identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E1C449FFDD756FFF766FA4CC2E3100.text	03E1C449FFDD756FFF766FA4CC2E3100.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudochorthippus turanicus (Tarbinsky 1925) Tishechkin & Vedenina 2025	<div><p>Pseudochorthippus turanicus (Tarbinsky, 1925) comb. nov.</p><p>Figs 1–23</p><p>Chorthippus parallelus turanicus Tarbinsky, 1925: 137–138</p><p>Material examined. Lectotype, ♂ (designated in this paper) (Figs 2–3) with labels “Perovsk u. [uezd = county], Syr Dar [Darya] obl. [oblast], 5. VII. 23 [1923], S. Tarbinsky ” (handwritten, in Russian, our comments in square brackets) and “ A. parallelus Zett. det. Tarbinsky ” (handwritten, the name “Tarbinsky” in Russian) (Fig. 4) (ZMMU) . Paralectotypes, 8 ♂, 6 ♀ with same labels, of which 4 ♂ and 3 ♀ also with typewritten labels “ Chorthippus parallelus turanicus Tarbinskii Syntype det. W.J. Reynolds, 1977” (ZMMU) . Other materials: 10 ♂, 4 ♀, southeastern Kazakhstan, Almaty region, national park Altyn-Emel’, environs of Basshi, along stream, 22 VI . 2023, 44.168 N, 78.751 E, V. Vedenina, N. Sevastianov, T . Tarasova, songs of 3 ♂ recorded at 31–33 oC (CV); 2 ♂, southeastern Kazakhstan, the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=75.011&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.995" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 75.011/lat 44.995)">Lower Ili River</a> basin, environs of Topar Village, meadow on the shore of small lake, 44.995 N, 75.011 E , 18. VI . 2024, D. Tishechkin, songs of both males recorded at 30–35 oC; 1 ♂, southeastern Kazakhstan, the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=79.418&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.716" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 79.418/lat 43.716)">Charyn River Valley</a>, ca 20 km north of Chundzha (= Shinzha), marshy meadow, 43.716 N, 79.418 E, 24. VI . 2024, D. Tishechkin, songs recorded at 32–35 oC; 2 ♂, southeastern Kazakhstan near the eastern shore of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.961&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.226" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.961/lat 46.226)">Balkhash Lake</a>, meadow on the right bank of the Lepsy River ca. 1 km upstream from the Lepsy Town, 46.226 N, 78.961 E, 7. VI . 2019, D. Tishechkin, songs of both males recorded at 33 oC; 1 ♂, northern Kyrgyzstan, bank of the Chu River north of Tokmak Town, the bog overgrown with Carex and grasses, 24. VII. 2023, D. Tishechkin, songs recorded at 30 oC (ZMMU) .</p><p>Description. Head from above shorter than pronotum; face slightly oblique in lateral view (Figs 2–3, 5–7, 9). Foveolae with curved upwards or almost straight parallel margins, 2.5–3.0 times as long as their maximum width (Fig. 10). Vertical diameter of eye 1.5–2.0 times greater than subocular furrow in male (Fig. 9) and 1.4–1.5 times greater than subocular furrow in female. Antennae filiform, 10 th –12 th segments in male, respectively, 2.5–3.1, 2.4–3.3, and 2.4–3.0 times as long as their width in broadest aspect, in female, respectively, 2.0–2.7, 2.2–2.6, and 2.1–2.9 times as long as their width. Anterior margin of prozona rounded; posterior margins of metazona almost straight, projecting backwards at an obtuse angle. Lateral carinae concave in prozona, slightly divergent or almost parallel in back part of metazona. Ratio of maximum/minimum widths of pronotum 1.4–2.0; prozona nearly as long as metazona. Length of lateral lobes of pronotum measured along lateral carina exceeds their maximum width by 1.1–1.3 times in male and by 1.1–1.2 times in female. Mesosternal lobes are 1.5–2.1 times as wide as mesosternal interspace in both sexes, mesosternal interspace trapezoidal (Fig. 11). In brachypterous male, tegmina not reach apices of hind femora, only sometimes almost reach bases of dark-colored distal parts of hind femora, with narrowly rounded apices; hind wings shortened, about half or third shorter than tegmina (Figs 2–3). In brachypterous female, tegmina strongly shortened, only occasionally reach middle of hind femora (Figs 6–7). In macropterous male, tegmina distinctly exceed apices of hind femora, with wider apices; hind wings only slightly shorter than tegmina (Fig. 5). In macropterous female, tegmina reach or only slightly exceed apices of hind femora. Radial vein of tegmen almost straight. Stigma quite often poorly developed (Fig. 8), in macropterous individuals usually absent (Fig. 5). Ratio width of C/Sc areas of tegmen 1.7–2.4 in brachypterous male, 1.8–2.7 in macropterous male, and 2.5–3.0 in macropterous female. Ratio width of C+Sc/R areas of tegmen 1.7–2.3 in brachypterous male, 1.7–2.5 in macropterous male, and 2.1–2.4 in macropterous female. Hind femora in both sexes 4.5–5.8 times longer than their maximum width. In male, stridulatory file consists of 105–134 pegs arranged in single row vs 102–106 in P. geminus and 104–113 in P. parallelus from Kazakhstan (Tishechkin, 2024); according to Reynolds (1980), maximum number of pegs in European males of P. parallelus reaches 110. Hind tibiae with 10–13 spines both in outer and inner dorsal rows. Arolium almost reaches or even slightly exceeds middles of claws, length of 1 st hind tarsomere equal to length of 3 rd tarsomere without claws. Tympanum wide, oval. Cerci conical, 2.0–2.7 times as long as their width at base (Fig. 12). In shape of male genitalia similar to P. parallelus (Figs 13–17).</p><p>No differences were found between macropterous and brachypterous forms in any characters other than size and proportions of wings or their parts.</p><p>In dorsal view, body brown or yellowish brown, usually, with variable irregular dark pattern on head and pronotum, ventrally, lighter, yellowish brown. Hind femora brown with yellowish ventral and inner parts and dark brown or black knees. Hind tibiae yellowish or reddish, darkened distally, dorsal spines with black apices.</p><p>Externally similar to P. parallelus and P. geminus, but differs from them in larger size, proportions of pronotum, shorter first hind tarsomere, and higher average number of stridulatory pegs in male.</p><p>Measurements (mm). Length of head in dorsal view: ♂, 2.5–3.2, ♀, 3.0–3.5; length of pronotum: ♂, 3.5–4.3, ♀, 4.4–5.4; length of tegmina: brachypterous ♂, 10.3–11.6, macropterous ♂, 13.3–17.7, brachypterous ♀, 8.2–11.0, macropterous ♀, 16.6–17.1; width of tegmina: brachypterous ♂, 2.7–3.2, macropterous ♂, 4.1–4.2, macropterous ♀, 3.9; length of hind femora: ♂, 10.5–12.1, ♀, 12.7–14.9; width of hind femora: ♂, 2.0–2.5, ♀, 2.3–2.9.</p><p>Song. The calling song is an echeme lasting from 7–8 to 15–20 s in our recordings (Figs 18–19). The song begins quietly and reaches its maximum intensity near the end; usually only several last syllables have a lower amplitude than the preceding ones. In the songs of different males, the syllable repetition period varies from 190– 200 to 230–260 ms; sometimes it decreases slightly towards the end of the song. Each syllable has several gaps, which are sometimes indistinct or almost entirely absent (Figs 20–23).</p><p>Song recordings from four localities in southeastern Kazakhstan and one locality in northern Kyrgyzstan were studied (Fig. 1). Songs of males from different localities, as well as songs of macropterous and brachypterous males and songs of males with different numbers of stridulatory pegs, do not have significant differences.</p><p>In the temporal pattern of the song, P. turanicus is completely different from P. parallelus, which is further evidence that it is a good species (cf. Figs 18–23 and 24–26).</p><p>Habitats. Meadows with mesophilic vegetation and swamps along the banks of rivers and small lakes in the steppe and desert zones of Central Asia.</p><p>Distribution. Southern Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, northwestern China, Mongolia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E1C449FFDD756FFF766FA4CC2E3100	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu.;Vedenina, Varvara	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu., Vedenina, Varvara (2025): A new species of the genus Pseudochorthippus Defaut, 2012 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) from southeastern Kazakhstan, closely related to Pseudochorthippus turanicus (Tarbinsky, 1925), comb. nov. Zootaxa 5711 (1): 114-124, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5711.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5711.1.5
03E1C449FFDC7564FF766CD5C96F3708.text	03E1C449FFDC7564FF766CD5C96F3708.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudochorthippus iliensis Tishechkin & Vedenina 2025	<div><p>Pseudochorthippus iliensis sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1, 27–48</p><p>Material examined (Fig. 1). Holotype, ♂, southeastern Kazakhstan, meadow on the western bank of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=75.787&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.96" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 75.787/lat 44.96)">Ili River</a> ca. 45 km downstream from Bakanas, environs of Akzhar Village, 44.960 N, 75.787 E, 20. VI . 2024, D. Tishechkin, songs recorded at 32–35 oC. Paratypes: 8 ♂, 2 ♀, same data, songs of 4 ♂ recorded at 32–35 oC; 3 ♂, same locality, 15. VI . 2017, songs of several males from this locality recorded on this date at 25–27 oC (recorded males were not collected); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, southeastern Kazakhstan, the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=75.011&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.995" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 75.011/lat 44.995)">Lower Ili River</a> basin, environs of Topar Village, meadow on the shore of a small lake, 44.995 N, 75.011 E, 18. VI . 2024, D. Tishechkin, the male song recorded at 30–35 oC; 1 ♂, southeastern Kazakhstan, the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=79.418&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.716" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 79.418/lat 43.716)">Charyn River Valley</a>, ca 20 km north of Chundzha (= Shinzha), marshy meadow, 43.716 N, 79.418 E, 25. VI . 2024, songs recorded at 27 °C. The type series is deposited in ZMMU .</p><p>Description. Head from above shorter than pronotum; face slightly oblique in lateral view (Figs 27–31, 33). Foveolae with distinctly curved upwards or almost straight parallel margins (Fig. 34), 2.5–3.0 times as long as their maximum width. Vertical diameter of eye 1.6–2.0 times greater than subocular furrow in male (Fig. 33) and 1.3 times greater than subocular furrow in female. Antennae filiform, 10 th –12 th segments in male, respectively, 2.4–2.8, 2.4–2.9, and 2.2–2.9 times as long as their width in broadest aspect, in female, respectively, 2.5–2.8, 2.3–2.9, and 2.4–2.5 times as long as their width. Anterior margin of prozona rounded; posterior margins of metazona almost straight, projecting backwards at an obtuse angle. Lateral carinae concave in prozona, slightly divergent or almost parallel in back part of metazona. Ratio of maximum/minimum widths of pronotum 1.4–1.8; prozona nearly as long as metazona. Length of lateral lobes of pronotum measured along lateral carina exceeds their maximum width by 1.2–1.4 times in male (Fig. 33) and by 1.1–1.2 times in female. Mesosternal lobes are 1.5–1.8 times as wide as mesosternal interspace in both sexes, mesosternal interspace trapezoidal. In brachypterous male, tegmina not reach apices of hind femora, only sometimes almost reach bases of dark-colored distal parts of hind femora, with narrowly rounded apices, hind wings shortened, about half or third shorter than tegmina (Fig. 27). In brachypterous female, tegmina strongly shortened, do not reach middle of hind femora (Figs 30–31). In macropterous male and female, tegmina distinctly exceed apices of hind femora, with wider apices, hind wings only slightly shorter than tegmina (Fig. 28). Stigma usually more or less distinctive both in brachypterous and macropterous individuals (Figs 27–28, 32). Radial vein of tegmen almost straight. Ratio width of C/Sc areas of tegmen 1.7–2.4 in both macropterous and brachypterous males and 2.8 in macropterous female. Ratio width of C+Sc/R areas of tegmen 1.8–2.8 in both macropterous and brachypterous males and 1.7 in macropterous female. Hind femora in both sexes 4.6–5.0 times longer than their maximum width. In male, stridulatory file consists of 112–131 pegs arranged in single row. Hind tibiae with 12–14 outer and 11–14 inner dorsal spines. Length of arolium is approximately equal to half length of claws, length of 1 st hind tarsomere equal to length of 3 rd tarsomere without claws. Tympanum wide, oval. Cerci conical, 2.0–2.5 times as long as their width at base (Fig. 35). In shape of male genitalia similar to P. turanicus (Figs 36–40).</p><p>In dorsal view, body brown or yellowish brown, usually, with variable irregular dark pattern on head and pronotum, ventrally, lighter, yellowish brown. Hind femora brown with yellowish ventral and inner parts and dark brown or black knees. Hind tibiae yellowish or reddish, darkened distally, dorsal spines with black apices.</p><p>In coloration and most morphometric characters indistinguishable from P. turanicus . Differs from it in the mean of proportions of the middle segments of antennae, although the extreme values in both species overlap. In male of P. iliensis sp. nov., length to width ratio of 10 th –12 th segments are, respectively, 2.6±0.1 (2.4–2.8), 2.6±0.2 (2.4–2.9), and 2.5±0.2 (2.2–2.9) (mean±standard deviation (range); n=13) vs 2.8±0.1 (2.5–3.1), 2.8±0.2 (2.4–3.3), and 2,7±0.2 (2.4–3.0) (n=16) in P. turanicus . For female of P. iliensis sp. nov., these values are 2.7±0.1 (2,5–2,8), 2.7±0.2 (2,3–2,9), and 2.5±0.0 (2,4–2,5) (n=3) vs 2.4±0.3 (2.0–2.7), 2.4±0.1 (2.2–2.6), and 2.4±0.3 (2.1–2.9) (n=5) in P. turanicus . However, since the number of females examined was very small, it is impossible to determine whether differences in antennal segment proportions between these species are significant. In female of P. iliensis sp. nov., vertical diameter of eye 1.3 times greater than subocular furrow, whereas in P. turanicus this ratio is 1.4–1.5; males of these species are indistinguishable in this character. Also, among P. turanicus, individuals with poorly or completely undeveloped stigma are more common.</p><p>Measurements (mm). Length of head in dorsal view: ♂, 2.5–3.0, ♀, 2.8–3.6; length of pronotum: ♂, 3.6–4.2, ♀, 4.9–5.1; length of tegmina: brachypterous ♂, 10.5–12.1, macropterous ♂, 17.0–17.3, brachypterous ♀, 9.4–9.6, macropterous ♀, 17.6; width of tegmina: brachypterous ♂, 2.7–3.2, macropterous ♂, 4.0–4.1, macropterous ♀, 3.9; length of hind femora: ♂, 10.9–12.3, ♀, 13.4–13.7; width of hind femora: ♂, 2.3–2.5, ♀, 2.7–2.8.</p><p>Song. The calling song is a sequence of several (usually, 2–4) echemes separated by irregular intervals of about 3–10 s (Fig. 41). Each echeme consists of 3–11 (as a rule, 6–10) syllables following each other with a period from 110–120 to 150–180 ms (Figs 42–48). The first 1–3 syllables contain numerous distinct gaps; in the subsequent syllables the number and duration of gaps usually decreases; sometimes they are completely reduced (Figs 43–44).</p><p>The song temporal pattern is somewhat variable, but the songs of macropterous and brachypterous males do not have significant differences.</p><p>Habitats. Meadows with mesophilic vegetation and swamps along the banks of rivers and small lakes in the desert zone. Often is strictly sympatric with P. turanicus .</p><p>Distribution. So far was found only in the Ili River basin in Kazakhstan (Fig. 1); most likely, also occurs in the adjacent territories of China.</p><p>Etymology. The name of the new species derives from the name of the Ili River.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E1C449FFDC7564FF766CD5C96F3708	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu.;Vedenina, Varvara	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu., Vedenina, Varvara (2025): A new species of the genus Pseudochorthippus Defaut, 2012 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) from southeastern Kazakhstan, closely related to Pseudochorthippus turanicus (Tarbinsky, 1925), comb. nov. Zootaxa 5711 (1): 114-124, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5711.1.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5711.1.5
