identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03EC28231563324AFF6928CDFA16FA02.text	03EC28231563324AFF6928CDFA16FA02.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nylanderia Emery 1906	<div><p>Key to Nylanderia clade AC1 species of southern Mexico and Mesoamerica</p><p>1. Cephalic pubescence moderate to dense (Figs. 4A, 4B); overall color variable..................................... 2</p><p>- Cephalic pubescence absent to sparse (Fig. 4C); often uniformly yellow with thick, black setae, with specimens from Belize sometimes light to medium brown................................................................. cf. docilis</p><p>2. Overall color light to dark brown; dense cephalic pubescence (Fig. 4A); scapes relatively short, surpassing posterior margin by no more than a third of their length (SI &lt;133)............................................................... 3</p><p>- Overall color variable; if overall color is brown or reddish-brown. then cephalic pubescence moderate (Fig. 4B); if overall color is yellow, then cephalic pubescence moderate (Fig. 4B) to dense (Fig. 4A); scape length variable...................... 6</p><p>3. Posterior face of propodeum about as long as or slightly longer than dorsal face; ranging across southern Mexico and Central America............................................................................................ 4</p><p>- Posterior face of propodeum about twice as long as dorsal face; ranging across southwestern North America from central Mexico to Utah (Fig. 2)...................................................................... austroccidua</p><p>4. Medium to dark brown with antennae, mandibles, and tarsi yellow in contrast to body; head and gaster concolorous with mesosoma; meso- and metacoxae lighter in color than mesosoma; scapes surpassing posterior margin by about a third of their length (SI ≥ 130)...................................................................................... 5</p><p>- Light brown with antennae, mandibles, and tarsi concolorous with body; sometimes bicolored with medium brown head and gaster; meso- and metacoxae concolorous with mesosoma; scapes surpassing posterior margin by less than a quarter of their length (SI &lt;130).............................................................................. breviscapa</p><p>5. Dark brown, with whitish meso- and metacoxae strongly contrasting with mesosoma; fine cuticular microsculpture resulting in moderate to strong blue iridescence on head and mesosoma............................................. contraria</p><p>- Medium to dark brown, with meso- and metacoxae somewhat lighter than mesosoma; cuticle smooth and shiny, with no microsculpture and without blue iridescence............................................................ polita</p><p>6. Overall color variable, but with head and mesosoma concolorous with gaster; cephalic pubescence dense (Fig. 4A) if overall color is yellow, cephalic pubescence moderate (Fig. 4B) if overall color is brown................................... 7</p><p>- Strongly bicolored, with yellow to yellow-brown head and mesosoma and medium to dark brown gaster; cephalic pubescence moderate (Fig. 4B).............................................................................. mosaica</p><p>7. meso- and metacoxae at most somewhat lighter than mesosoma, not whitish...................................... 8</p><p>- Meso- and metacoxae whitish, strongly contrasting with mesosoma............................................. 9</p><p>8. Medium to dark reddish-brown; scapes relatively long, surpassing posterior margin by more than a third to nearly half their length (SI ≥ 140); moderate cephalic pubescence (Fig. 4B); propodeum low and evenly rounded, with posterior face at most slightly longer than dorsal face; found in Guatemala, possibly Honduras ..................................... mendax</p><p>- Color variable; scapes relatively short, surpassing posterior margin by about a quarter to a third of their length (SI &lt;140); cephalic pubescence moderate (Fig. 4B) in dark specimens and dense (Fig. 4A) in yellow specimens; propodeum high and evenly rounded, with posterior face steep and at most slightly longer than dorsal face; found in Costa Rica ............ usul</p><p>9. Medium to dark reddish-brown; macrosetae relatively thick and black, strongly contrasting in color with body; antennae, mandibles, and tarsi concolorous with body; overall cuticle finely microsculptured, giving matte appearance and strong blue iridescence; erect setae on scapes relatively sparse (SMC &lt;7); apex of petiole scale without pair of small, erect setae; compound eyes relatively large (REL&gt; 19); scapes relatively long, surpassing posterior margin by nearly half their length (SI ≥ 140); metatibiae relatively long (HTI ≥ 125); mesosoma relatively long (BLI&gt; 146); relatively large in overall size (TL = 1.99–2.52)..................................................................................... lazulina</p><p>- Light to medium reddish-brown; macrosetae relatively thin and concolorous with body; antennae, mandibles, and tarsi yellow to yellow-brown, contrasting with body; overall cuticle lightly microsculptured and with subtle blue iridescence; erect setae on scapes relatively abundant (SMC ≥ 7); apex of petiole scale bearing a pair of small, erect setae; compound eyes relatively small (REL ≤ 19); scapes relatively short, surpassing posterior margin by less than a quarter of their length (SI &lt;130); metatibiae relatively short (HTI &lt;115); mesosoma relatively short (BLI ≤ 146); relatively small in overall size (TL = 1.71–2.24).................................................................................................... luceata</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC28231563324AFF6928CDFA16FA02	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Williams, Jason L.;Williams, John F.;Lapolla, John S.;Lucky, Andrea	Williams, Jason L., Williams, John F., Lapolla, John S., Lucky, Andrea (2025): Nylanderia of the World, Part IV: Taxonomic contributions to the American Clade I of New World Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 5569 (3): 549-593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10
03EC2823156C3247FF692882FBF0FC3D.text	03EC2823156C3247FF692882FBF0FC3D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nylanderia austroccidua (Trager 1984)	<div><p>Nylanderia austroccidua (Trager 1984)</p><p>Figs. 5–7 (worker)</p><p>Paratrechina austroccidua Trager 1984: 113 (w.q.m.). Holotype worker, U.S.A.: Texas, Boot Springs, Chisos Mts., elev. 2040m, 26.vii.1979, P.S. Ward #3771 (LACM) (examined). 12 paratype workers and 2 paratype males, same locality data as holotype (LACM, MCZC). Combination in Nylanderia: LaPolla et al. 2010: 127.</p><p>Worker diagnosis: Antennae relatively short, with scapes surpassing posterior margin of head by about a third of their length (SI = 113–128); medium to dark brown and sometimes bicolored with darker head and gaster; antennae, mandibles, leg joints, and tarsi yellow in contrast to body; meso-and metacoxae usually somewhat lighter than mesosoma; fine cuticular microsculpture resulting in moderate to strong blue iridescence on head and mesosoma; dense cephalic pubescence; posterior emargination of head strongly variable, from lacking emargination entirely to deep and notch-like.</p><p>Compare with: N. contraria, N. polita</p><p>WORKER. Measurements (n=12): TL: 1.66–2.22; EL: 0.11–0.14; EW: 0.09–0.10; IOD: 0.29–0.34; HE: 0.00– 0.03; HL: 0.52–0.61; HW: 0.44–0.52; HLA: 0.17–0.21; HLP: 0.24–0.29; SL: 0.56–0.63; PW: 0.32–0.38; MW: 0.17–0.20; PrW: 0.22–0.28; PDH: 0.18–0.22; PTW: 0.09–0.14; LHT: 0.47–0.55; WL: 0.55–0.72; GL: 0.48–0.95; SMC: 4–7; PMC: 2–3; MMC: 2–3. Indices: BLI: 125–143; CI: 84–85; EPI: 58–79; HTI: 101–110; REL: 19–23; SI: 113–128.</p><p>Color: medium to dark brown with yellow to yellow-brown antennae, mandibles, and tarsi; meso- and metacoxae often somewhat lighter than mesosoma; sometimes bicolored with mesosoma lighter than head and gaster; overall cuticle with fine microsculpture resulting in moderate to strong blue iridescence on head and mesosoma. Pilosity: dense cephalic pubescence covering all surfaces of head in full-face view; mesosoma pubescence sparse to absent, limited at most to scattered hairs on pronotum and propodeum, and a fringe of hairs concentrated just posterior to the metanotal groove; gaster pubescence sparse to absent; pair of small, erect setae on apex of petiole. Head: longer than broad and quadrate with distinct posterolateral corners and flattened posterior margin, usually with moderate to strong emargination but sometimes with little to no emargination (HE = 0.00–0.03); scapes surpass posterior margin of head by about a third of their length (SI = 113–128); median ocellus often large and apparent; lateral ocelli small and often absent or not apparent. Mesosoma: promesonotal area flat to evenly convex in profile view, with posterior margin of pronotum continuous or nearly continuous with anterior margin of mesonotum; propodeum low and unevenly rounded, with posterior face about twice as long as dorsal face.</p><p>QUEEN. Measurements (n=2): TL: 3.73–4.26; EL: 0.27; HL: 0.76–0.79; HW: 0.67–0.75; SL: 0.77–0.83; WL: 1.25–1.27; GL: 1.71–2.21. Indices: CI: 97–99; REL: 34–36; SI: 102–105.</p><p>Relatively large (TL = 3.73–4.26). Color: medium to dark brown with yellow to yellow-brown antennae, mandibles, and tarsi; meso- and metacoxae at most somewhat lighter than mesosoma. Pilosity: most of body covered in moderate to dense pubescence; lacking pubescence on posterior face of propodeum; 1-3 small, erect setae on anepisternum. Head: as broad as long; scapes surpass posterior margin of head by about a third of their length.</p><p>MALE. Measurements (n=4): TL: 1.74–2.27; EL: 0.19–0.22; HL: 0.48–0.57; HW: 0.40–0.53; SL: 0.59–0.64; WL: 0.59–0.86; GL: 0.65–0.88. Indices: CI: 83–97; REL: 35–39; SI: 110–122.</p><p>Color: medium to dark brown with yellow to yellow-brown antennae, mandibles, and tarsi; meso- and metacoxae at most somewhat lighter than mesosoma. Pilosity: dense pubescence on head, mesoscutum, and mesoscutellum; pubescence sparse to absent on pronotum, anepisternum, katepisternum, propodeum, and gaster; lacking pubescence on posterior face of propodeum. Head: as broad as long; compound eyes surpass lateral margins of head in full-face view; scapes surpass posterior margin of head by about a third of their length. Mesosoma: In profile view, propodeum gently rounded with dorsal face about twice as long as posterior face. Genitalia: gonopod narrow and evenly triangular, with nearly straight edges and apex coming to a point (Fig. 71); in ventral view, ventromedial edge of basivolsella weakly and evenly curved (Fig. 91 of Kallal &amp; LaPolla 2012); gonossiculus straight and only slightly longer than cuspis.</p><p>Other material examined: MEXICO: Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.05216 -99.24252, 7.ix.2019, cloud forest, bait trap, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/0062; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.05819 -99.22366, 12.ix.2019, oak-pine forest, hand, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/0102; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0561 -99.2151, 22.x.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1387; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0561 -99.2151, 22.x.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1417; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0561 -99.2151, 22.x.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1433; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0561 -99.2151, 22.x.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1473; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0521 -99.2425, 7.ix.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1617; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0486 -99.2455, 8.ix.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1712; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0521 -99.2425, 7.ix.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1618; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0486 -99.2455, 8.ix.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1714; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0455 - 99.2635, 9.ix.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1739; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0413 -99.2671, 10.ix.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1781; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0486 -99.2671, 30.x.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1805; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 30.x.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1806; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0486 -99.2644, 30.x.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1810; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0486 -99.2644, 30.x.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1824; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0462 -99.2649, 31.x.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1853; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0462 -99.2649, 31.x.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1856; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.04555 -99.26355, pine forest, bait trap, 9.ix.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/0036; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.048673 -99.264491, cloud-pine forest, hand, 30.x.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/0939; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.05613 -99.21519, deciduous forest, bait trap, 22.x.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/0124; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0581 -99.2236, 12.ix.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1580; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0561 -99.2151, 22.x.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1382; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0561 -99.2151, 22.x.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1465; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0521 -99.2425, 7.ix.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1635; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0521 -99.2425, 7.ix.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1674; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0581 -99.2236, 12.ix.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1564; Tamaulipas, El Cielo, Gómez Farías, 23.0455 - 99.2635, 9.ix.2019, Sandoval-Becerra et al. #MXFOR/1737; U.S.A.: Arizona, Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mts., Pinery Canyon, 6.9km W Onion Saddle, elev. 1890m, 11.viii.1989, S.P. Cover #2092 (SWRS: CASENT0102818); Arizona, Cochise Co., Huachuca Mts., Upper Ramsey Canyon, 31.4333 -110.3167, elev. 1910m, 18.viii.2002, under stone, Quercus / Pinus / Pseudotsuga forest, P.S. Ward #14739 (MCZC: MCZ-ENT00531422).</p><p>Notes: Workers of N. austroccidua most closely resemble those of N. contraria and N. polita . However, this species can be most readily distinguished from N. contraria by the color of its meso- and metacoxae, which are at most only slightly lighter brown than the rest of the body in N. austroccidua . In contrast, N. contraria has whitish meso- and metacoxae that strongly contrast with the rest of the body, which is dark brown. Nylanderia austroccidua is most readily differentiated from N. polita by the latter’s smooth and shiny surface, which lacks the cuticular microsculpture and blue iridescence that is readily observable under microscopy in all other species of this complex. This species does not overlap in range with N. contraria or N. polita and is primarily found in high elevation forests ranging across southwestern North America from central Mexico to Utah (Figs. 2A, 2B).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC2823156C3247FF692882FBF0FC3D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Williams, Jason L.;Williams, John F.;Lapolla, John S.;Lucky, Andrea	Williams, Jason L., Williams, John F., Lapolla, John S., Lucky, Andrea (2025): Nylanderia of the World, Part IV: Taxonomic contributions to the American Clade I of New World Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 5569 (3): 549-593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10
03EC2823156E3241FF692C49FC05F86F.text	03EC2823156E3241FF692C49FC05F86F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nylanderia breviscapa Williams & Williams & Lapolla & Lucky 2025	<div><p>Nylanderia breviscapa, sp. nov.</p><p>Figs. 8–10 (worker); Figs. 11–12 (queen); Figs. 13–16 (male)</p><p>Holotype worker, MEXICO: Chiapas, 2km SE Custepec, 15.72197 -92.94163 ±100m, elev. 1850m, 17.v.2008, ridge oak forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2008-010 (USNM: USNMENT01131317). 6 paratype workers, 1 paratype queen, and 4 paratype males with same locality data as holotype (USNM: USNMENT01130960, USNMENT01131318, USNMENT01131319, USNMENT01131868, USNMENT01131869, USNMENT01131870; MNCR: USNMENT01131320, USNMENT01131321, USNMENT01131322, USNMENT01131962, USNMENT01132155).</p><p>Worker diagnosis: Antennae relatively short, scapes surpassing posterior margin by less than a quarter of their length; light brown and sometimes bicolored with medium brown head and gaster; meso- and metacoxae about same color as mesosoma; microsculpture and blue iridescence subtle, most visible on head; dense cephalic pubescence.</p><p>Compare with: N. austroccidua</p><p>WORKER. Measurements (n=12): TL: 1.71–2.08; EL: 0.10–0.11; EW: 0.07–0.09; IOD: 0.30–0.33; HE: 0.00– 0.01; HL: 0.53–0.58; HW: 0.44–0.48; HLA: 0.18–0.21; HLP: 0.23–0.27; SL: 0.53–0.59; PW: 0.32–0.35; MW: 0.18–0.21; PrW: 0.23–0.29; PDH: 0.17–0.25; PTW: 0.11–0.15; LHT: 0.40–0.50; WL: 0.61–0.66; GL: 0.57–0.91; SMC: 6–8; PMC: 2–4; MMC: 2–3. Indices: BLI: 134–146; CI: 81–85; EPI: 70–84; HTI: 93–113; REL: 18–20; SI: 114–128.</p><p>Color: Light brown, sometimes bicolored with medium brown head and gaster; meso- and metacoxae about same color as mesosoma; overall cuticle with some microsculpture resulting in subtle blue iridescence on head and mesosoma. Pilosity: dense cephalic pubescence covering all surfaces of head in full-face view; mesosoma pubescence sparse to absent, at most limited to scattered hairs on pronotum; gaster pubescence sparse to absent; pair of small, erect setae on apex of petiole. Head: longer than broad and quadrate with distinct posterolateral corners and flattened posterior margin, usually with no medial emargination; scapes surpass posterior margin of head by less than a quarter of their length; median ocellus small and not always apparent; lateral ocelli absent or not apparent. Mesosoma: posterior margin of pronotum forming obtuse angle with anterior margin of mesonotum in profile view; propodeum low and evenly rounded, with posterior face about same length as dorsal face.</p><p>QUEEN. Measurements (n=1): TL: 2.69; EL: 0.18; HL: 0.60; HW: 0.57; SL: 0.61; WL: 0.92; GL: 1.18. Indices: BLI: 154; CI: 96; REL: 29; SI: 106.</p><p>Relatively small (TL &lt;3) Color: Uniformly yellow-brown to light brown; Pilosity: most of body covered in moderate to dense pubescence; lacking pubescence on posterior face of propodeum; 5-6 small, erect setae on anepisternum. Head: As broad as long; scapes surpass posterior margin of head by about a third of their length.</p><p>MALE. Measurements (n=2): TL: 1.79–1.92; EL: 0.15–0.16; HL: 0.47–0.48; HW: 0.41–0.43; SL: 0.49–0.51; WL: 0.63–0.66; GL: 0.69–0.78. Indices: BLI: 154–155; CI: 87–90; REL: 32–34; SI: 119–120.</p><p>Color: uniformly light to medium brown; meso- and metacoxae concolorous with mesosoma. Pilosity: dense pubescence on head, mesoscutum, and mesoscutellum; pubescence sparse to absent on pronotum, anepisternum, katepisternum, propodeum, and gaster. Head: as broad as long; compound eyes surpass lateral margins of head in full-face view; scapes surpass posterior margin of head by about a third of their length. Mesosoma: In profile view, propodeum gently and evenly rounded, with dorsal face about as long as posterior face. Genitalia: gonopod broad at base, taper strongly to a narrow, digitiform shape, with the apex rounded and slightly turned upward (Fig. 71); in ventral view, ventromedial edge of basivolsella strongly curved (Fig. 15); gonossiculus mostly straight, gradually curved medially toward penial sclerite, and nearly three times as long as cuspis.</p><p>Other material examined: MEXICO: Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.93677&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.72188" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.93677/lat 15.72188)">2km SE Custepec</a>, 15.72188 -92.93677 ± 100m, elev. 1900m, 19.v.2008, oak-pine forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2008-016; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.94298&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.72216" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.94298/lat 15.72216)">2km SE Custepec</a>, 15.72216 - 92.94298 ± 100m, elev. 1820m, 20.v.2008, oak forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2008-020; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.93909&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.7214" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.93909/lat 15.7214)">2km SE Custepec</a>, 15.7214 -92.93909 ± 100m, elev. 1830m, 20.v.2008, hardwood forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2008-023; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.93847&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.71578" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.93847/lat 15.71578)">3km SE Custepec</a>, 15.71578 -92.93847 ± 50m, elev. 1700m, 17.v.2008, 2° mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-02-2-07; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.95097&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.7208" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.95097/lat 15.7208)">2km SE Custepec</a>, 15.7208 -92.95097 ± 50m, elev. 1520m, 17.v.2008, mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-02-1-35; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.95097&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.72085" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.95097/lat 15.72085)">2km SE Custepec</a>, 15.72085 -92.95097 ± 50m, elev. 1520m, 17.v.2008, mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-02-1-34; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.95095&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.72098" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.95095/lat 15.72098)">2km SE Custepec</a>, 15.72098 -92.95095 ± 50m, elev. 1520m, 17.v.2008, mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-02-1-31; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.95054&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.72098" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.95054/lat 15.72098)">2km SE Custepec</a>, 15.72098 -92.95054 ± 50m, elev. 1520m, 17.v.2008, mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa- A-02-1-22; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.9502&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.72096" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.9502/lat 15.72096)">2km SE Custepec</a>, 15.72096 -92.9502 ± 50m, elev. 1520m, 17.v.2008, mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-02-1-11; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.95036&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.721" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.95036/lat 15.721)">2km SE Custepec</a>, 15.721 -92.95036 ± 50m, elev. 1520m, 17.v.2008, mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-02-1-04; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.93808&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.71603" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.93808/lat 15.71603)">3km SE Custepec</a>, 15.71603 -92.93808 ± 50m, elev. 1700m, 17.v.2008, 2° mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-02-2-19; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.93849&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.71569" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.93849/lat 15.71569)">3km SE Custepec</a>, 15.71569 -92.93849 ± 50m, elev. 1700m, 17.v.2008, 2° mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-02-2-09; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.93812&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.71607" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.93812/lat 15.71607)">3km SE Custepec</a>, 15.71607 -92.93812 ± 50m, elev. 1700m, 17.v.2008, 2° mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A- 02-2-17; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.93811&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.71585" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.93811/lat 15.71585)">3km SE Custepec</a>, 15.71585 -92.93811 ± 50m, elev. 1700m, 17.v.2008, 2° mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-02-2-23; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-93.15208&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=17.18326" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -93.15208/lat 17.18326)">5km NNW Coapilla</a>, 17.18326 -93.15208 ± 50m, elev. 1915m, 25.v.2008, 2° mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-04-2-08; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.93823&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.71485" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.93823/lat 15.71485)">3km SE Custepec</a>, 15.71485 -92.93823 ± 50m, elev. 1700m, 17.v.2008, 2° mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-02-2-50; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.93823&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.71494" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.93823/lat 15.71494)">3km SE Custepec</a>, 15.71494 -92.93823 ± 50m, elev. 1700m, 17.v.2008, 2° mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-02-2-48; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.93815&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.71554" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.93815/lat 15.71554)">3km SE Custepec</a>, 15.71554 -92.93815 ± 50m, elev. 1700m, 17.v.2008, 2° mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A- 02-2-30; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.93812&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.71576" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.93812/lat 15.71576)">3km SE Custepec</a>, 15.71576 -92.93812 ± 50m, elev. 1700m, 17.v.2008, 2° mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-02-2-25; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.93811&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.7158" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.93811/lat 15.7158)">3km SE Custepec</a>, 15.7158 -92.93811 ± 50m, elev. 1700m, 17.v.2008, 2° mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-02-2-24; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.938&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.71528" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.938/lat 15.71528)">3km SE Custepec</a>, 15.71528 -92.938 ± 50m, elev. 1700m, 17.v.2008, 2° mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-02-2-37.</p><p>Etymology: The species epithet combines ‘ brevis ’ (L. = short) and ‘ scapus ’ (L. = stalk), referring to the relatively short antennal scapes of this species.</p><p>Notes: Nylanderia breviscapa workers most closely resemble those of N. austroccidua but with a more compact overall appearance, relatively shorter scapes that barely surpass the posterior margin of the head, and meso- and metacoxae that are about the same color as the mesosoma. The known range of this species is limited to high elevation forests in the southern state of Chiapas, Mexico (Fig. 2B).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC2823156E3241FF692C49FC05F86F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Williams, Jason L.;Williams, John F.;Lapolla, John S.;Lucky, Andrea	Williams, Jason L., Williams, John F., Lapolla, John S., Lucky, Andrea (2025): Nylanderia of the World, Part IV: Taxonomic contributions to the American Clade I of New World Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 5569 (3): 549-593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10
03EC28231569325FFF692E3AFB6EFEE9.text	03EC28231569325FFF692E3AFB6EFEE9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nylanderia contraria Williams & Williams & Lapolla & Lucky 2025	<div><p>Nylanderia contraria, sp. nov.</p><p>Figs. 17–19 (worker); Figs. 20–21 (queen); Figs. 22–25 (male)</p><p>Holotype worker, MEXICO: Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69164&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04802" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69164/lat 18.04802)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 18.04802 -96.69164 ±30m, elev. 1028m, 12.vi.2016, liquidambar/ cloud forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-136 (USNM: USNMENT01130973). 5 paratype workers, 3 paratype queens, and 2 paratype males with same locality data as holotype ( USNM: USNMENT01131808, USNMENT01131970, USNMENT01131971, USNMENT01131974, USNMENT01131975, USNMENT01131977; MNCR: USNMENT01131972, USNMENT01131973, USNMENT01131976, USNMENT01131978).</p><p>Worker diagnosis: Antennae relatively short, with scapes surpassing posterior margin of head by about a third of their length; dark brown, with antennae, mandibles, leg joints, and tarsi yellow in contrast to body; meso-and metacoxae whitish, strongly contrasting with mesosoma; fine cuticular microsculpture resulting in moderate to strong blue iridescence on head and mesosoma; dense cephalic pubescence; posterior margin of head slightly to moderately emarginate.</p><p>Compare with: N. austroccidua, N. polita .</p><p>WORKER. Measurements (n=11): TL: 1.67–2.19; EL: 0.10–0.12; EW: 0.08–0.09; IOD: 0.26–0.33; HE: 0.01; HL: 0.52–0.58; HW: 0.43–0.50; HLA: 0.18–0.20; HLP: 0.23–0.27; SL: 0.55–0.62; PW: 0.29–0.36; MW: 0.17–0.20; PrW: 0.23–0.26; PDH: 0.12–0.21; PTW: 0.10–0.24; LHT: 0.45–0.51; WL: 0.58–0.68; GL: 0.57–0.95; SMC: 5–7; PMC: 2–3; MMC: 2. Indices: BLI: 130–144; CI: 81–85; EPI: 69–78; HTI: 101–109; REL: 18–22; SI: 118–132.</p><p>Color: dark brown with yellow to yellow-brown antennae, mandibles, leg joints, and tarsi; meso- and metacoxae whitish, strongly contrasting with rest of body; overall cuticle with fine microsculpture resulting in moderate to strong blue iridescence on head and mesosoma. Pilosity: dense cephalic pubescence covering all surfaces of head in full-face view; mesosoma pubescence sparse to absent, limited at most to scattered hairs on pronotum and propodeum, and a fringe of hairs concentrated just posterior to the metanotal groove; gaster pubescence sparse to absent; pair of small, erect setae on apex of petiole. Head: longer than broad and quadrate with distinct posterolateral corners and flattened posterior margin, usually with slight to moderate emargination; scapes surpass posterior margin of head by about a third of their length; median ocellus often large and apparent; lateral ocelli small and often absent or not apparent. Mesosoma: promesonotal area flat to evenly convex in profile view, with posterior margin of pronotum continuous or nearly continuous with anterior margin of mesonotum; propodeum low and evenly rounded, with posterior face at most slightly longer than dorsal face.</p><p>QUEEN. Measurements (n=3): TL: 3.36–3.61; EL: 0.18–0.19; HL: 0.62–0.64; HW: 0.62–0.63; SL: 0.62–0.64; WL: 1.03–1.10; GL: 1.70–1.90. Indices: BLI: 164–177; CI: 97–100; REL: 29–30; SI: 100–102.</p><p>Moderately sized. Color: Medium to dark brown, with whitish meso- and metacoxae. Pilosity: most of body covered in moderate to dense pubescence; lacking pubescence on posterior face of propodeum; 1-4 small, erect setae on anepisternum.</p><p>MALE. Measurements (n=2): TL: 1.90–1.95; EL: 0.16; HL: 0.47; HW: 0.41–0.43; SL: 0.51–0.52; WL: 0.66– 0.69; GL: 0.77–0.79. Indices: BLI: 152–167; CI: 88–91; REL: 33–35; SI: 121–123.</p><p>Color: medium to dark brown with yellow to yellow-brown antennae, mandibles, and tarsi; whitish meso- and metacoxae. Pilosity: dense pubescence on head, mesoscutum, and mesoscutellum; pubescence sparse to absent on pronotum, anepisternum, katepisternum, propodeum, and gaster. Head: as broad as long; compound eyes surpass lateral margins of head in full-face view; scapes surpass posterior margin of head by about a third of their length. Mesosoma: In profile view, propodeum gently and evenly rounded, with dorsal face about as long as posterior face. Genitalia: gonopod narrow and triangular, with apex coming to a point and slightly turned upward (Fig. 71); in ventral view, ventromedial edge of basivolsella strongly angled at base and sloping laterally toward cuspis (Fig. 24); gonossiculus mostly straight and about twice as long as cuspis.</p><p>Other material examined: MEXICO: Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99372&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.52123" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99372/lat 19.52123)">8km WSW Xalapa</a>, 19.52123 -96.99372 ± 100m, elev. 1570m, 24.vi.2016, cloud forest, baiting, ADMAC#Ba-F-05-4-01-11; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69193&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.0479" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69193/lat 18.0479)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 18.0479 -96.69193 ± 30m, elev. 1021m, 12.vi.2016, liquidambar/cloud forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-137; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69252&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69252/lat 18.04756)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 18.04756 -96.69252 ± 30m, elev. 1011m, 12.vi.2016,, liquidambar/cloud forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-138; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.68953&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04773" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.68953/lat 18.04773)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 18.04773 -96.68953 ± 30m, elev. 1041m, 14.vi.2016, liquidambar/cloud forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-145; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69198&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04784" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69198/lat 18.04784)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 18.04784 -96.69198 ± 30m, elev. 1019m, 14.vi.2016, liquidambar/cloud forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-146; Oaxaca, above <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69106&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.05241" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69106/lat 18.05241)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 18.05241 -96.69106 ± 30m, elev. 1374m, 14.vi.2016, mixed hardwood forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-148; Oaxaca, above <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69183&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.05367" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69183/lat 18.05367)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 18.05367 -96.69183 ± 30m, elev. 1459m, 14.vi.2016, mixed hardwood forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-149; Oaxaca, above <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69207&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.05419" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69207/lat 18.05419)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 18.05419 -96.69207 ± 30m, elev. 1508m, 14.vi.2016, mixed hardwood forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-150; Oaxaca, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.76884&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.11476" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.76884/lat 18.11476)">Cerro</a> 71, 18.11476 -96.76884 ± 30m, elev. 1437m, 15.vi.2016, mixed hardwood forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-152; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.7934&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.14653" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.7934/lat 18.14653)">Agua de Hueso</a>, 18.14653 -96.7934 ± 30m, elev. 1915m, 15.vi.2016, scrubby cloud forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-153; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69065&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04847" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69065/lat 18.04847)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04847 -96.69065 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-1-18; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69065&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04879" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69065/lat 18.04879)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04879 -96.69065 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa- F-04-1-25; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69065&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04892" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69065/lat 18.04892)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04892 -96.69065 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-1-28; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69065&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04901" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69065/lat 18.04901)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04901 -96.69065 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-1-30; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.6907&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.0486" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.6907/lat 18.0486)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.0486 -96.6907 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-1-32; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69101&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.0486" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69101/lat 18.0486)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.0486 -96.69101 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-1-38; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69106&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.0486" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69106/lat 18.0486)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.0486 -96.69106 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-1-39; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69116&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.0486" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69116/lat 18.0486)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.0486 -96.69116 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-1-41; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69121&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.0486" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69121/lat 18.0486)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.0486 -96.69121 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-1-42; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69132&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.0486" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69132/lat 18.0486)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.0486 -96.69132 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa- F-04-1-44; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69147&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.0486" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69147/lat 18.0486)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.0486 -96.69147 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-1-47; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.6903&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04736" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.6903/lat 18.04736)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04736 -96.6903 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-01; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69018&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04745" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69018/lat 18.04745)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04745 -96.69018 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-04; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69014&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04748" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69014/lat 18.04748)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04748 -96.69014 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-05; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69002&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04756" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69002/lat 18.04756)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04756 -96.69002 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa- F-04-2-08; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.68999&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04759" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.68999/lat 18.04759)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04759 -96.68999 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-09; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.68995&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04762" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.68995/lat 18.04762)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04762 -96.68995 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-10; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.68991&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04765" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.68991/lat 18.04765)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04765 -96.68991 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-11; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.68954&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04804" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.68954/lat 18.04804)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04804 -96.68954 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-24; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.68967&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04818" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.68967/lat 18.04818)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04818 -96.68967 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa- F-04-2-28; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.68974&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04825" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.68974/lat 18.04825)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04825 -96.68974 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-30; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.68977&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04828" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.68977/lat 18.04828)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04828 -96.68977 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-31; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.68984&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04835" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.68984/lat 18.04835)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04835 -96.68984 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-33; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.68987&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04839" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.68987/lat 18.04839)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04839 -96.68987 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-34; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.68994&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04846" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.68994/lat 18.04846)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04846 -96.68994 ± 20m, 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2- 36; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04846" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69027/lat 18.04846)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04846 -96.69027 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-46; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69037&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04835" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69037/lat 18.04835)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04835 -96.69037 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-49; Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99184&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.5213" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99184/lat 19.5213)">8km WSW Xalapa</a>, 19.5213 -96.99184 ± 20m, elev. 1520m, 22.vi.2016, cloud forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-05-1-25; Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99216&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.52107" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99216/lat 19.52107)">8km WSW Xalapa</a>, 19.52107 -96.99216 ± 20m, elev. 1530m, 22.vi.2016, cloud forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa- F-05-1-33; Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99236&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.52092" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99236/lat 19.52092)">8km WSW Xalapa</a>, 19.52092 -96.99236 ± 20m, elev. 1530m, 22.vi.2016, cloud forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-05-1-38; Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99063&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.5219" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99063/lat 19.5219)">8km WSW Xalapa</a>, 19.5219 -96.99063 ± 20m, elev. 1500m, 22.vi.2016, cloud forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-05-2-09; Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99086&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.52245" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99086/lat 19.52245)">8km WSW Xalapa</a>, 19.52245 -96.99086 ± 20m, elev. 1500m, 22.vi.2016, cloud forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-05-2-22; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-93.13293&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=17.17602" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -93.13293/lat 17.17602)">5km NE Coapilla</a>, 17.17602 - 93.13293 ± 300m, elev. 1990m, 25.v.2008, mesophil forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-A-04-1; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.90282&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.16841" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.90282/lat 18.16841)">1km E San Jerónimo Tecoatl</a>, 18.16841 -96.90282 ± 10m, elev. 1800m, 12.vi.2016, 2° alder forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm- F-04-1-02; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.83419&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.12357" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.83419/lat 18.12357)">1km SE Huautla</a>, 18.12357 -96.83419 ± 10m, elev. 1650m, 12.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-04-1-03; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.72518&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.05281" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.72518/lat 18.05281)">6km WNW Ayautla</a>, 18.05281 -96.72518 ± 10m, elev. 1570m, 12.vi.2016, 2° mixed hardwood forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-04-1-04; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69096&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.05175" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69096/lat 18.05175)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.05175 -96.69096 ± 20m, elev. 1320m, 14.vi.2016, 2° wet forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-04-1-06; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69192&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.05369" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69192/lat 18.05369)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.05369 -96.69192 ± 20m, elev. 1460m, 14.vi.2016, 2° wet forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-04-1-07; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69253&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.05543" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69253/lat 18.05543)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.05543 -96.69253 ± 20m, elev. 1610m, 14.vi.2016, montane wet forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-04-1-08; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69274&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.05602" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69274/lat 18.05602)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.05602 -96.69274 ± 20m, elev. 1660m, 14.vi.2016, montane wet forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-04- 1-09; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.79799&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.14453" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.79799/lat 18.14453)">5km ENE Huautla</a>, 18.14453 -96.79799 ± 20m, elev. 1890m, 15.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-04-2-02; Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.9909&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.52265" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.9909/lat 19.52265)">8km WSW Xalapa</a>, 19.52265 -96.9909 ± 125m, elev. 1500m, 22.vi.2016, cloud forest, sifted litter,ADMAC#Wm-F-05-2-01; Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99155&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.18823" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99155/lat 19.18823)">Las Cañadas</a>, 19.18823 -96.99155 ± 20m, elev. 1410m, 1.vii.2016, montane wet forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-07-1-06; Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99164&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.19018" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99164/lat 19.19018)">Las Cañadas</a>, 19.19018 -96.99164 ± 20m, elev. 1400m, 1.vii.2016, montane wet forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-07-1-08.</p><p>Etymology: The species epithet is derived from ‘ contrarius ’ (L. = contrary), referring to the strong color contrast observed in this species between the white meso- and metacoxae and the medium to dark brown of the rest of the body.</p><p>Notes: While the overall habitus of N. contraria workers most strongly resembles that of N. austroccidua and N. polita workers, they are most readily distinguished from both of those species by the stark contrast in color between its whitish meso- and metacoxae and dark brown mesosoma. This species is more likely to be confused with N. austroccidua, as these two species have similar cuticular microsculpture that causes a similar amount of blue iridescence, which N. polita lacks entirely. Nylanderia contraria can be found in moderate to high elevation forests in southern Mexico, and its known range is limited to the states of Oaxaca and Veracruz (Fig. 2B).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC28231569325FFF692E3AFB6EFEE9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Williams, Jason L.;Williams, John F.;Lapolla, John S.;Lucky, Andrea	Williams, Jason L., Williams, John F., Lapolla, John S., Lucky, Andrea (2025): Nylanderia of the World, Part IV: Taxonomic contributions to the American Clade I of New World Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 5569 (3): 549-593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10
03EC282315763258FF692934FCD2F84D.text	03EC282315763258FF692934FCD2F84D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nylanderia docilis (Forel 1908)	<div><p>Nylanderia cf. docilis</p><p>Figs. 26–28 (worker); Figs. 29–30 (queen); Figs. 31–34 (male)</p><p>Worker diagnosis: Antennae relatively long, with scapes surpassing posterior margin of head by nearly half their length; usually uniformly yellow with black macrosetae strongly contrasting with overall color; microsculpture and blue iridescence subtle, most visible on head; cephalic pubescence sparse to absent; metatibiae relatively long (HTI&gt; 125).</p><p>Compare with: N. mosaica, N. usul</p><p>WORKER. Measurements (n=26): TL: 1.68–2.33; EL: 0.09–0.13; EW: 0.07–0.10; IOD: 0.27–0.32; HE: 0.00– 0.01; HL: 0.48–0.60; HW: 0.40–0.49; HLA: 0.18–0.22; HLP: 0.22–0.25; SL: 0.53–0.69; PW: 0.29–0.37; MW: 0.15–0.21; PrW: 0.22–0.26; PDH: 0.16–0.22; PTW: 0.09–0.13; LHT: 0.50–0.62; WL: 0.58–0.74; GL: 0.61–1.02; SMC: 6–9; PMC: 2–3; MMC: 2–3. Indices: BLI: 124–152; CI: 81–90; EPI: 76–90; HTI: 121–132; REL: 18–22; SI: 124–147.</p><p>Color: usually uniformly yellow with thick, black macrosetae strongly contrasting with overall color, but sometimes light to medium brown with somewhat lighter meso- and metacoxae; overall cuticle with light microsculpture resulting in subtle blue iridescence on head and mesosoma. Pilosity: sparse cephalic pubescence; mesosoma and gaster pubescence sparse to absent; pair of small, erect setae on apex of petiole. Head: longer than broad and quadrate with distinct posterolateral corners and flattened posterior margin, usually with slight to moderate emargination; scapes long, surpassing posterior margin by nearly half their length; all three ocelli absent or not apparent. Mesosoma: posterior margin of pronotum forming obtuse angle with anterior margin of mesonotum in profile view; propodeum low and evenly rounded, with posterior face about same length as dorsal face.</p><p>QUEEN. Measurements (n=2): TL: 3.13–3.28; EL: 0.18–0.20; HL: 0.66–0.67; HW: 0.63; SL: 0.79–0.81; WL: 1.21–1.24; GL: 1.22–1.41. Indices: BLI: 183–185; CI: 94–96; REL: 27–29; SI: 125–128.</p><p>Moderately sized. Color: Uniformly yellow-brown. Pilosity: most of body covered in moderate to dense pubescence; lacking pubescence on posterior face of propodeum; 4-5 small, erect setae on anepisternum.</p><p>MALE. Measurements (n=2): TL: 1.95–2.14; EL: 0.16; HL: 0.46–0.47; HW: 0.41; SL: 0.59–0.61; WL: 0.74– 0.77; GL: 0.75–0.90. Indices: BLI: 181–189; CI: 86–88; REL: 35; SI: 144–149.</p><p>Color: yellow to yellow-brown, with posterior half of head somewhat darker in contrast; metacoxae concolorous with mesosoma. Pilosity: dense pubescence on head, mesoscutum, and mesoscutellum; small patch of pubescence found medially on pronotum, but absent laterally; pubescence sparse to absent on anepisternum, katepisternum, propodeum, and gaster; 1-2 small, erect setae on anepisternum. Head: as broad as long; compound eyes surpass lateral margins of head in full-face view; scapes surpass posterior margin of head by about a third of their length. Mesosoma: In profile view, propodeum angled with dorsal face somewhat longer than posterior face. Genitalia: gonopod narrow and triangular, with apex rounded and slightly turned upward (Fig. 71); in ventral view, ventromedial edge of basivolsella lobate and strongly rounded, with cuspis strongly curved dorsally and almost entirely obscured by basivolsella (Fig. 33); gonossiculus mostly straight and more than three times as long as cuspis.</p><p>Other material examined: BELIZE: Cayo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.986&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.733" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.986/lat 16.733)">Los Cuevas Field Station</a>, ca. 15km E Caracol, 16.733 -88.986 ± 500m, elev. 581m, 29.vi.2019, montane forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2019-009; Stann Creek, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.397&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.927" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.397/lat 16.927)">Bocawina</a>, ca. 15km W Dangriga, 16.927 -88.397 ± 500m, elev. 86m, 3.vii.2019, rainforest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2019-011; Stann Creek, TREES Field Station, ca. 37km W Dangriga, 17.05 -88.57 ± 500m, elev. 222m, 25.vi.2019, 2° rainforest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2019-005; COSTA RICA: San José, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.9525&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.58121" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.9525/lat 9.58121)">8km S Santa Maria</a>, 9.58121 -83.9525 ± 1000m, elev. 1470m, 30.vi.2015, cloud forest, Krissy Dominguez #KD15-11-09; GUATEMALA: Izabal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.8662&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.51214" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.8662/lat 15.51214)">5km NW Morales</a>, 15.51214 -88.8662 ± 58m, elev. 215m, 18.v.2009, 2° lowland rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-B-04-1-10; Izabal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.8648&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.51077" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.8648/lat 15.51077)">5km NW Morales</a>, 15.51077 -88.8648 ± 38m, elev. 190m, 18.v.2009, 2° lowland rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-B-04-2-01; Izabal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.86326&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.5103" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.86326/lat 15.5103)">5km NW Morales</a>, 15.5103 -88.86326 ± 45m, elev. 170m, 18.v.2009, 2° lowland rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-B-04-2-02; Izabal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.70953&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.41307" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.70953/lat 15.41307)">16km ESE Morales</a>, 15.41307 -88.70953 ± 30m, elev. 410m, 19.v.2009, 2° lowland rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-B-04-2-06; Izabal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.69683&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.41764" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.69683/lat 15.41764)">16km ESE Morales</a>, 15.41764 -88.69683 ± 70m, elev. 410m, 19.v.2009, 2° lowland rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-B-04-2-09; Petén, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-89.7187&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=17.00266" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -89.7187/lat 17.00266)">Cerro Cahuí</a>, 17.00266 -89.7187 ± 8m, elev. 290m, 21.v.2009, tropical moist forest at night, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wx-B-05-1-01; HONDURAS: Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.452&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.72521" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.452/lat 15.72521)">7km SSW Tela</a>, 15.72521 -87.452 ± 20m, elev. 190m, 15.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-08-2-02; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.45187&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.72417" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.45187/lat 15.72417)">7km SSW Tela</a>, 15.72417 -87.45187 ± 20m, elev. 190m, 15.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-08-2- 25; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.86436&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.69449" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.86436/lat 15.69449)">12km SW La Ceiba</a>, 15.69449 -86.86436 ± 20m, elev. 200m, 19.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-09-1-04; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.86348&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.69449" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.86348/lat 15.69449)">12km SW La Ceiba</a>, 15.69449 -86.86348 ± 20m, elev. 200m, 19.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-09-1-23; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.86334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.69449" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.86334/lat 15.69449)">12km SW La Ceiba</a>, 15.69449 -86.86334 ± 20m, elev. 200m, 19.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-09-1-26; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.86279&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.69449" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.86279/lat 15.69449)">12km SW La Ceiba</a>, 15.69449 -86.86279 ± 20m, elev. 200m, 19.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-09-1-38; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.86084&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.69108" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.86084/lat 15.69108)">12km SW La Ceiba</a>, 15.69108 -86.86084 ± 20m, elev. 280m, 19.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-09-2-24; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.86107&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.69112" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.86107/lat 15.69112)">12km SW La Ceiba</a>, 15.69112 -86.86107 ± 20m, elev. 280m, 19.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-09-2-29; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.86138&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.6913" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.86138/lat 15.6913)">12km SW La Ceiba</a>, 15.6913 -86.86138 ± 20m, elev. 280m, 19.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-09-2-39; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.86122&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.6916" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.86122/lat 15.6916)">12km SW La Ceiba</a>, 15.6916 -86.86122 ± 20m, elev. 280m, 19.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-09-2-47; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.86119&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.69164" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.86119/lat 15.69164)">12km SW La Ceiba</a>, 15.69164 -86.86119 ± 20m, elev. 280m, 19.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa- C-09-2-48; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.86116&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.69167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.86116/lat 15.69167)">12km SW La Ceiba</a>, 15.69167 -86.86116 ± 20m, elev. 280m, 19.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-09-2-49; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.4497&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.72792" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.4497/lat 15.72792)">7km SSW Tela</a>, 15.72792 -87.4497 ± 20m, elev. 120m, 16.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-08-1-04; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.4497&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.72792" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.4497/lat 15.72792)">7km SSW Tela</a>, 15.72792 -87.4497 ± 20m, elev. 120m, 16.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-08-1-05; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.47797&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.693738" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.47797/lat 15.693738)">10km SSW Tela</a>, 15.6937377 -87.47797 ± 20m, elev. 770m, 17.vi.2010, tropical wet forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-08-1-09; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.47451&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.69714" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.47451/lat 15.69714)">10km SSW Tela</a>, 15.69714 -87.47451 ± 20m, elev. 610m, 17.vi.2010, tropical wet forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-08-2-02; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.47202&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.69914" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.47202/lat 15.69914)">10km SSW Tela</a>, 15.69914 -87.47202 ± 20m, elev. 520m, 17.vi.2010, tropical wet forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-08-2-04; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.47304&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.70207" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.47304/lat 15.70207)">9km SSW Tela</a>, 15.70207 -87.47304 ± 20m, elev. 450m, 17.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-08-2-05; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.47291&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.70493" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.47291/lat 15.70493)">9km SSW Tela</a>, 15.70493 -87.47291 ± 20m, elev. 410m, 17.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-08-2-06; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.46623&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.70914" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.46623/lat 15.70914)">8km SSW Tela</a>, 15.70914 -87.46623 ± 20m, elev. 330m, 17.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C- 08-2-08; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.86338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.69445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.86338/lat 15.69445)">12km SW La Ceiba</a>, 15.69445 -86.86338 ± 300m, elev. 140m, 19.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-09-1-01; Atlántida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.86338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.69445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.86338/lat 15.69445)">12km SW La Ceiba</a>, 15.69445 -86.86338 ± 300m, elev. 140m, 19.vi.2010, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-09-2-01; Comayagua, PN Cerro Azul Meambar, 14.87314 -87.90297 ± 30m, elev. 890m, 22.v.2010, montane rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-04-1-07; Comayagua, PN Cerro Azul Meambar, 14.87238 -87.90332 ± 20m, elev. 870m, 22.v.2010, montane rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-04-1-08; Comayagua, PN Cerro Azul Meambar, 14.86993 -87.90479 ± 110m, elev. 770m, 21.v.2010, montane rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-04-2-01; MEXICO: Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.73333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=17.18333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.73333/lat 17.18333)">13.7km NW Metzabok</a>, 17.18333 -91.73333, elev. 540m, 14.vii.2007, J.T. Longino #JTL6046-s; Chiapas, Lagos de Montebello, Cinco Lagos, 16.1 -91.66667, elev. 1600m, 21.vii.2007, R.S. Anderson #RSA2007-023; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-90.90146&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.13853" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -90.90146/lat 16.13853)">2km S Playón de la Gloria</a>, 16.13853 -90.90146 ± 50m, elev. 170m, 22.vii.2007, rainforest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2007-025; Chiapas, 2km S Playón de la Gloria, 16.13333 -90.9, elev. 170m, 22.vii.2007, R.S. Anderson #RSA2007-026; Chiapas, 2.5km S Nuevo San Juan Chamula, 16.11667 -91.45, elev. 750m, 22.vii.2007, R.S. Anderson #RSA2007- 028; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-90.90142&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.16095" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -90.90142/lat 16.16095)">Playón de la Gloria</a>, 16.16095 -90.90142 ± 50m, elev. 160m, 24.vi.2008, mature wet forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-09-1-39; Chiapas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-90.89549&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.14721" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -90.89549/lat 16.14721)">Playón de la Gloria</a>, 16.14721 -90.89549 ± 50m, elev. 170m, 24.vi.2008, 2° wet forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-A-09-2-39; Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.69164&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.04802" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.69164/lat 18.04802)">Cafetal Carlota</a>, 18.04802 -96.69164 ± 30m, elev. 1028m, 12.vi.2016, liquidambar/cloud forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-136.</p><p>Notes: Workers of this species exhibit some variability in overall color, ranging from uniformly yellow across most of its range to light brown with somewhat lighter meso- and metacoxae in some specimens collected from Belize. Because of its uniform yellow color, N. cf. docilis most readily resembles N. mosaica and the lighter form N. usul . However, cephalic pubescence is sparse in N. cf. docilis, moderate in N. mosaica, and moderate to dense in N. usul . The gaster is also about the same color as the rest of the body in N. cf. docilis, while in N. mosaica, the gaster is distinctly darker. Compared to all other species examined in this study, N. cf. docilis also has the longest metatibiae relative to its head width (HTI&gt; 125; Fig. 72D). Nylanderia cf. docilis has a distribution across low to moderate elevation forests from southern Mexico to Honduras.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC282315763258FF692934FCD2F84D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Williams, Jason L.;Williams, John F.;Lapolla, John S.;Lucky, Andrea	Williams, Jason L., Williams, John F., Lapolla, John S., Lucky, Andrea (2025): Nylanderia of the World, Part IV: Taxonomic contributions to the American Clade I of New World Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 5569 (3): 549-593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10
03EC282315723256FF6928CDFC69FA69.text	03EC282315723256FF6928CDFC69FA69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nylanderia lazulina Williams & Williams & Lapolla & Lucky 2025	<div><p>Nylanderia lazulina, sp. nov</p><p>Figs. 35–37 (worker); Figs. 38–39 (queen); Figs. 40–43 (male)</p><p>Holotype worker, MEXICO: Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.05817 -96.64624 ±20m, elev. 390m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-2-36, (USNM: USNMENT01131154). 5 paratype workers with same locality data as holotype (USNM: USNMENT01131308, USNMENT01131309; MNCR: USNMENT01131310, USNMENT01131311, USNMENT01131312). 1 paratype worker, 2 paratype males, and 1 paratype queen, MEXICO: Oaxaca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.64624&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.0593" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.64624/lat 18.0593)">Uluapan</a>, 4km NE San BartoloméAyautla, 18.0593 -96.64624 ±20m, elev.420m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-2-13, (USNM: USNMENT01131339, USNMENT01131866; MNCR: USNMENT01131865).</p><p>Worker diagnosis: Antennae relatively long, with scapes surpassing posterior margin by nearly half their length; medium to dark reddish-brown and with strongly contrasting whitish meso- and metacoxae; microsculpture very finely matte, causing intense blue iridescence on head, mesosoma, and gaster; erect setae on all parts of body thick, long, and dark; sparse thick erect setae on scapes that strongly contrast with relatively fine appressed pubescence; moderate cephalic pubescence; metatibiae relatively long (HTI&gt; 125).</p><p>Compare with: N. contraria, N. luceata</p><p>WORKER. Measurements (n=12): TL: 1.99–2.52; EL: 0.12–0.16; EW: 0.09–0.12; IOD: 0.29–0.33; HE: 0.00– 0.01; HL: 0.56–0.69; HW: 0.46–0.55; HLA: 0.17–0.25; HLP: 0.25–0.29; SL: 0.68–0.83; PW: 0.35–0.42; MW: 0.18–0.28; PrW: 0.24–0.31; PDH: 0.22–0.25; PTW: 0.11–0.15; LHT: 0.60–0.76; WL: 0.71–0.88; GL: 0.69–1.00; SMC: 3–6; PMC: 2–4; MMC: 2. Indices: BLI: 147–162; CI: 80–83; EPI: 65–87; HTI: 125–146; REL: 20–24; SI: 143–156.</p><p>Color: medium to dark reddish-brown and with strongly contrasting whitish meso- and metacoxae; black macrosetae strongly contrasting with overall color; overall cuticle with very fine microsculpture, giving cuticle matte appearance and resulting in strong blue iridescence on head, mesosoma, and gaster. Pilosity: erect setae on all parts of body thick, long, and dark; moderate cephalic pubescence, found laterally and concentrated around compound eyes; pubescence sparse to absent between compound eyes; mesosoma pubescence sparse to absent, limited at most to scattered hairs on pronotum and propodeum, and a fringe of hairs concentrated just posterior to the metanotal groove; gaster pubescence sparse to absent; no erect setae on apex of petiole. Head: longer than broad and quadrate with distinct posterolateral corners and flattened posterior margin, with little to no medial emargination; scapes long, surpassing posterior margin by nearly half their length; median ocellus small, but often apparent; lateral ocelli small and often absent or not apparent. Mesosoma: posterior margin of pronotum forming obtuse angle with anterior margin of mesonotum in profile view; propodeum low and evenly rounded, with posterior face about same length as dorsal face.</p><p>QUEEN. Measurements (n=1): TL: 3.74; EL: 0.21; HL: 0.71; HW: 0.71; SL: 0.81; WL: 1.18; GL: 1.85. Indices: BLI: 165; CI: 99; REL: 30; SI: 114.</p><p>Relatively large. Color: Dark brown, with meso- and metacoxae somewhat lighter. Pilosity: most of body covered in moderate to dense pubescence; lacking pubescence on posterior face of propodeum; 1-2 small, erect setae on anepisternum.</p><p>MALE. Measurements (n=2): TL: 1.98–2.06; EL: 0.17–0.18; HL: 0.50–0.51; HW: 0.44–0.45; SL: 0.62–0.63; WL: 0.74; GL: 0.74–0.82. Indices: BLI: 165–167; CI: 87–89; REL: 33–35; SI: 140–142.</p><p>Color: uniformly medium brown with meso- and metacoxae at most somewhat lighter than mesosoma. Pilosity: dense pubescence on head, mesoscutum, and mesoscutellum; pubescence sparse to absent on pronotum, anepisternum, katepisternum, propodeum, and gaster. Head: as broad as long; compound eyes surpass lateral margins of head in full-face view; scapes surpass posterior margin of head by about half their length. Mesosoma: In profile view, propodeum angled with dorsal face twice as long as posterior face. Genitalia: gonopod triangular and very broad at base, tapering strongly with apex steeply upturned and coming to a point (Fig. 71); in ventral view, ventromedial edge of basivolsella weakly and evenly curved (Fig. 42); gonossiculus straight and nearly three times longer than cuspis.</p><p>Other material examined: GUATEMALA: Retalhuleu, Finca los Chicharros, SW Zunil, 14.6946 -91.53792 ± 50m, elev. 1273m, 3.vi.2015, mixed hardwood, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2015-102; Zacapa, 2km SE La Unión, 14.94654 -89.276 ± 55m, elev. 1550m, 12.v.2009, 2° cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-B-03-1-01; Zacapa, 2km SE La Unión, 14.94758 -89.27751 ± 28m, elev. 1530m, 12.v.2009, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-B-03-1-02; Zacapa, 2km SE La Unión, 14.94654 -89.276 ± 305m, elev. 1550m, 12.v.2009, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-B-03-1-06; HONDURAS: Comayagua, Montana Comayagua, 14.53448 - 87.55155 ± 100m, elev. 1360m, 16.v.2009, mixed liquidambar forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2009-031; Olancho, Parque Nacional La Muralla, 15.0943 -86.7387 ± 50m, elev. 1420m, 2.v.2010, cloud forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2010-002; Olancho, Parque Nacional La Muralla, 15.09387 -86.73934 ± 50m, elev. 1410m, 2.v.2010, cloud forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2010-003; Olancho, 9km N Catacamas, 14.93693 -85.90535 ± 20m, elev. 1360m, 10.v.2010, mixed hardwood forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2010-020; Comayagua, PN Cerro Azul Meambar, 14.86937 -87.89583 ± 20m, elev. 1140m, 20.v.2010, ridgetop cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-04-2-48; Comayagua, PN Cerro Azul Meambar, 14.86932 -87.89576 ± 20m, elev. 1140m, 20. v.2010, ridgetop cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-04-2-50; Cortés, PN Cusuco, 15.48683 -88.2343 ± 20m, elev. 1330m, 30.v.2010, mesophyll forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-06-1-24; Cortés, PN Cusuco, 15.48683 - 88.23425 ± 20m, elev. 1330m, 30.v.2010, mesophyll forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-06-1-25; Cortés, PN Cusuco, 15.48686 -88.23402 ± 20m, elev. 1330m, 30.v.2010, mesophyll forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-06-1- 30; Cortés, PN Cusuco, 15.48686 -88.23398 ± 20m, elev. 1330m, 30.v.2010, mesophyll forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-06-1-31; Cortés, PN Cusuco, 15.4894 -88.2363 ± 20m, elev. 1290m, 30.v.2010, mesophyll forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-06-2-14; Cortés, PN Cusuco, 15.4894 -88.23639 ± 20m, elev. 1290m, 30.v.2010, mesophyll forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-06-2-16; Cortés, PN Cusuco, 15.48932 -88.23752 ± 20m, elev. 1290m, 30.v.2010, mesophyll forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-06-2-43; Cortés, PN Cusuco, 15.48915 -88.23745 ± 20m, elev. 1290m, 30.v.2010, mesophyll forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-C-06-2-47; Olancho, PN La Muralla, 15.09734 -86.73912 ± 20m, elev. 1490m, 2.v.2010, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-01-1-01; Olancho, PN La Muralla, 15.09803 -86.7399 ± 20m, elev. 1500m, 2.v.2010, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-01-1- 02; Olancho, PN La Muralla, 15.09859 -86.74216 ± 10m, elev. 1510m, 2.v.2010, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-01-1-03; Olancho, PN La Muralla, 15.09911 -86.74067 ± 125m, elev. 1530m, 2.v.2010, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-01-1-05; Olancho, PN La Muralla, 15.09489 -86.73944 ± 125m, elev. 1420m, 2.v.2010, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-01-2-01; Comayagua, PN Cerro Azul Meambar, 14.87112 - 87.89938 ± 300m, elev. 1100m, 20.v.2010, ridgetop cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-04-1-01; Comayagua, PN Cerro Azul Meambar, 14.86951 -87.89701 ± 300m, elev. 1150m, 20.v.2010, ridgetop cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-04-1-02; Comayagua, PN Cerro Azul Meambar, 14.87236 -87.90098 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 22. v.2010, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-04-1-05; Comayagua, PN Cerro Azul Meambar, 14.87209 - 87.90187 ± 20m, elev. 1000m, 22.v.2010, montane rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-04-1-06; Comayagua, PN Cerro Azul Meambar, 14.87314 -87.90297 ± 30m, elev. 890m, 22.v.2010, montane rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-04-1-07; Comayagua, PN Cerro Azul Meambar, 14.87238 -87.90332 ± 20m, elev. 870m, 22. v.2010, montane rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-04-1-08; Comayagua, PN Cerro Azul Meambar, 14.86993 -87.90479 ± 110m, elev. 770m, 21.v.2010, montane rainforest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-04-2-01; Atlántida, 10km SSW Tela, 15.69652 -87.47636 ± 20m, elev. 660m, 17.vi.2010, tropical wet forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm- C-08-2-01; MEXICO: Puebla, 1.4km WSW Hueytamalco, 19.93725 -97.30273 ± 50m, elev. 760m, 12.vi.2019, mesophyl forest, sifted litter, J.T. Longino #JTL10644-s; Veracruz, 10km NNW Sontecomapan, 18.58333 -95.08333 ±m, elev. 500m, 21.iii.1985, rainforest, P.S. Ward #PSW7369-41; Veracruz, 10km NNW Sontecomapan, 18.58333 -95.08333 ±m, elev. 500m, 21.iii.1985, rainforest, sifted litter, P.S. Ward #PSW7369-41; Veracruz, Road to Ruiz Cortinez, 18.51999 -95.16196 ± 30m, elev. 1054m, 5.vi.2016, liquidambar forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-104; Veracruz, Road to Ruiz Cortinez, 18.5229 -95.15441 ± 30m, elev. 1114m, 5.vi.2016, mixed hardwood forest, sifted litter, R.S.Anderson #RSA2016-105; Veracruz, hills above Ruiz Cortinez, 18.5304 -95.14127 ± 30m, elev. 1239m, 7.vi.2016, hilltop hardwood forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-110; Oaxaca, Cafetal Carlota, 18.04756 -96.69252 ± 30m, elev. 1011m, 12.vi.2016, liquidambar/cloud forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-138; Oaxaca, Cafetal Carlota, 18.04773 -96.68953 ± 30m, elev. 1041m, 14.vi.2016, liquidambar/cloud forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-145; Oaxaca, Cafetal Carlota, 18.04784 -96.69198 ± 30m, elev. 1019m, 14.vi.2016, liquidambar/cloud forest, sifted litter, R.S.Anderson #RSA2016-146; Oaxaca, Cafetal Carlota, 18.04791 -96.69076 ± 30m, elev. 1035m, 14.vi.2016, liquidambar/cloud forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2016-147; Veracruz, Est. Biol. Los Tuxtlas, 18.5863 -95.07665 ± 20m, elev. 180m, 29.v.2016, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-01-2-17; Veracruz, Est. Biol. Los Tuxtlas, 18.58557 -95.07665 ± 20m, elev. 180m, 29.v.2016, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-01-2-33; Veracruz, Est. Biol. Los Tuxtlas, 18.58539 -95.07665 ± 20m, elev. 180m, 29.v.2016, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-01-2-37; Veracruz, Ruiz Cortínez, 12 km NE San Andrés Tuxtla, 18.53399 -95.14888 ± 20m, elev. 1130m, 3.vi.2016, montane wet forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-02-1-10; Veracruz, Ruiz Cortínez, 12 km NE San Andrés Tuxtla, 18.53412 -95.14974 ± 20m, elev. 1130m, 3.vi.2016, montane wet forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-02-1-27; Veracruz, Ruiz Cortínez, 12 km NE San Andrés Tuxtla, 18.53399 -95.14765 ± 20m, elev. 1130m, 3.vi.2016, montane wet forest, sifted litter,ADMAC#Wa- F-02-1-44; Veracruz, Ruiz Cortínez, 12 km NE San Andrés Tuxtla, 18.53399 -95.14734 ± 20m, elev. 1130m, 3.vi.2016, montane wet forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-02-1-50; Veracruz, Ruiz Cortínez, 12 km NE San Andrés Tuxtla, 18.53231 -95.14302 ± 20m, elev. 1130m, 3.vi.2016, montane wet forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-02-2- 23; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.06001 -96.64345 ± 20m, elev. 430m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-1-02; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.06001 - 96.6435 ± 20m, elev. 430m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-1-03; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.06001 -96.64355 ± 20m, elev. 430m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-1-04; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.06001 -96.64458 ± 20m, elev. 430m, 9.vi.2016,lowland rainforest, sifted litter,ADMAC#Wa-F-03-1-24; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.06001 -96.64463 ± 20m, elev. 430m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-1- 25; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.05957 -96.64579 ± 20m, elev. 430m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-2-02; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.05952 - 96.64588 ± 20m, elev. 430m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-2-04; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.05939 -96.64615 ± 20m, elev. 420m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-2-10; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.05936 -96.64619 ± 20m, elev. 420m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter,ADMAC#Wa-F-03-2-11; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.05934 -96.64624 ± 20m, elev. 420m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-2- 12; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.05925 -96.64624 ± 20m, elev. 420m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-2-14; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.05889 - 96.64624 ± 20m, elev. 410m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-2-22; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.05866 -96.64624 ± 20m, elev. 400m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-2-25; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.0583 -96.64624 ± 20m, elev. 400m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-2-33; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.05821 -96.64624 ± 20m, elev. 390m, 9.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-03-2- 35; Oaxaca, Cafetal Carlota, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.0486 -96.69106 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-1-39; Oaxaca, Cafetal Carlota, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.0486 -96.69127 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-1-43; Oaxaca, Cafetal Carlota, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.0486 -96.69147 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa- F-04-1-47; Oaxaca, Cafetal Carlota, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04736 -96.6903 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-01; Oaxaca, Cafetal Carlota, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04745 - 96.69018 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-04; Oaxaca, Cafetal Carlota, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04753 -96.69006 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-07; Oaxaca, Cafetal Carlota, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04762 -96.68995 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-10; Oaxaca, Cafetal Carlota, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04804 -96.68954 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-24; Oaxaca, Cafetal Carlota, 3km NW Ayautla, 18.04807 -96.68957 ± 20m, elev. 1040m, 13.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-04-2-25; Veracruz, Est. Biol. Los Tuxtlas, 18.5862 -95.07964 ± 20m, elev. 260m, 30.v.2016, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-01-1-02; Veracruz, Est. Biol. Los Tuxtlas, 18.583 - 95.08223 ± 20m, elev. 360m, 30.v.2016, tropical rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-01-1-04; Veracruz, 8km NNE Soteapan, 18.30208 -94.85354 ± 20m, elev. 1020m, 30.v.2016, liquidamber-oak forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-01-1-07; Veracruz, Ruiz Cortínez, 12 km NE San Andrés Tuxtla, 18.53456 -95.13976 ± 20m, elev. 1070m, 2.vi.2016, montane wet forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-02-1-01; Veracruz, Volcan San Martín, 18.53438 -95.19025 ± 20m, elev. 1020m, 5.vi.2016, mature forest edge near pasture, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F- 02-1-04; Veracruz, Volcan San Martín, 18.54332 -95.19177 ± 20m, elev. 1110m, 5.vi.2016, mature wet forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-02-1-05; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.05845 -96.64414 ± 20m, elev. 380m, 8.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-03-1-01; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.05678 -96.64841 ± 20m, elev. 540m, 8.vi.2016,lowland rainforest, sifted litter,ADMAC#Wm- F-03-1-02; Oaxaca, Uluapan, 4km NE San Bartolomé Ayautla, 18.06188 -96.64635 ± 20m, elev. 640m, 11.vi.2016, lowland rainforest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-03-1-05; Oaxaca, 8km E Huautla, 18.11663 -96.7695 ± 20m, elev. 1380m, 15.vi.2016, 2° liquidambar forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-04-1-10; Oaxaca, 10km ENE Huautla, 18.15269 -96.75035 ± 20m, elev. 1150m, 15.vi.2016, vegetated karst pinnacle, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-04-2- 01; Puebla, Cascada Las Brisas, 2km SE Cuetzalan, 20.00549 -97.50801 ± 20m, elev. 930m, 2.vii.2016, montane wet forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-08-1-02; Puebla, Cascada Las Brisas, 2km SE Cuetzalan, 20.00545 - 97.50789 ± 20m, elev. 930m, 2.vii.2016, montane wet forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-08-1-03; Puebla, Presa La Soledad; 11km SE Cuetzalan, 19.96599 -97.45082 ± 20m, elev. 760m, 3.vii.2016, mixed pine-hardwood forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wm-F-08-1-04; NICARAGUA: Matagalpa, RN Cerro Musún, 12.97283 -85.23419 ± 50m, elev. 1170m, 2.v.2011, wet montane forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2011-011; Matagalpa, RN Cerro Musún, 12.97608 -85.23299 ± 50m, elev. 1250m, 2.v.2011, wet montane forest, sifted litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2011-012; Jinotega, PN Cerro Saslaya, 13.77172 -85.01277 ± 10m, elev. 1110m, 12.v.2011, ridgetop cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-03-1-05; Jinotega, PN Cerro Saslaya, 13.76689 -85.02472 ± 10m, elev. 1040m, 12.v.2011, montane wet forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-03-2-10; Jinotega, PN Cerro Saslaya, 13.76749 - 85.02452 ± 13m, elev. 1040m, 12.v.2011, montane wet forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-03-2-24; Jinotega, PN Cerro Saslaya, 13.76792 -85.02438 ± 10m, elev. 1040m, 12.v.2011, montane wet forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa- D-03-2-34; Jinotega, PN Cerro Saslaya, 13.76818 -85.02429 ± 10m, elev. 1040m, 12.v.2011, montane wet forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-03-2-40; Jinotega, RN Datanlí El Diablo, 13.10417 -85.86806 ± 10m, elev. 1400m, 18.v.2011, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-04-2-14; Jinotega, RN Datanlí El Diablo, 13.10436 -85.86787 ± 10m, elev. 1400m, 18.v.2011, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-04-2-20; Jinotega, RN Datanlí El Diablo, 13.10474 -85.86748 ± 10m, elev. 1400m, 18.v.2011, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-04-2-32; Jinotega, RN Cerro Kilambé, 13.56942 -85.69745 ± 10m, 1500m, 23.v.2011, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-05-1- 07; Jinotega, RN Cerro Kilambé, 13.56755 -85.69695 ± 10m, elev. 1420m, 23.v.2011, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-05-2-06; Jinotega, RN Cerro Kilambé, 13.56746 -85.69746 ± 10m, elev. 1400m, 23.v.2011, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-05-2-18; Jinotega, RN Cerro Kilambé, 13.56745 -85.69676 ± 10m, elev. 1440m, 23.v.2011, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-05-2-32; Jinotega, RN Cerro Kilambé, 13.56747 -85.69667 ± 10m, elev. 1440m, 23.v.2011, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-05-2-34; Jinotega, RN Cerro Kilambé, 13.5675 -85.69644 ± 15m, elev. 1440m, 23.v.2011, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-05-2-39; Jinotega, RN Cerro Kilambé, 13.56751 -85.6964 ± 10m, elev. 1440m, 23.v.2011, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-05-2- 40; Jinotega, RN Cerro Kilambé, 13.56754 -85.69621 ± 10m, elev. 1440m, 23.v.2011, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wa-D-05-2-44; Jinotega, PN Cerro Saslaya, 13.771 -85.02538 ± 30m, elev. 1140m, 13.v.2011, montane wet forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-D-03-2-08; Jinotega, RN Datanlí El Diablo, 13.10754 -85.86831 ± 40m, elev. 1450m, 19.v.2011, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-D-04-1-07; Jinotega, RN Datanlí El Diablo, 13.10436 -85.86787 ± 150m, elev. 1400m, 18.v.2011, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-D-04-2-01; Nueva Segovia, 9km NW Jalapa, 13.97735 -86.18887 ± 20m, elev. 1420m, 29.v.2011, oak cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm- D-06-1-05.</p><p>Etymology: The species epithet is derived from ‘ lazulum ’ (L. = sky), referring to the intensity of the brilliant blue iridescence found across the entire cuticle of this species.</p><p>Notes: Nylanderia lazulina workers have whitish meso- and metacoxae like those of N. contraria and N. luceata but are otherwise distinct and not likely to be confused with other species. Unlike all other species, it is medium to dark reddish brown with dense microsculpture that gives the overall surface of the cuticle a matte appearance. It also has a very strong blue iridescence, perhaps more intense than any other known Nylanderia species. This species is primarily found in moderate to high elevation forests ranging from Veracruz, Mexico to Nicaragua (Fig. 2B), and is relatively common across this range compared to other Nylanderia species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC282315723256FF6928CDFC69FA69	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Williams, Jason L.;Williams, John F.;Lapolla, John S.;Lucky, Andrea	Williams, Jason L., Williams, John F., Lapolla, John S., Lucky, Andrea (2025): Nylanderia of the World, Part IV: Taxonomic contributions to the American Clade I of New World Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 5569 (3): 549-593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10
03EC2823157F3250FF692DB4FAC1FA8B.text	03EC2823157F3250FF692DB4FAC1FA8B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nylanderia luceata Williams & Williams & Lapolla & Lucky 2025	<div><p>Nylanderia luceata, sp. nov.</p><p>Figs. 44–46 (worker); Figs. 47–48 (queen)</p><p>Holotype worker, HONDURAS: Cortés, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.23746&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.48572" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.23746/lat 15.48572)">PN Cusuco</a>, 15.48572 -88.23746 ±60m, elev. 1210m, 31.v.2010, mesophyll forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-C-06-2-04 (USNM: USNMENT01131824). 5 paratype workers and 1 paratype queen with same locality data as holotype ( USNM: USNMENT01131241, USNMENT01131816, USNMENT01131817, USNMENT01131867; MNCR: USNMENT01131821, USNMENT01131822).</p><p>Worker diagnosis: Antennae relatively short, with scapes surpassing posterior margin by less than a quarter of their length; light to medium reddish-brown and with meso- and metacoxae lighter than mesosoma; microsculpture and blue iridescence subtle, most visible on head; moderate cephalic pubescence.</p><p>Compare with: N. contraria, N. lazulina</p><p>WORKER. Measurements (n=8): TL: 1.71–2.24; EL: 0.09–0.11; EW: 0.08–0.09; IOD: 0.31–0.34; HE: 0.00– 0.02; HL: 0.53–0.61; HW: 0.45–0.51; HLA: 0.18–0.21; HLP: 0.25–0.29; SL: 0.56–0.62; PW: 0.31–0.37; MW: 0.17–0.20; PrW: 0.24–0.28; PDH: 0.18–0.23; PTW: 0.11–0.13; LHT: 0.50–0.55; WL: 0.62–0.72; GL: 0.55–0.96; SMC: 9–13; PMC: 2–4; MMC: 2–3. Indices: BLI: 131–146; CI: 83–87; EPI: 71–78; HTI: 106–112; REL: 17–19; SI: 119–129.</p><p>Color: light to medium reddish-brown with antennae, mandibles, leg joints, and tarsi yellow to yellow-brown in contrast to body; meso-and metacoxae yellow to whitish and lighter than mesosoma; overall cuticle lightly microsculptured, resulting in subtle blue iridescence on head, mesosoma, and gaster. Pilosity: erect macrosetae on all parts of body thick, long, and dark; moderate cephalic pubescence, found laterally and concentrated around compound eyes; pubescence sparse to absent between compound eyes; mesosoma pubescence sparse to absent, limited at most to scattered hairs on pronotum and propodeum, and a fringe of hairs concentrated just posterior to the metanotal groove; gaster pubescence sparse to absent; pair of small, erect setae on apex of petiole. Head: longer than broad and quadrate with distinct posterolateral corners and flattened posterior margin, with slight to moderate medial emargination; scapes surpass posterior margin of head by less than a quarter of their length; compound eyes relatively small (REL:&lt;19); median ocellus small, but often apparent; lateral ocelli absent or not apparent. Mesosoma: posterior margin of pronotum forming obtuse angle with anterior margin of mesonotum in profile view; propodeum low and evenly rounded, with posterior face about same length as dorsal face.</p><p>QUEEN. Measurements (n=1): TL: 3.98; EL: 0.23; HL: 0.77; HW: 0.72; SL: 0.91; WL: 1.41; GL: 1.80. Indices: BLI: 183; CI: 94; REL: 30; SI: 126.</p><p>Relatively large. Color: uniformly medium reddish-brown. Pilosity: most body covered in moderate to dense pubescence; lacking pubescence on posterior face of propodeum; 1-2 small, erect setae on anepisternum.</p><p>Other material examined: GUATEMALA: San Marcos, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.8837&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.94786" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.8837/lat 14.94786)">Bojonal Road</a>, 14.94786 -91.8837 ± 50m, elev. 1618m, 4.vi.2015, cloud forest, leaf litter, R.S. Anderson #RSA2015-105; MEXICO: Chiapas, 5km NE <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-93.13293&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=17.17602" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -93.13293/lat 17.17602)">Coapilla</a>, 17.17602 -93.13293 ± 300m, elev. 1990m, 25.v.2008, mesophil forest, leaf litter, LLAMA#Wm-A-04-1.</p><p>Etymology: The species epithet is derived from ‘ luceo ’ (L. = to shine).</p><p>Notes: Nylanderia luceata workers, like those of N. lazulina and N. contraria, have whitish meso- and metacoxae that strongly contrast with the color of the mesosoma. However, the body of N. luceata is lighter in overall color, its cuticle is much less microsculptured, and its blue iridescence is much more subtle than both of those species.. Unlike N. contraria, both this species and N. lazulina have only moderate cephalic pubescence, existing mostly as patches around the compound eyes and absent to sparse medially (Fig. 4B). Though subtle, the compound eyes of N. luceata are often slightly smaller than those of all other species in examined in this study. Nylanderia luceata is found in high elevation forests ranging from Chiapas in southern Mexico to the western edge of Honduras (Fig. 2B).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC2823157F3250FF692DB4FAC1FA8B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Williams, Jason L.;Williams, John F.;Lapolla, John S.;Lucky, Andrea	Williams, Jason L., Williams, John F., Lapolla, John S., Lucky, Andrea (2025): Nylanderia of the World, Part IV: Taxonomic contributions to the American Clade I of New World Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 5569 (3): 549-593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10
03EC282315793252FF692D8BFE18FD05.text	03EC282315793252FF692D8BFE18FD05.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nylanderia mendax Williams & Williams & Lapolla & Lucky 2025	<div><p>Nylanderia mendax, sp. nov.</p><p>Figs. 49–51 (worker)</p><p>Holotype worker, GUATEMALA: Zacapa, 2km SE La Unión, 14.95039 -89.27894 ±53m, elev. 1440m, cloud forest, sifted litter, 12.v.2009, cloud forest, sifted litter, LLAMA#Wm-B-03-1-04(USNM: USNMENT01131331). 8paratype workers with same localitydataasholotype(USNM: USNMENT01131210, USNMENT01131328, USNMENT01131329, USNMENT01131330, USNMENT01131332; MNCR: USNMENT01131876, USNMENT01131877, USNMENT01131878).</p><p>Worker diagnosis: Antennae relatively long, with scapes surpassing posterior margin by nearly half their length; medium to dark reddish-brown with yellow to yellow-brown mandibles, antennae, and leg; meso-and metacoxae about same color or somewhat lighter than mesosoma; moderate to fine cuticular microsculpture resulting in moderate to strong blue iridescence on head, mesosoma, and gaster; erect setae on scapes long and dark, strongly contrasting with appressed pubescence; moderate cephalic pubescence; metatibiae relatively long (HTI&gt; 125).</p><p>Compare with: N. mosaica, N. usul .</p><p>WORKER. Measurements (n=6): TL: 2.16–2.52; EL: 0.12–0.14; EW: 0.10–0.11; IOD: 0.32–0.35; HE: 0.00– 0.01; HL: 0.59–0.63; HW: 0.48–0.53; HLA: 0.20–0.23; HLP: 0.24–0.28; SL: 0.70–0.75; PW: 0.36–0.40; MW: 0.19–0.21; PrW: 0.28–0.31; PDH: 0.19–0.26; PTW: 0.12–0.13; LHT: 0.64–0.68; WL: 0.77–0.83; GL: 0.71–1.07; SMC: 11–13; PMC: 2–3; MMC: 2. Indices: BLI: 151–160; CI: 82–85; EPI: 76–95; HTI: 127–134; REL: 20–23; SI: 140–146.</p><p>Color: medium to dark reddish-brown with yellow to yellow-brown mandibles, antennae, and leg joints; meso-and metacoxae about same color or somewhat lighter than mesosoma; overall cuticle moderately to finely microsculptured, resulting in moderate to strong blue iridescence on head, mesosoma, and gaster. Pilosity: erect macrosetae on scapes abundant, long, and dark, strongly contrasting with fine, appressed pubescence; moderate cephalic pubescence, found laterally and concentrated around compound eyes; pubescence sparse to absent between compound eyes; mesosoma pubescence sparse to absent, limited at most to scattered hairs on pronotum and propodeum, and a fringe of hairs concentrated just posterior to the metanotal groove; gaster pubescence sparse to absent; pair of small, erect setae on apex of petiole. Head: longer than broad and quadrate with distinct posterolateral corners and flattened posterior margin, with little to no medial emargination; scapes long, surpassing posterior margin by nearly half their length; median ocellus small, but often apparent; lateral ocelli absent or not apparent. Mesosoma: promesonotal area evenly convex in profile view, with posterior margin of pronotum continuous or nearly continuous with anterior margin of mesonotum; propodeum low and evenly rounded, with posterior face at most slightly longer than dorsal face.</p><p>Etymology: The species epithet is derived from ‘ mendax ’ (L. = deceptive), referring to the species’ strong morphological similarity to N. usul .</p><p>Notes: Nylanderia mendax workers most strongly resemble those of N. usul and are also somewhat like those of N. mosaica . This species’ overall color, which is medium to dark reddish-brown, is much different than that of N. mosaica, which is overall yellow to yellow-brown with a medium to dark brown gaster. Both N. usul and N. mendax also tend to be larger in overall body size than N. mosaica . Nylanderia mendax is most readily separable from N. usul by the relative length of its scapes, which surpass the posterior margin of the head by nearly half their length. In N. usul, the scapes are much shorter, only surpassing the posterior margin by a quarter to a third of their length. Nylanderia mendax is known from only one locality in Zacapa, Guatemala (Fig. 2B), where it occurs in high elevation cloud forest.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC282315793252FF692D8BFE18FD05	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Williams, Jason L.;Williams, John F.;Lapolla, John S.;Lucky, Andrea	Williams, Jason L., Williams, John F., Lapolla, John S., Lucky, Andrea (2025): Nylanderia of the World, Part IV: Taxonomic contributions to the American Clade I of New World Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 5569 (3): 549-593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10
03EC2823157B326CFF692B18FE52FC14.text	03EC2823157B326CFF692B18FE52FC14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nylanderia mosaica Williams & Williams & Lapolla & Lucky 2025	<div><p>Nylanderia mosaica, sp. nov.</p><p>Figs. 52–54 (worker); Figs. 55–56 (queen)</p><p>Holotype worker, COSTA RICA: Alajuela, 10km E of Monteverde, 10.30971 -84.72004, ±50m, elev. 890m, wet forest, sifted litter, 18.v.2014, J.T. Longino #JTL8692-s (USNM: USNMENT01131335). 1 paratype worker and 1 paratype queen with same locality data as holotype (USNM: USNMENT01130940, USNMENT01131335). 3 paratype workers, COSTA RICA: San José, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.96259&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.48264" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.96259/lat 9.48264)">Cerro Plano</a>, 9.48264 -83.96259 ±10m, elev. 1070m, 4.vii.2015, ridgetop cloud forest, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.96259&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.48264" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.96259/lat 9.48264)">isolated peak with oak trees</a>, leaf litter, ADMAC#Wa-E-06-2-25 (MNCR: USNMENT01131333, USNMENT01131334, USNMENT01131848).</p><p>Worker diagnosis: Antennae relatively short, with scapes surpassing posterior margin by about a quarter of their length; bicolored, with yellow to yellow-brown head and mesosoma and medium to dark brown gaster; meso- and metacoxae yellow and at most somewhat lighter than mesosoma; light cuticular microsculpture resulting in subtle blue iridescence on head, mesosoma, and gaster; moderate cephalic pubescence.</p><p>Compare with: N. mendax, N. usul</p><p>WORKER. Measurements (n=9): TL: 1.70–2.01; EL: 0.09–0.12; EW: 0.07–0.10; IOD: 0.30–0.34; HE: 0.00– 0.01; HL: 0.52–0.57; HW: 0.42–0.49; HLA: 0.18–0.20; HLP: 0.23–0.27; SL: 0.59–0.65; PW: 0.32–0.36; MW: 0.17–0.19; PrW: 0.24–0.28; PDH: 0.17–0.30; PTW: 0.10–0.14; LHT: 0.50–0.56; WL: 0.60–0.70; GL: 0.58–0.76; SMC: 9–12; PMC: 2–3; MMC: 2–3. Indices: BLI: 139–148; CI: 82–88; EPI: 72–81; HTI: 112–119; REL: 17–21; SI: 127–139.</p><p>Color: bicolored, with yellow to yellow-brown head and mesosoma and medium to dark brown gaster; black macrosetae strongly contrasting with overall color; meso- and metacoxae yellow and at most somewhat lighter than mesosoma; overall cuticle lightly microsculptured, resulting in subtle blue iridescence on head, mesosoma, and gaster. Pilosity: erect macrosetae on scapes abundant, long, and dark, strongly contrasting with fine, appressed pubescence; moderate cephalic pubescence, found laterally and concentrated around compound eyes; pubescence sparse to absent between compound eyes; mesosoma pubescence sparse to absent, limited at most to scattered hairs on pronotum and propodeum, and a fringe of hairs concentrated just posterior to the metanotal groove; gaster pubescence sparse to absent; pair of small, erect setae on apex of petiole. Head: longer than broad and quadrate with distinct posterolateral corners and flattened posterior margin, with little to no medial emargination; scapes surpass posterior margin of head by about a quarter of their length; all three ocelli absent or not apparent. Mesosoma: posterior margin of pronotum forming obtuse angle with anterior margin of mesonotum in profile view; propodeum low and evenly rounded, with posterior face about same length as dorsal face.</p><p>QUEEN. Measurements (n=1): TL: 3.51; EL: 0.21; HL: 0.68; HW: 0.68; SL: 0.80; WL: 1.29; GL: 1.54. Indices: BLI: 190; CI: 99; REL: 30; SI: 119.</p><p>Moderately sized. Color: bicolored, with light yellow-brown mesosoma and medium to dark yellow-brown head and gaster; meso- and metacoxae concolorous with mesosoma. Pilosity: most of body covered in moderate to dense pubescence; lacking pubescence laterally on pronotum, on most of anepisternum except for dorsal edge, and posterior face of propodeum; 8-10 small, erect setae on anepisternum.</p><p>Other material examined: COSTA RICA: San José, Cerro Plano, 9.48264 -83.96259 ± 10m, elev. 1070m, 4.vii.2015, ridgetop cloud forest, isolated peak with oak trees, leaf litter, ADMAC#Wa-E-06-2-25; Cartago, PN Tapantí, 9.73699 -83.78176 ± 20m, elev. 1330m, 6.vi.2015, cloud forest, old 2nd growth, riparian, leaf litter, ADMAC#Wm-E-01-1-02.</p><p>Etymology: The species epithet is derived from ‘ musaicum ’ (L. = mosaic), referring to this species’ bicolored appearance.</p><p>Notes: Nylanderia mosaica workers most strongly resemble those of N. mendax and N. usul in appearance, though N. mosaica workers are easily separable based on their relatively small body size and bicolored appearance, with a yellow to yellow-brown head and mesosoma and medium to dark brown gaster. This species is only known to moderate to high elevation forests in Costa Rica (Fig. 2B), where it is sympatric with only N. usul and no other species in American Clade I.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC2823157B326CFF692B18FE52FC14	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Williams, Jason L.;Williams, John F.;Lapolla, John S.;Lucky, Andrea	Williams, Jason L., Williams, John F., Lapolla, John S., Lucky, Andrea (2025): Nylanderia of the World, Part IV: Taxonomic contributions to the American Clade I of New World Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 5569 (3): 549-593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10
03EC28231545326EFF692C6BFD6DFB53.text	03EC28231545326EFF692C6BFD6DFB53.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nylanderia polita Williams & Williams & Lapolla & Lucky 2025	<div><p>Nylanderia polita, sp. nov.</p><p>Figs. 57–59 (worker); Figs. 60–61 (queen)</p><p>Holotype worker, MEXICO: Veracruz, 8km WSW of Xalapa, 19.52081 -96.9917 ±20m, elev. 1530m, cloud forest, leaf litter (MiniWinkler), 22.vi.2016, ADMAC#Wa-F-05-1-41 (USNM: USNMENT01131180); 4 paratype workers with same locality data as holotype (USNM: USNMENT01131313, USNMENT01131314; MNCR: USNMENT01131315, USNMENT01131316). 1 paratype queen, MEXICO: Veracruz, 8km WSW of Xalapa, 19.52283 -96.99102 ±20m, elev. 1500m, cloud forest, leaf litter (MiniWinkler), 22.vi.2016, ADMAC#Wa-F-05-2-31 (USNM: USNMENT01131789).</p><p>Worker diagnosis: Antennae relatively short, with scapes surpassing posterior margin of head by about a third of their length; medium to dark brown with antennae, mandibles, leg joints, and tarsi yellow in contrast to body; meso-and metacoxae somewhat lighter than mesosoma; entire cuticle smooth and shiny, with microsculpture, and completely lacking blue iridescence; dense cephalic pubescence; posterior margin of head with little to no emargination.</p><p>Compare with: N. austroccidua, N. contraria</p><p>WORKER. Measurements (n=10): TL: 1.81–2.13; EL: 0.09–0.12; EW: 0.08–0.10; IOD: 0.29–0.32; HE: 0.01; HL: 0.52–0.58; HW: 0.44–0.49; HLA: 0.18–0.20; HLP: 0.26–0.28; SL: 0.31–0.35; PW: 0.31–0.35; MW: 0.17–0.20; PrW: 0.24–0.32; PDH: 0.17–0.22; PTW: 0.09–0.16; LHT: 0.49–0.53; WL: 0.59–0.68; GL: 0.64–0.94; SMC: 7–10; PMC: 2–3; MMC: 2. Indices: BLI: 130–149; CI: 79–86; EPI: 67–72; HTI: 109–116; REL: 18–22; SI: 122–129.</p><p>Color: medium to dark brown with yellow to yellow-brown antennae, mandibles, and tarsi; meso- and metacoxae often somewhat lighter than mesosoma but sometimes concolorous; overall cuticle smooth and shiny, with no cuticular microsculpture and no blue iridescence Pilosity: dense cephalic pubescence covering all surfaces of head in full-face view; mesosoma pubescence sparse to absent, limited at most to scattered hairs on pronotum and propodeum, and a fringe of hairs concentrated just posterior to the metanotal groove; gaster pubescence sparse to absent; pair of small, erect setae on apex of petiole. Head: longer than broad and quadrate with distinct posterolateral corners and flattened posterior margin, with little to no medial emargination; scapes surpass posterior margin of head by about a third of their length; median ocellus small, but often apparent; lateral ocelli absent or not apparent. Mesosoma: posterior margin of pronotum forming obtuse angle with anterior margin of mesonotum in profile view; propodeum evenly rounded with dorsal face about as long as posterior face.</p><p>QUEEN. Measurements (n=1): TL: 3.19; EL: 0.16; HL: 0.64; HW: 0.61; SL: 0.63; WL: 1.02; GL: 1.53. Indices: BLI: 160; CI: 96; REL: 25; SI: 102.</p><p>Moderately sized. Color: medium to dark brown, with meso- and metacoxae lighter than mesosoma. Pilosity: most of body covered in moderate to dense pubescence; lacking pubescence on posterior face of propodeum; 1-2 small, erect setae on anepisternum.</p><p>Other material examined: MEXICO: Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99055&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.1906" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99055/lat 19.1906)">Las Cañadas</a>, 19.1906 -96.99055 ± 60m, 1390m, 1.vii.2016, montane wet forest, baiting, ADMAC#Ba-F-07-1-04-11; Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99121&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.52177" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99121/lat 19.52177)">8km WSW Xalapa</a>, 19.52177 -96.99121 ± 20m, elev. 1500m, 22.vi.2016, cloud forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-05-1-09; Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99137&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.52165" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99137/lat 19.52165)">8km WSW Xalapa</a>, 19.52165 -96.99137 ± 20m, elev. 1510m, 22.vi.2016, cloud forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-05-1-13; Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.9906&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.52181" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.9906/lat 19.52181)">8km WSW Xalapa</a>, 19.52181 -96.9906 ± 20m, elev. 1500m, 22.vi.2016, cloud forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-05- 2-07; Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99098&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.52275" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99098/lat 19.52275)">8km WSW Xalapa</a>, 19.52275 -96.99098 ± 20m, elev. 1500m, 22.vi.2016, cloud forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-05-2-29; Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99102&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.52283" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99102/lat 19.52283)">8km WSW Xalapa</a>, 19.52283 -96.99102 ± 20m, elev. 1500m, 22.vi.2016, cloud forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-05-2-31; Veracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99123&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.5236" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99123/lat 19.5236)">8km WSW Xalapa</a>, 19.5236 -96.99123 ± 20m, elev. 1500m, 22.vi.2016, cloud forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-F-05-2-50.</p><p>Etymology: The species epithet is derived from ‘ politus ’ (L. = polished), referring to the smooth, shining appearance of the species’ cuticle.</p><p>Notes: Nylanderia polita workers most strongly resemble those of N. austroccidua and N. contraria but are easily separable from the latter two by their overall smooth cuticle with no microsculpture and complete lack of blue iridescence. Unlike N. austroccidua, this species has an evenly rounded propodeum with the posterior face about as long as the dorsal face in profile view. Unlike N. contraria, the meso- and metacoxae of N. polita are never whitish and at most only somewhat lighter in color than the mesosoma. The known range of this species is limited only to high elevation forests in Veracruz, Mexico (Fig. 2B).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC28231545326EFF692C6BFD6DFB53	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Williams, Jason L.;Williams, John F.;Lapolla, John S.;Lucky, Andrea	Williams, Jason L., Williams, John F., Lapolla, John S., Lucky, Andrea (2025): Nylanderia of the World, Part IV: Taxonomic contributions to the American Clade I of New World Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 5569 (3): 549-593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10
03EC28231547326AFF692CA2FD45FD95.text	03EC28231547326AFF692CA2FD45FD95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nylanderia usul Williams & Williams & Lapolla & Lucky 2025	<div><p>Nylanderia usul, sp. nov.</p><p>Figs. 62–64 (worker); Figs. 65–66 (queen); Figs. 67–70 (male)</p><p>Holotype worker, COSTA RICA: San José, 11km SSE Santa María, 9.55301 -83.94523 ±10m,elev.1950m, 24.vi.2015, cloud forest, sifted litter, ADMAC#Wa-E-04-1-49 (USNM: USNMENT01131798). 5 paratype workers, 1 paratype queen, and 1 paratype male with same locality data as holotype (USNM: USNMENT01131109, USNMENT01131799, USNMENT01131800, USNMENT01131819, USNMENT01131831; MNCR: USNMENT01131802, USNMENT01131804).</p><p>Worker diagnosis: Antennae relatively short, with scapes surpassing posterior margin by about a quarter to a third of their length; color variable from yellow to dark brown, with meso- and metacoxae at most somewhat lighter than mesosoma; fine cuticular microsculpture resulting in moderate to strong blue iridescence on head, mesosoma, and gaster; moderate to dense cephalic pubescence; propodeum high and evenly rounded, with posterior face steep and at most slightly longer than dorsal face.</p><p>Compare with: N. mendax, N. mosaica</p><p>WORKER. Measurements (n=11): TL: 2.00–2.35; EL: 0.11–0.13; EW: 0.08–0.10; IOD: 0.32–0.39; HE: 0.01– 0.02; HL: 0.58–0.65; HW: 0.47–0.53; HLA: 0.18–0.23; HLP: 0.27–0.30; SL: 0.65–0.74; PW: 0.36–0.40; MW: 0.18–0.21; PrW: 0.26–0.32; PDH: 0.18–0.27; PTW: 0.13–0.15; LHT: 0.58–0.69; WL: 0.69–0.80; GL: 0.70–0.94; SMC: 9–12; PMC: 2–3; MMC: 2–3. Indices: BLI: 144–154; CI: 81–84; EPI: 67–80; HTI: 113–131; REL: 18–21; SI: 128–140.</p><p>Color: variable, from yellow to dark brown; darker specimens often with yellow to yellow-brown mandibles and leg joints; in darker specimens, meso-and metacoxae somewhat lighter than mesosoma; overall cuticle moderately to finely microsculptured, resulting in moderate to strong blue iridescence on head, mesosoma, and gaster. Pilosity: moderate to dense cephalic pubescence; mesosoma pubescence sparse to absent, limited at most to scattered hairs on pronotum and propodeum, and a fringe of hairs concentrated just posterior to the metanotal groove; gaster pubescence sparse to absent; pair of small, erect setae on apex of petiole. Head: longer than broad and quadrate with distinct posterolateral corners and flattened posterior margin, with moderate medial emargination; scapes surpass posterior margin of head by about a quarter to a third of their length; median ocellus small, but often apparent; lateral ocelli absent or not apparent. Mesosoma: promesonotal area evenly convex in profile view, with posterior margin of pronotum continuous or nearly continuous with anterior margin of mesonotum; propodeum high and evenly rounded, with posterior face steep and at most slightly longer than dorsal face.</p><p>QUEEN. Measurements (n=1): TL: 3.73; EL: 0.19; HL: 0.72; HW: 0.69; SL: 0.86; WL: 1.44; GL: 1.58. Indices: BLI: 200; CI: 97; REL: 26; SI: 125.</p><p>Relatively large. Color: medium to dark brown, with meso- and metacoxae at most somewhat lighter than mesosoma. Pilosity: most of body covered in moderate to dense pubescence; pubescence sparse to absent laterally on pronotum, sparse on most of anepisternum, absent on dorsal half of katepisternum. and absent on posterior face of propodeum; 4-5 small, erect setae on anepisternum.</p><p>MALE. Measurements (n=1): TL: 2.20; EL: 0.18; HL: 0.53; HW: 0.46; SL: 0.70; WL: 0.82; GL: 0.85. Indices: BLI: 180; CI: 86; REL: 34; SI: 154.</p><p>Color: medium brown with yellow mandibles; meso- and metacoxae lighter than mesosoma. Pilosity: dense pubescence on head, mesoscutum, and mesoscutellum; pubescence sparse to absent on pronotum, anepisternum, katepisternum, propodeum, and gaster; 1-2 small, erect setae on anepisternum. Head: as broad as long; compound eyes surpass lateral margins of head in full-face view; scapes curve sinuously and surpass posterior margin of head by about a third of their length. Mesosoma: In profile view, propodeum gently curved with dorsal face somewhat longer than posterior face. Genitalia: gonopod long, narrow, and evenly triangular to weakly digitiform, with apex tapered and coming to a point (Fig. 71); in ventral view, ventromedial edge of basivolsella unevenly bracket-shaped and crenate, with edge at base of cuspis forming a right angle (Fig. 69); gonossiculus straight and nearly three times longer than cuspis.</p><p>Other material examined: COSTA RICA: Heredia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.08333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.26667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.08333/lat 10.26667)">16km SSE La Virgen</a>, 10.26667 -84.08333 ±m, elev. 1100m, 8.ii.2001, montane wet forest, leaf litter,ALAS#11/B/all; Heredia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.08287&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.26863" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.08287/lat 10.26863)">16km SSE La Virgen</a>, 10.26863 -84.08287 ± 200m, elev. 1110m, 14.iii.2001, montane wet forest, leaf litter, ALAS#11/WF/02; Heredia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.08287&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.26863" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.08287/lat 10.26863)">16km SSE La Virgen</a>, 10.26863 -84.08287 ± 200m, elev. 1110m, 14.iii.2001, montane wet forest, leaf litter, ALAS#15/WF/02; Puntarenas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.81099&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.30327" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.81099/lat 10.30327)">Monteverde</a>, 10.30327 -84.81099 ± 50m, elev. 1400m, 6.i.2020, moist forest, leaf litter, J.T. Longino #JTL10993-s; Puntarenas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.79269&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.30259" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.79269/lat 10.30259)">Monteverde</a>, 10.30259 -84.79269 ± 50m, elev. 1590m, 13.v.2014, cloud forest, leaf litter, J.T. Longino #JTL8625-s; Puntarenas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.79322&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.28987" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.79322/lat 10.28987)">Monteverde</a>, 10.28987 -84.79322 ± 50m, elev. 1310m, 13.v.2014, moist forest, leaf litter, J.T. Longino #JTL8631-s; Puntarenas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.79266&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.28744" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.79266/lat 10.28744)">Monteverde</a>, 10.28744 -84.79266 ± 50m, elev. 1180m, 13.v.2014, moist forest, leaf litter, J.T. Longino #JTL8632-s; Alajuela, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.78163&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.29824" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.78163/lat 10.29824)">5km E Monteverde</a>, 10.29824 -84.78163 ± 50m, elev. 1495m, 18.v.2014, cloud forest, leaf litter, J.T. Longino #JTL8698-s; San José, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.94758&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.58689" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.94758/lat 9.58689)">7.5km SSE Santa Maria de Dota</a>, 9.58689 - 83.94758 ± 50m, elev. 1520m, 27.v.2014, 2nd growth cloud forest, leaf litter, T. Sumnicht &amp; J.T. Longino #JTL8704- s; San José, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.94547&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.55387" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.94547/lat 9.55387)">11km SSE Santa María</a>, 9.55387 -83.94547 ± 10m, elev. 1940m, 24.vi.2015, cloud forest, leaf litter, ADMAC#Wa-E-04-1-21; San José, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.94551&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.55378" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.94551/lat 9.55378)">11km SSE Santa María</a>, 9.55378 -83.94551 ± 10m, elev. 1940m, 24.vi.2015, cloud forest, leaf litter, ADMAC#Wa-E-04-1-24; San José, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.94551&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.55296" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.94551/lat 9.55296)">11km SSE Santa María</a>, 9.55296 -83.94551 ± 10m, elev. 1940m, 24.vi.2015, cloud forest, leaf litter, ADMAC#Wa-E-04-1-42; San José, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.94826&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.58425" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.94826/lat 9.58425)">8km SSE Santa María</a>, 9.58425 -83.94826 ± 20m, elev. 1580m, 23.vi.2015, cloud forest, leaf litter, ADMAC#Wm-E-04-1-02; San José, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.95085&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.57877" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.95085/lat 9.57877)">8km SSE Santa María</a>, 9.57877 -83.95085 ± 20m, elev. 1620m, 25.vi.2015, cloud forest, leaf litter, ADMAC#Wm-E-04-1- 06; San José, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.94807&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.56191" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.94807/lat 9.56191)">9km SSE Santa María</a>, 9.56191 -83.94807 ± 20m, elev. 1830m, 25.vi.2015, cloud forest, leaf litter, ADMAC#Wm-E-04-1-09; San José, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.94646&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.55908" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.94646/lat 9.55908)">10km SSE Santa María</a>, 9.55908 -83.94646 ± 20m, elev. 1870m, 25.vi.2015, cloud forest, leaf litter, ADMAC#Wm-E-04-1-10.</p><p>Etymology: The species epithet is derived from Frank Herbert’s science fiction novel Dune. In the novel, “Usul” is the secret name given to the protagonist, Paul Atreides, by the Fremen, the desert dwellers of the planet Arrakis. This name references the species’ moderate to intense blue iridescence, alluding to the “blue-within-blue” eyes that Paul acquires after joining the Fremen and consuming the spice melange. The term “Usul” translates to “the strength of the base of the pillar” and is derived from the Arabic word usul, the plural form of asl, which means “origin,” “root,” or “principle.”</p><p>Notes: Nylanderia usul workers most strongly resemble those of N. mendax and N. mosaica . This species is most readily separable from N. mendax by its relatively short scapes, which only surpass the posterior margin of the head by a quarter to a third of their length, whereas in N. mendax they surpass the posterior margin by nearly half their length. There are two distinct color morphs of this species. The dark form is dark brown with yellow to yellow-brown mandibles and tarsi, meso- and metacoxae somewhat lighter than the mesosoma, and has moderate cephalic pubescence, concentrated mostly as patches around the compound eyes (Fig. 4B). The light form is uniformly yellow, with dense cephalic pubescence (Fig. 4A). The light form is more likely to be confused with N. mosaica, but the latter is smaller in overall size and bicolored with a yellow to yellow-brown head and mesosoma and medium to dark brown gaster. Interestingly, the light form, represented by NT002, NT003, NT020, and NT024 in the phylogeny (Fig. 3), resolved as paraphyletic with respect to the dark form. This pattern may indicate a case of incipient speciation, in which one is beginning to diverge from the other but has not yet achieved full reproductive isolation. Consequently, the two forms may be interpretable as two distinct species based on their morphology. However, for now we conservatively treat them all as a single species. If someday these two forms are split into separate species, the dark form will keep the name N. usul and the light form will take a new name. Nylanderia usul is only known from moderate to high elevation forests in Costa Rica (Fig. 2B), where it is sympatric with only N. mosaica and no other species in American Clade I.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC28231547326AFF692CA2FD45FD95	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Williams, Jason L.;Williams, John F.;Lapolla, John S.;Lucky, Andrea	Williams, Jason L., Williams, John F., Lapolla, John S., Lucky, Andrea (2025): Nylanderia of the World, Part IV: Taxonomic contributions to the American Clade I of New World Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 5569 (3): 549-593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5569.3.10
