812412506B64C5F9BDA8DAFC30.text	03E287812412506B64C5F9BDA8DAFC30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Squamothrips Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Squamothrips gen. nov.</p><p>Small-sized phlaeothripine species possibly belonging to the Phlaeothrips -lineage; body somewhat thick and distinctly reticulate, with one pair of wing-retaining setae on abdominal tergite VIII and major body setae thick and distinctly dilated. Head almost as long as wide (Fig. 213), distinctly sculptured with raised polygonal reticulation, with a pair of postocular setae. Cheeks with several stout setae. Eyes and ocelli normal. Antenna eight-segmented; segment VIII conical (Fig. 220), widely joined to segment VII; segments III–VI pedicellate; segments III and IV each with (1+1) sense cones. Mouth cone rather long and pointed; maxillary stylets long and close together at middle, maxillary guide well-developed, maxillary bridge absent. Prothorax with five pairs of major setae; notopleural suture complete. Basantra absent (Fig. 214); prospinasternum transverse. Pterothorax a little wider than long; mesonotum entirely reticulate; metanotum with a pair of stout median setae. Mesopresternum transverse, but narrow. Metathoracic sternopleural sutures present (Fig. 217). Fore wing scarcely constricted at middle (Fig. 219), with duplicated cilia. Fore tarsus unarmed at least in female. Pelta irregularly shaped (Fig. 216). Abdominal tergites II–VII each with two pair of wing-retaining setae, which are rather stout and close together (Fig. 221); tergite VIII with a pair of simply curved wing-retaining setae at middle (may well be homologous with anterior pair). Posteromarginal setae S1and S2 on tergite IX much shorter than tube, intermediate setae between S1 and S2 minute. Tube straight-sided, tapering, shorter than head; terminal setae shorter than tube.</p><p>Type-species. Squamothrips crassus sp. nov.</p><p>Comments. This genus is somewhat similar in appearance to some genera included in the Liothrips -lineage, e.g. Eurhynchothrips and Psephenothrips, in having the body slightly thickened, maxillary stylets long and close together and the prosternal basantra absent. But Squamothrips probably belongs in the Phlaeothrips -lineage, because it has two sense cones on both antennal segments III and IV. Moreover, it is characterized by having the anterior pair of wing-retaining setae on abdominal tergite VIII. Usually, the wing-retaining setae are present on tergites II to VII and only rarely on tergite VIII in Phlaeothripinae . These unusual wing-retaining setae on tergite VIII are found only in a few genera, such as Andrethrips, Lizalothrips, Phylladothrips, Propesolomonthrips and Solomonthrips, and usually two pairs are present, but two Lizalothrips species and Phylladothrips bispinosus have only the anterior pair of these setae. In addition, one Oriental Terthrothrips species, T. strasseni, also has the anterior pair on tergite VIII. However, Squamothrips does not appear to have a close relationship with any of these genera, because there are no important features in common with these genera other than wing-retaining setae. The distinctly reticulate body and distinctly dilated stout body setae of this genus are somewhat similar to those of Azaleothrips and its relatives (Okajima &amp; Masumoto 2014). Moreover, Azaleothrips similarly has both right and left wing-retaining setae situated rather close together (cf. Fig. 221) and often has short and simply curved anterior pair of wing-retaining setae on tergite VIII. These two genera, Squamothrips and Azaleothrips, may have a common ancestor. From Azaleothrips, it can easily be distinguished by the postocular setae arising near the cheeks.</p><p>The genus name is derived from the Latin ‘ squama ’ meaning scales. The type-species has scale-like sculptures on the surface of the body. Gender: masculine.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812412506B64C5F9BDA8DAFC30	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812413506464C5FBC1A853FE54.text	03E287812413506464C5FBC1A853FE54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Squamothrips crassus Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Squamothrips crassus sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 212–221)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.38–1.52mm. Body brown (Fig. 212). Legs largely yellow, fore and mid femora scarcely shaded with brown. Antennal segments I– II and VII – VIII brown, but segment II paler antero-externally; segments III – VI yellow, segment VI weakly shaded with brown distally. Fore wings and major body setae pale. Head almost as long as wide (Fig. 213); mid-dorsal setae well-developed, rather stout, 16–20µm length, blunt or weakly pointed (left one blunt, but right one weakly expanded in holotype). Cheeks very weakly rounded, with several stout setae, blunt or weakly expanded. Postocular setae shorter than eyes, 112µm apart from each other, 18–20µm apart from eyes in holotype. Eyes a little longer than one-third of head length, ommatidia slightly separated from each other. Ocelli relatively small; posterior pair slightly separated from eyes, 29µm apart from each other in holotype. Antennal segment III weakly swollen sub-basally; segment VII the longest (Fig. 220). Mouth cone reaching a level of ferna. Pronotum (Fig. 213) about 0.9 times as long as head, 1.62 times as wide as long in holotype; almost entirely reticulate, but reticle weaker than that on head, with a few discal setae that are somewhat stout, blunt, often weakly expanded, median longitudinal apodeme absent. Ferna rather small (Fig. 214), wider apart from one another; prospinasternum about 75µm wide. Metanotum strongly sculptured with polygonal reticulation (Fig. 215), median pair of setae about 25µm long, 56µm apart from each other, about 70µm apart from anterior margin of metanotum in holotype. Dorsal surface of fore femur with more than 10 stout setae, blunt or very weakly expanded. Fore wing with 6–7 duplicated cilia in holotype. Tergite IX S1 setae a little longer than S2. Tube (Fig. 218) about 0.7 times as long as head .</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length 1520 (distended). Head length 145, from anterior margin of eyes 140, width across eyes 138, maximum width across cheeks 146, minimum width across base 135; eyes length 52; diameter of posterior ocelli 9–12; postocular setae 36–38. Antenna total length about 300, segments III–VIII length (width) as follows: 40 (25), 39 (27), 37 (25), 38 (23), 43 (18), 27 (10). Pronotum length 130, width 210. Setae on prothorax: am 25, aa?25, ml?, pa 35, epim about 50. Fore wing length 520. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 25, S2 25, S3 35. Pelta length 55, width 55. Tergite IX setae: S1 66–70, S2 56 –60. Tube length 103, maximum width 48; terminal setae 83–90.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Thailand, nr. Chiang Mai, Pha Sang, on grass, 31.viii.1992. TN &amp; SO . Paratypes: Thailand, nr. Chiang Mai, 1 female, foot of Doi Saket, 25.viii.1992, TN &amp; SO, 1 female, Ka Jan, on bamboo, 3.ix.1992, SO, 1 female, Pha Hean, 3.ix.1992, SO .</p><p>Comments. This species is described from near Chiang Mai, northern Thailand, based on four females collected on different occasions. Two of the females were collected from bamboo and grass respectively, but the habitat of the remaining two females is uncertain .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812413506464C5FBC1A853FE54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781241D506564C5FF65AB8CFD10.text	03E28781241D506564C5FF65AB8CFD10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Takeazamiuma Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Takeazamiuma gen. nov.</p><p>(Figs 61, 71–74, 81–82)</p><p>From Veerabahuthrips, this genus can be distinguished by the following characteristics: head not protruded in front of compound eyes (Figs 71 &amp; 72) (distinctly protruded in Veerabahuthrips); cheeks without constriction behind eyes (Figs 71 &amp; 72) (with distinct constriction in Veerabahuthrips); mesonotum with median cleft incomplete, scarcely reaching middle (Figs 73 &amp; 74) (complete or nearly complete in Veerabahuthrips, cf. Figs 69 &amp; 70).</p><p>Type-species. Takeazamiuma exilis (Okajima) comb. nov.</p><p>Comments. This genus is closely related to Veerabahuthrips, but probably also related to Mychiothrips . The relationship between these genera is discussed in detail under Mychiothrips above. Two species are transferred from Veerabahuthrips to this new genus: Takeazamiuma exilis (Okajima) comb. nov. and Takeazamiuma simplex (Okajima) comb. nov. These two species can easily be distinguished from each other by the key couplet 2 in Okajima (1993b, P. 728). Unfortunately, little is known about these thrips other than that they live on bamboo. There are no new findings to be revised for these two species.</p><p>The genus name is derived from two Japanese words, ‘ take ’ and ‘ azamiuma ’ meaning ‘bamboo’ and ‘thrips’ respectively. Gender: feminine.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781241D506564C5FF65AB8CFD10	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781241D506564C5FCEDAEF0F9A8.text	03E28781241D506564C5FCEDAEF0F9A8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thaithrips Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Thaithrips gen. nov.</p><p>Small-sized phlaeothripine species, with several large colored ommatidia (Fig. 224), possibly belonging to the Haplothripini . Head much longer than wide, with a pair of short postocular setae. Eyes moderately developed, with ommatidia rather small and slightly separated from each other, scattered with some colored ommatidia, which are large and distinctly swollen, on ventro-lateral and ventral surfaces. Ocelli well-developed; posterior ocelli in contact with eyes, far apart from each other; interocellar and postocellar setae minute. Antenna eight-segmented (Fig. 229); segment III with (0+1), segment IV with (1+1) sense cones at least in type-species. Mouth cone short and rounded; maxillary stylets wider apart, sub-parallel, almost reaching middle of head capsule; maxillary bridge distinct. Pronotum moderately developed; three pairs of prothoracic setae developed but rather short, am and ml reduced. Prothoracic notopleural suture complete. Prosternal basantra and ferna well developed (Fig. 226). Mesopresternum transverse. Metathoracic sternopleural sutures absent. Metanotum sculptured with polygonal reticulation, with a pair of short median setae. Fore legs short; fore tarsus with a tooth. Fore wings (Fig. 228) almost parallel-sided, at least not strongly constricted medially, without duplicated cilia. Abdominal tergite II–VII each with two pairs of sigmoid wing-retaining setae, posterior pairs on tergite III–VI well developed. Tube shorter than head, tapering and straight-sided. Terminal setae longer than tube.</p><p>Type-species. Thaithrips unicolor sp. nov.</p><p>Comments. Although this new genus has the fore wings not distinctly constricted medially, it presumably belongs to the tribe Haplothripini . However, the generic relationships of Thaithrips among the Haplothripini is not clear, as the structure of the compound eyes which have several large colored ommatidia on the ventral and ventro-lateral surface, may be unusual in the tribe. Similar ommatidia are found commonly in the family Thripidae and subfamily Idolothripinae of the family Phlaeothripidae, but their function is uncertain. This genus may be related to Vietothrips gen. nov. described below, and the distinction between them is discussed under Vietothrips .</p><p>The genus name is derived from the type locality ‘Thai’ or ‘Thailand’. Gender: masculine.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781241D506564C5FCEDAEF0F9A8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781241D506664C5F935A951FAD0.text	03E28781241D506664C5F935A951FAD0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thaithrips unicolor Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Thaithrips unicolor sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 222–230)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.8–1.9mm. Body uniformly brown (Fig. 222), tube somewhat darker. Femora brown, tibiae brown with anterior half yellowish, tarsi yellow. Antennal segments I– II and VI – VIII brown, almost concolorous with head, segment III pale brown with outer portion slightly yellowish, with yellow basal neck, segment IV and V pale brown with basal one-third very slightly yellowish. Fore wings very slightly brownish medially. Prominent setae pale. Head elongate (Fig. 223), about 1.7 times as long as width across cheeks; dorsal surface almost smooth. Cheeks weakly rounded, with no remarkable setae. Postocular setae much shorter than eyes, weakly expanded. Eyes about 0.4 times as long as head, colored large ommatidia on ventro-lateral surface almost as large as posterior ocelli. Posterior ocelli 13–15µm in diameter, 27µm apart from each other, 20–22µm apart from anterior one in holotype. Antennae (Fig. 229) about 1.3 times as long as head; intermediate segments subequal in length; segment VIII scarcely constricted at base. Maxillary stylets scarcely reaching middle of head, about half of head width apart, maxillary bridge 47µm width in holotype. Pronotum (Fig. 223) 0.63 times as long as head and 1.12 times as wide as long in holotype; surface almost smooth, only with weak transverse reticulation near posterior margin; aa and pa short and weakly expanded; epim longer than pa. Mesonotum weakly sculptured, with two pairs of campaniform sensilla. Metanotum with weak reticulation (Fig. 225); median pair of setae short and pointed, situated at anterior one-third. Fore tarsal tooth directed latero-posteriorly. Fore wings very weakly narrowed distally (Fig. 228); three sub-basal setae of fore wings short, S1 and S2 expanded, S3 sharply pointed. Pelta bell-shaped (Fig. 227), with weak reticulation, with a pair of campaniform sensilla. Abdominal sternites III – VII with transverse row of about 10 setae. Tergites II – VIII S2 setae: II reduced, III – VI and VIII expanded, VII long and sharply pointed. Tergite IX S1 and S2 setae shorter than tube, S1 short and expanded, S2 long and pointed; intermediate setae between S1 and S2 long, almost as long as S1, or a little shorter. Tube about 0.6 times as long as head, 2.4 times as long as width. Terminal setae about 1.3 times as long as tube .</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length about 1800 (distended). Head length 220, from anterior margin of eyes 205, width 120; eyes length 80, width 42–43; postocular setae less than25. Antenna total length 285, segments I–VIII length (width) as follows: 33 (28), 40 (27), 37 (22), 37 (24), 37 (25), 38 (21), 37 (18), 30 (12). Pronotum length 138, width 155. Setae on prothorax: aa less than 15, pa about 20, epim 35–40. Fore wing length 670. Sub-basal wing setae: S3 25 –30. Tergite IX setae: S1 36 –38, S2 115. Tube length 120, maximum width 50; terminal setae 150–155.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Thailand, Bangkok, Bangkhen, Campus of Kasetsert University, NBCRC, on bamboo, 11.i.1988, SO . Paratypes: Thailand, 1 female collected with holotype; 1 female, Phuket, Gu gu suri Road, on bamboo, 24.viii.1991, TN &amp; SO .</p><p>Non-paratypic specimen. Indonesia, Java, Malang, Batu, Pujon, on bamboo, 22.VIII.2005, SO .</p><p>Comments. This species is described from Thailand and Java, Indonesia, and is known from four females all from bamboo. The holotype female was taken from bamboo together with numerous individuals of Podothrips bicolor and Okajimathrips kentingensis . The non-paratypic female from Java is very similar to the type series, but has several small differences as follows: intermediate antennal segment slightly darker; postocular setae longer; prosternal basantra rather small; tergite IX S1 setae longer.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781241D506664C5F935A951FAD0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781241E506764C5FAACAE21F863.text	03E28781241E506764C5FAACAE21F863.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Vietothrips Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Vietothrips gen. nov.</p><p>Small-sized phlaeothripine species, with several colored large ommatidia (Fig. 233), possibly belonging to the Haplothripini . Head much longer than wide (Fig. 232), with a pair of long postocular setae. Eyes moderately developed, rather close together, with ommatidia distinct, scattered with some colored ommatidia, which are large and distinctly swollen, on ventro-lateral and ventral surfaces. Ocelli well-developed; posterior ocelli recessed into eyes, rather close together; interocellar and postocellar setae minute. Antenna eight-segmented (Fig. 239); segment III with (0+1), segment IV with (1+2) sense cones at least in type-species. Mouth cone short and rounded; maxillary stylets wider apart, sub-parallel, almost reaching middle of head capsule; maxillary bridge distinct. Pronotum small (Fig. 232); four pair of prothoracic setae well-developed, am reduced. Prothoracic notopleural suture complete. Prosternal basantra and ferna well developed (Fig. 234). Mesopresternum transverse. Metathoracic sternopleural sutures absent. Metanotum sculptured with closely spaced longitudinal lines or reticules (Fig. 235), with a pir of short median setae. Fore legs short; fore tarsus with a minute inner hamus. Fore wings scarcely constricted medially (Fig. 237), with no duplicated cilia. Abdominal tergite II–VII each with two pairs of sigmoid wing-retaining setae, posterior pairs on tergite III–VI well developed. Tube shorter than head, tapering and straight-sided. Terminal setae longer than tube. Male: sternite VIII without pore plate; tergite IX S2 setae much shorter than S1; pseudovirga of genitalia slender.</p><p>Type-species. Vietothrips bicolor sp. nov.</p><p>Comments. The distinct prosternal basantra and maxillary bridge of this genus are shared with genera belonging to the Haplothripini . Moreover, the slender pseudovirga of the male genitalia is similar to those of Haplothrips species. Vietothrips is possibly related to Thaithrips, and they share compound eyes with several colored large ommatidia on ventral and ventro-lateral surface. From Thaithrips, however, it can be distinguished by the following features: body setae longer; antennal segment IV with three sense cones; eyes and ocelli rather close together; prothoracic midlateral setae well-developed; metanotum sculptured with closely spaced longitudinal lines or reticles; fore tarsus unarmed.</p><p>The genus name is derived from the type locality ‘Viêt Nam’. Gender: masculine.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781241E506764C5FAACAE21F863	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812418506064C5FF65AB4BF93C.text	03E287812418506064C5FF65AB4BF93C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Vietothrips bicolor Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Vietothrips bicolor sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 231–240)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.5–1.8mm. Body sharply bicolored brown and yellow (Fig. 231); head, thorax, abdominal segments VIII –IX and tube brown; abdominal segments I– VII yellow. Legs yellow, but fore and mid coxae brown. Antennal segments I and II brown, the remaining segments yellow, segment VIII very weakly shaded with brown. Fore wings weakly shaded with brown, somewhat paler sub-basally. Postocular and prothoracic prominent setae a little shaded, the remaining setae almost hyaline. Head about 2.0 times as long as wide (Fig. 232), widest across eyes; dorsal surface weakly sculptured with transverse reticles. Cheeks straight, with no remarkable setae. Postocular setae shorter than eyes, weakly expanded. Eyes shorter than 0.4 times as long as head, large colored ommatidia on ventro-lateral surface larger than posterior ocelli. Posterior ocelli 15µm in diameter, about 10µm apart from each other, 12–13µm apart from anterior one in holotype. Antennae (Fig. 239) about 1.1 times as long as head; segment VIII weakly constricted at base. Maxillary stylets about half of head width apart, maxillary bridge 43µm width in holotype. Pronotum short (Fig. 232), 0.41 times as long as head and 1.47 times as wide as long in holotype, sculptured laterally and posteriorly; aa, ml, pa and epim expanded; aa and ml subequal in length, shorter than postocular setae; pa and epim subequal in length, almost as long as postocular setae; cox long and sharply pointed. Mesonotum distinctly sculptured, with two pairs of campaniform sensilla. Metanotal median pair of setae minute. Three sub-basal setae of fore wing well developed and expanded. Pelta triangular (Fig. 236), very weakly sculptured, with a pair of campaniform sensilla. Abdominal sternites III – VII with transverse row of 7–10 setae. Tergites II – VIII S2 setae: II reduced, III expanded, IV – VIII long and sharply pointed. Tergite IX S1 setae much shorter than tube, expanded, S2 a little shorter than tube, sharply pointed. Tube shorter than 0.6 times as long as head, 2.4–2.5 times as long as width. Terminal setae almost as long as tube or a little longer .</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in μm). Body length about 1700 (distended). Head length 225, from anterior margin of eyes 202, width across cheeks 105, across eyes 110; eyes length 74–75, width 40–41; postocular setae 50–52. Antenna total length 250, segments I–VIII length (width) as follows: 27 (27), 40 (25), 35 (21), 33 (25), 35 (22), 31 (21), 32 (18), 25 (12). Pronotum length 92, width 135. Setae on prothorax: aa 35–40, ml 35–40, pa 50–55, epim 50, cox 70–80. Fore wing length 670. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 30 –35, S2 25 –30, S3 47 –50. Tergite IX setae: S1 55 –60, S2 115. Tube length 123, maximum width 50; terminal setae 130.</p><p>Male (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.2–1.4mm. Color and structure very similar to female. Antennae about 1.2 times as long as head. Fore tarsal inner hamus very small or absent. S2 setae on abdominal tergite III expanded; tergite IX S2 setae much shorter than S1. Tube 0.50–0.55 as long as head, about 2.7 times as long as wide.</p><p>Measurements (paratype male in μm). Body length about 1400 (distended). Head length 203, from anterior margin of eyes 185, width across cheeks 99, across eyes 103; eyes length 70, width 38–40; postocular setae 35–37. Antenna total length 250, segments I–VIII length (width) as follows: 25 (25), 35 (25), 30 (20), 28 (22), 35 (20), 35 (20), 32 (18), 25 (12). Pronotum length 90, width 123. Setae on prothorax: aa less than 20, ml less than 20, pa about 40, epim about 40, cox 45–55. Fore wing length 600. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 20 –25, S2 25 –28, S3 40 –43. Tergite IX setae: S1 40, S2 about 20. Tube length 108, maximum width 40; terminal setae 115.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Vietnam, Lam Dong Province, Bao Loc, Dam Bri, on bamboo, 26.xii.2001, SO . Paratypes: Vietnam, 5 females, collected with holotype; data very similar to holotype, 9 females and 2 males, 27.xii.2001, 23 females and 13 males, 28.xii.2001.</p><p>Comments. This species is described from Vietnam based on a good number of females and males collected from bamboo together with Namothrips bambusae described above. It is interesting that both of them have bicolored bodies, but their color patterns are somewhat different. Unfortunately, no biological information about them is known so far.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812418506064C5FF65AB4BF93C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E287812418506264C5F8C1AFE7FB47.text	03E287812418506264C5F8C1AFE7FB47.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Yurikoazamiuma Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Yurikoazamiuma gen. nov.</p><p>Small-sized phlaeothripine species, with body somewhat flattened, belonging to the Haplothripini . Body relatively flat. Head longer than wide, with a pair of postocular setae situated near cheeks, all other setae minute. Eyes moderately developed, relatively far apart from each other; posterior ocelli situated at a level of anterior one-fourth of eyes. Antenna eight-segmented (Figs 249 &amp; 250); segment VIII narrowly fused to segment VII, constricted basally; campaniform sensillum on segment II situated near apex; segment III with (1+1), segment IV with (1+2 +1) sense cones at least in type-species. Mouth cone short and rounded; maxillary stylets retracted into head capsule, close together medially, with maxillary bridge. Prothorax rather small; four pair of prothoracic setae well-developed, am reduced; notopleural suture incomplete (Fig. 242). Prosternal basantra much wider than long (Fig. 243), far apart from ferna. Mesopresternum reduced medially. Metathoracic sternopleural sutures present, furcal arms separated from one another (Fig. 248), without spinula. Fore tarsus with a small sub-basal tooth in addition to anterior distinct tooth that is curved and directed forwardly (Fig. 244). Fore wings slightly narrowed medially (Fig. 257), with duplicated cilia. Abdominal tergites II–VII each with two pairs of wing-retaining setae, posterior pairs on tergites III–VI well developed. Tube shorter than head, tapering and straight-sided. Terminal setae longer than tube.</p><p>Type-species. Yurikoazamiuma bidens sp. nov.</p><p>Comments. This genus is included in the Haplothripini, and closely related to Okajimathrips, Podothrips and Praepodothrips, and it is probably most closely related to Podothrips in having similar formed maxillary stylets and bridge. However, unlike Podothrips, Yurikoazamiuma has the basantra smaller and located far from ferna on the prosternum (Fig. 243). These four genera share the somewhat flattened body, metathoracic sternopleural sutures well-developed (cf. Fig. 247) and metafurcal arms separated from each other (cf. Figs 248, 251 &amp; 252), and can be discriminated from each other by the following key. The flattened body with relatively short legs of these genera are probably an adaptation to living under the leaf sheaths of bamboo and/or grass, where they may be predaceous on certain coccids that also live there.</p><p>The genus name is dedicated to the late Yuriko Okajima. She was the wife of the first author and was well understanding of her husband’s research on thrips during her lifetime. She always spared no effort to support him behind the scenes. The Japanese word ‘azamiuma’ means ‘thrips’. Gender: feminine.</p><p>Key to four genera related to Podothrips</p><p>1. Prosternal basantra largely developed, longer than wide (cf. Figs 101 &amp; 112); fore tibia usually with an inner apical tubercle (cf. Fig. 111)............................................................................................ 2</p><p>-. Prosternal basantra not largely developed, wider than long (cf. Fig. 181 &amp; 243); fore tibia without inner apical tubercle.... 3</p><p>2. Notopleural suture incomplete (Fig. 100); antennal segment VIII almost as long as segment VII (Figs 104 &amp; 107), or longer; mouth cone rather pointed (Fig. 98), but small; prothoracic basantra often fused to ferna; mesopresternum eroded medially (Fig. 101); fore wing parallel sided (Fig. 254), but slender; tube distinctly constricted at apex (Fig. 102); pelta semicircular; male with a pair of pore plates on abdominal sternite VIII (Fig. 103).......................................... Okajimathrips</p><p>-. Notopleural suture complete; antennal segment VIII usually shorter than segment VII (cf. Fig. 115); mouth cone rounded; prothoracic basantra distinct from ferna (cf. Fig. 112); mesopresternum transverse (cf. Fig. 158); fore wing slightly constricted at middle (cf. Fig. 255); pelta usually hat- or bell-shaped; tube not constricted at apex; male with no pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII.................................................................................. Podothrips</p><p>3. Notopleural suture complete; maxillary stylets wider apart (cf. Fig. 187), almost V-shaped, usually not reaching postocular setae; fore tarsus with a tooth; prosternal basantra close to ferna (cf. Fig. 181); mesopresternum transverse (cf. Fig. 194)........................................................................................... Praepodothrips</p><p>-. Notopleural suture incomplete (Fig. 242); maxillary stylets long and rather close together, reaching postocular setae; fore tarsus with a small sub-basal tooth (Fig. 244) in addition to anterior distinct tooth that is curved and directed forwardly; prosternal basantra far apart from ferna (Fig. 243); mesopresternum eroded medially................... Yurikoazamiuma gen. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287812418506264C5F8C1AFE7FB47	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
03E28781241A501C64C5FB1FAEDDFE0C.text	03E28781241A501C64C5FB1FAEDDFE0C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Yurikoazamiuma bidens Okajima & Masumoto 2025	<div><p>Yurikoazamiuma bidens sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 241–250, 257)</p><p>Female (macroptera). Distended body length: about 1.7mm. Body bicolored (Fig. 241). Head, prothorax, mesothorax and tube brown, tube with basal one-third yellowish; metathorax and abdominal segments I–IX largely yellowish, abdominal segments scarcely and partly shaded with pale brown. Fore femora brown, with apical half yellowish; the rest of legs yellow. Antennal segments I and VII–VIII brown; segments II–IV yellow, but IV shaded with pale brown at apex; segment V yellowish at basal half, pale brown at apical half; segment VI pale brown, a little paler than VII. Fore wings and major body setae pale. Head 1.23 times as long as wide (Fig. 242), widest across cheeks at a level of postocular setae, dorsal surface almost smooth, but with a few transverse wrinkles between postocular setae. Cheeks rounded, almost smooth. Postocular setae shorter than eyes, blunt or pointed, 142µm apart from each other, 19–23µm apart from eyes. Eyes about one-third of head length, about 70µm apart from each other. Ocelli relatively small; posterior pair in contact with eyes, 48µm apart from each other. Antennae (Fig. 249 &amp; 250) about 1.5 times as long as head; segment VIII distinctly constricted at base, 0.76 times as long as segment VII; segment III a little longer than segment IV. Maxillary stylets reaching eyes, 21µm apart from each other at middle; maxillary bridge distinct, a little narrower than one-fourth of head width, situated at the middle of head. Pronotum (Fig. 242) well-developed, 0.72 times as long as head, 1.31 times as wide as long, almost smooth; four pairs of major prothoracic setae developed, weakly expanded or blunt; ml longer than aa, pa a little shorter than ml. Prospinasternum rather small (Fig. 243). Mesonotum almost smooth, lateral setae short and pointed, about 15µm long. Metanotum almost smooth (Fig. 245); median pair of setae short and acute, 35µm apart from each other, 42–46µm apart from anterior margin of metanotum. Fore wing (Fig. 257) with 4 duplicated cilia; sub-basal setae S1 and S2 weakly expanded, S3 much longer than S2, finely pointed. Pelta trapezoid (Fig. 246), sculptured weakly, about 1.1 times as wide as long. Tergites II–VIII S1 setae weakly expanded. Tergites III–VIII S2 setae: III–VI weakly expanded, VII and VIII pointed. Tergite IX S1 setae very weakly expanded, much shorter than tube, S2 setae on IX sharply pointed, almost as long as tube; intermediate setae about two-thirds of S1. Tube about 0.5 times as long as head, about 2.0 times as long as wide; terminal setae 1.3–1.4 times as long as tube.</p><p>Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length 1720 (distended). Head length 200, from anterior margin of eyes 180, width across eyes 150, maximum width across cheeks 162, minimum width across base 135; eyes length 65; diameter of posterior ocelli 10–12; postocular setae 48–52. Maxillary bridge width 37. Antenna total length about 300, segments III–VIII length (width) as follows: 43 (27), 41 (27), 36 (25), 33 (23), 37 (20), 28 (13). Pronotum length 144, width 188. Setae on prothorax: aa 30–35, ml about 50, pa 45–48, epim 53–55. Fore wing length 640. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 30 –32, S2 25 –31, S3 48 –66. Pelta length 69, width 76. Tergite IX setae: S1 60 –61, S2 100–103. Tube length 102, maximum width 50; terminal setae 135–142.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Thailand, nr. Chiang Mai, foot of Doi Suthep, on grass, 24.viii.1992. SO.</p><p>Comments. This species is described from Thailand based on a unique holotype female collected from grass together with Praepodothrips indicus . The fore tarsal armature of this taxon is characteristic .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28781241A501C64C5FB1FAEDDFE0C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Okajima, Shûji;Masumoto, Masami	Okajima, Shûji, Masumoto, Masami (2025): Some Poaceae-inhabiting Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) in East Asia, with descriptions of six new genera and 18 new species. Zootaxa 5726 (1): 1-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5726.1.1
