taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660775/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660775	Figures 1–4: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n. Figures 1–2. Male holotYpe, dorsal (1) and ventral (2) views. Figures 3–4. Female paratYpe, dorsal (3) and ventral (4) views. Scale bars: 10 mm.	Figures 1–4: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n. Figures 1–2. Male holotYpe, dorsal (1) and ventral (2) views. Figures 3–4. Female paratYpe, dorsal (3) and ventral (4) views. Scale bars: 10 mm.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660777/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660777	Figures 5–6. Neobuthus dhobo sp. n., male holotYpe, dorsal (5) and ventral (6) views under UV fluorescence.	Figures 5–6. Neobuthus dhobo sp. n., male holotYpe, dorsal (5) and ventral (6) views under UV fluorescence.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660779/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660779	Figures 7–8. Neobuthus dhobo sp. n., female paratYpe, dorsal (7) and ventral (8) views under UV fluorescence.	Figures 7–8. Neobuthus dhobo sp. n., female paratYpe, dorsal (7) and ventral (8) views under UV fluorescence.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660782/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660782	Figures 9–16: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n. Figures 9–10: Male holotYpe, carapace and tergites I–VI (9), coxosternal area and sternites (10). Figures 11–16: Female paratYpe, carapace and tergites I–V (11), coxosternal area and sternites (12), and right legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect (13–16).	Figures 9–16: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n. Figures 9–10: Male holotYpe, carapace and tergites I–VI (9), coxosternal area and sternites (10). Figures 11–16: Female paratYpe, carapace and tergites I–V (11), coxosternal area and sternites (12), and right legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect (13–16).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660784/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660784	Figures 17–24: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n. Figures. 17, 19–21. Male holotYpe, telson lateral (17), metasoma and telson lateral (19), ventral (20), and dorsal (21) views. Figures. 18, 22–24. Female paratYpe, telson lateral (18), metasoma and telson lateral (22), ventral (23), and dorsal (24) views. Scale bars: 5 mm (19–21, 22–24).	Figures 17–24: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n. Figures. 17, 19–21. Male holotYpe, telson lateral (17), metasoma and telson lateral (19), ventral (20), and dorsal (21) views. Figures. 18, 22–24. Female paratYpe, telson lateral (18), metasoma and telson lateral (22), ventral (23), and dorsal (24) views. Scale bars: 5 mm (19–21, 22–24).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660786/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660786	Figures 25–45: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n., pedipalp. Figures 25–34: Male holotYpe, chela dorsal (25), external (26), and ventral (27) views, patella dorsal (28), external (29) and ventral (30) views, femur and trochanter dorsal (31), and ventral (32) views, movable (33) and fixed (34) finger dentate margin. Figures 35–45. Female paratYpe, chela dorsal (35), external (36), and ventral (37) views, patella dorsal (38), external (39) and ventral (40) views, femur and trochanter internal (41), dorsal (42) and ventral (43) views, movable (44) and fixed (45) finger dentate	Figures 25–45: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n., pedipalp. Figures 25–34: Male holotYpe, chela dorsal (25), external (26), and ventral (27) views, patella dorsal (28), external (29) and ventral (30) views, femur and trochanter dorsal (31), and ventral (32) views, movable (33) and fixed (34) finger dentate margin. Figures 35–45. Female paratYpe, chela dorsal (35), external (36), and ventral (37) views, patella dorsal (38), external (39) and ventral (40) views, femur and trochanter internal (41), dorsal (42) and ventral (43) views, movable (44) and fixed (45) finger dentate	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660788/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660788	Figures 46–47: Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., male holotYpe, dorsal (46) and ventral (47) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.	Figures 46–47: Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., male holotYpe, dorsal (46) and ventral (47) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660790/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660790	Figures 48–56: Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., male holotYpe. Figures 48–49: Carapace and tergites I–IV (48) and coxosternal area and sternites (49). Figures 50–51: Carapace and tergites (50) and coxosternal area and sternites (51) under UV fluorescence. Figures 52–55: Left legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect. Figure. 56. Telson lateral view.	Figures 48–56: Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., male holotYpe. Figures 48–49: Carapace and tergites I–IV (48) and coxosternal area and sternites (49). Figures 50–51: Carapace and tergites (50) and coxosternal area and sternites (51) under UV fluorescence. Figures 52–55: Left legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect. Figure. 56. Telson lateral view.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660792/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660792	Figures 57–62. Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., male holotYpe, metasoma and telson lateral (57, 60), dorsal (58, 61), and ventral (59, 62) views, under UV fluorescence (57–59) and under white light (60–62). Scale bar: 5 mm.	Figures 57–62. Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., male holotYpe, metasoma and telson lateral (57, 60), dorsal (58, 61), and ventral (59, 62) views, under UV fluorescence (57–59) and under white light (60–62). Scale bar: 5 mm.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660794/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660794	Figures 63–75: Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., pedipalp, male holotYpe. Figures 63–73: Chela dorsal (63), external (64), and ventral (65) views, patella dorsal (66), external (67) and ventral (68) views, femur and trochanter internal (69), dorsal (70), and ventral (71) views, movable (72) and fixed (73) finger dentate margin. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 63–67, 69–70 (white circles). Figures 74–75: Right pedipalp in dorsal (74) and ventral (75) views under UV fluorescence.	Figures 63–75: Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., pedipalp, male holotYpe. Figures 63–73: Chela dorsal (63), external (64), and ventral (65) views, patella dorsal (66), external (67) and ventral (68) views, femur and trochanter internal (69), dorsal (70), and ventral (71) views, movable (72) and fixed (73) finger dentate margin. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 63–67, 69–70 (white circles). Figures 74–75: Right pedipalp in dorsal (74) and ventral (75) views under UV fluorescence.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660796/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660796	Figures 76–79: Neobuthus osoli sp. n. Figures 76–77. Male holotYpe, dorsal (76) and ventral (77) views. Figures 78–79. Female paratYpe, dorsal (78) and ventral (79) views. Scale bars: 10 mm.	Figures 76–79: Neobuthus osoli sp. n. Figures 76–77. Male holotYpe, dorsal (76) and ventral (77) views. Figures 78–79. Female paratYpe, dorsal (78) and ventral (79) views. Scale bars: 10 mm.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660798/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660798	Figures 80–81. Neobuthus osoli sp. n., male holotYpe, dorsal (80) and ventral (81) views under UV fluorescence.	Figures 80–81. Neobuthus osoli sp. n., male holotYpe, dorsal (80) and ventral (81) views under UV fluorescence.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660800/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660800	Figures 82–83. Neobuthus osoli sp. n., female paratYpe, dorsal (82) and ventral (83) views under UV fluorescence.	Figures 82–83. Neobuthus osoli sp. n., female paratYpe, dorsal (82) and ventral (83) views under UV fluorescence.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660804/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660804	Figures 84–91: Neobuthus osoli sp. n. Figures 84–85: Male holotYpe, carapace and tergites I–IV (84), coxosternal area and sternites (85). Figures 86–91: Female paratYpe, carapace and tergites I–IV (86), coxosternal area and sternites (87), and left legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect (88–91).	Figures 84–91: Neobuthus osoli sp. n. Figures 84–85: Male holotYpe, carapace and tergites I–IV (84), coxosternal area and sternites (85). Figures 86–91: Female paratYpe, carapace and tergites I–IV (86), coxosternal area and sternites (87), and left legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect (88–91).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660806/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660806	Figures 92–99: Neobuthus osoli sp. n. Figures. 92, 94–96. Male holotYpe, telson lateral (92), metasoma and telson lateral (94), ventral (95), and dorsal (96) views. Figures. 93, 97–99. Female paratYpe, telson lateral (93), metasoma and telson lateral (97), ventral (98), and dorsal (99) views. Scale bars: 5 mm (94–96, 97–99).	Figures 92–99: Neobuthus osoli sp. n. Figures. 92, 94–96. Male holotYpe, telson lateral (92), metasoma and telson lateral (94), ventral (95), and dorsal (96) views. Figures. 93, 97–99. Female paratYpe, telson lateral (93), metasoma and telson lateral (97), ventral (98), and dorsal (99) views. Scale bars: 5 mm (94–96, 97–99).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660808/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660808	Figures 100–121: Neobuthus osoli sp. n., pedipalp. Figures 100–110: Male holotYpe, chela dorsal (100), external (101), and ventral (102) views, patella dorsal (103), external (104) and ventral (105) views, femur and trochanter internal (106), dorsal (107), and ventral (108) views, movable (109) and fixed (110) finger dentate margin. Figures 111–121. Female paratYpe, chela dorsal (111), external (112), and ventral (113) views, patella dorsal (114), external (115) and ventral (116) views, femur and trochanter internal (117), dorsal (118) and ventral (119) views, movable (120) and fixed (121) finger dentate margin. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 112–115, 117–118 (white circles).	Figures 100–121: Neobuthus osoli sp. n., pedipalp. Figures 100–110: Male holotYpe, chela dorsal (100), external (101), and ventral (102) views, patella dorsal (103), external (104) and ventral (105) views, femur and trochanter internal (106), dorsal (107), and ventral (108) views, movable (109) and fixed (110) finger dentate margin. Figures 111–121. Female paratYpe, chela dorsal (111), external (112), and ventral (113) views, patella dorsal (114), external (115) and ventral (116) views, femur and trochanter internal (117), dorsal (118) and ventral (119) views, movable (120) and fixed (121) finger dentate margin. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 112–115, 117–118 (white circles).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660810/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660810	Figures 122–123: Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe, dorsal (122) and ventral (123) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.	Figures 122–123: Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe, dorsal (122) and ventral (123) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660812/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660812	Figures 124–125. Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe, dorsal (124) and ventral (125) views under UV fluorescence.	Figures 124–125. Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe, dorsal (124) and ventral (125) views under UV fluorescence.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660814/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660814	Figures 126–131: Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe. Figures 126–127: Carapace and tergites I–III (126) and coxosternal area and sternites (127). Figure. 128. Telson lateral view. Figures. 129–131. Metasoma and telson lateral (129), dorsal (130), and ventral (131) views. Scale bar: 10 mm (129–131).	Figures 126–131: Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe. Figures 126–127: Carapace and tergites I–III (126) and coxosternal area and sternites (127). Figure. 128. Telson lateral view. Figures. 129–131. Metasoma and telson lateral (129), dorsal (130), and ventral (131) views. Scale bar: 10 mm (129–131).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660816/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660816	Figures 132–143: Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe. Figures 132–142: Segments of pedipalp, chela dorsal (132), external (133), and ventral (134) views, patella dorsal (135), external (136) and ventral (137) views, femur and trochanter internal (138), dorsal (139), and ventral (140) views, fixed (141) and movable (142) finger dentate margin. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 133–136, 138–139 (white circles).Figure 143. Female paratYpe in vivo habitus.	Figures 132–143: Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe. Figures 132–142: Segments of pedipalp, chela dorsal (132), external (133), and ventral (134) views, patella dorsal (135), external (136) and ventral (137) views, femur and trochanter internal (138), dorsal (139), and ventral (140) views, fixed (141) and movable (142) finger dentate margin. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 133–136, 138–139 (white circles).Figure 143. Female paratYpe in vivo habitus.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660818/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660818	Figures 144–159: Neobuthus, main characters used in the keY of species (modified from KovařÍk et al., 2018). Figures 144–147. Pedipalp patella, dorsal view, female of N. berberensis (144), female of N. maidensis (145), female of N. awashensis (146), and female of N. gubanensis (147). Figures 148–149. Telotarsus III, ventral aspect, female of N. kutcheri (148), and female of N. awashensis (149). Figures 150–152. Metasoma IV–I, dorsal view, female of N. erigavoensis (150), female of N. gubanensis (151), and female of N. kloppersi (152). Figures 153–155. Metasoma IV–I, ventral view, male of N. kloppersi (153), male of N. erigavoensis (154) and male of N. berberensis (155). Figures 156–157. Metasoma III–II, lateral view, female of N. gubanensis (156), and female of N. kloppersi (157). Figures 158–159. Sternites III–IV, male of N. montanus (158), and male of N. gubanensis (159).	Figures 144–159: Neobuthus, main characters used in the keY of species (modified from KovařÍk et al., 2018). Figures 144–147. Pedipalp patella, dorsal view, female of N. berberensis (144), female of N. maidensis (145), female of N. awashensis (146), and female of N. gubanensis (147). Figures 148–149. Telotarsus III, ventral aspect, female of N. kutcheri (148), and female of N. awashensis (149). Figures 150–152. Metasoma IV–I, dorsal view, female of N. erigavoensis (150), female of N. gubanensis (151), and female of N. kloppersi (152). Figures 153–155. Metasoma IV–I, ventral view, male of N. kloppersi (153), male of N. erigavoensis (154) and male of N. berberensis (155). Figures 156–157. Metasoma III–II, lateral view, female of N. gubanensis (156), and female of N. kloppersi (157). Figures 158–159. Sternites III–IV, male of N. montanus (158), and male of N. gubanensis (159).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2B8529FC33FB384134F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660820/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660820	Figures 160–161. Map showing confirmed distribution of Neobuthus spp. (160) with detail for Somaliland (161).	Figures 160–161. Map showing confirmed distribution of Neobuthus spp. (160) with detail for Somaliland (161).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2D8527FEE9F9C44041F796.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660775/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660775	Figures 1–4: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n. Figures 1–2. Male holotYpe, dorsal (1) and ventral (2) views. Figures 3–4. Female paratYpe, dorsal (3) and ventral (4) views. Scale bars: 10 mm.	Figures 1–4: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n. Figures 1–2. Male holotYpe, dorsal (1) and ventral (2) views. Figures 3–4. Female paratYpe, dorsal (3) and ventral (4) views. Scale bars: 10 mm.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2D8527FEE9F9C44041F796.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660777/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660777	Figures 5–6. Neobuthus dhobo sp. n., male holotYpe, dorsal (5) and ventral (6) views under UV fluorescence.	Figures 5–6. Neobuthus dhobo sp. n., male holotYpe, dorsal (5) and ventral (6) views under UV fluorescence.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2D8527FEE9F9C44041F796.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660779/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660779	Figures 7–8. Neobuthus dhobo sp. n., female paratYpe, dorsal (7) and ventral (8) views under UV fluorescence.	Figures 7–8. Neobuthus dhobo sp. n., female paratYpe, dorsal (7) and ventral (8) views under UV fluorescence.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2D8527FEE9F9C44041F796.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660782/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660782	Figures 9–16: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n. Figures 9–10: Male holotYpe, carapace and tergites I–VI (9), coxosternal area and sternites (10). Figures 11–16: Female paratYpe, carapace and tergites I–V (11), coxosternal area and sternites (12), and right legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect (13–16).	Figures 9–16: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n. Figures 9–10: Male holotYpe, carapace and tergites I–VI (9), coxosternal area and sternites (10). Figures 11–16: Female paratYpe, carapace and tergites I–V (11), coxosternal area and sternites (12), and right legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect (13–16).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2D8527FEE9F9C44041F796.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660784/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660784	Figures 17–24: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n. Figures. 17, 19–21. Male holotYpe, telson lateral (17), metasoma and telson lateral (19), ventral (20), and dorsal (21) views. Figures. 18, 22–24. Female paratYpe, telson lateral (18), metasoma and telson lateral (22), ventral (23), and dorsal (24) views. Scale bars: 5 mm (19–21, 22–24).	Figures 17–24: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n. Figures. 17, 19–21. Male holotYpe, telson lateral (17), metasoma and telson lateral (19), ventral (20), and dorsal (21) views. Figures. 18, 22–24. Female paratYpe, telson lateral (18), metasoma and telson lateral (22), ventral (23), and dorsal (24) views. Scale bars: 5 mm (19–21, 22–24).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2D8527FEE9F9C44041F796.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660786/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660786	Figures 25–45: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n., pedipalp. Figures 25–34: Male holotYpe, chela dorsal (25), external (26), and ventral (27) views, patella dorsal (28), external (29) and ventral (30) views, femur and trochanter dorsal (31), and ventral (32) views, movable (33) and fixed (34) finger dentate margin. Figures 35–45. Female paratYpe, chela dorsal (35), external (36), and ventral (37) views, patella dorsal (38), external (39) and ventral (40) views, femur and trochanter internal (41), dorsal (42) and ventral (43) views, movable (44) and fixed (45) finger dentate	Figures 25–45: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n., pedipalp. Figures 25–34: Male holotYpe, chela dorsal (25), external (26), and ventral (27) views, patella dorsal (28), external (29) and ventral (30) views, femur and trochanter dorsal (31), and ventral (32) views, movable (33) and fixed (34) finger dentate margin. Figures 35–45. Female paratYpe, chela dorsal (35), external (36), and ventral (37) views, patella dorsal (38), external (39) and ventral (40) views, femur and trochanter internal (41), dorsal (42) and ventral (43) views, movable (44) and fixed (45) finger dentate	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA2D8527FEE9F9C44041F796.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660820/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660820	Figures 160–161. Map showing confirmed distribution of Neobuthus spp. (160) with detail for Somaliland (161).	Figures 160–161. Map showing confirmed distribution of Neobuthus spp. (160) with detail for Somaliland (161).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA228521FED9FF7E471AF82D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660788/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660788	Figures 46–47: Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., male holotYpe, dorsal (46) and ventral (47) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.	Figures 46–47: Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., male holotYpe, dorsal (46) and ventral (47) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA228521FED9FF7E471AF82D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660790/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660790	Figures 48–56: Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., male holotYpe. Figures 48–49: Carapace and tergites I–IV (48) and coxosternal area and sternites (49). Figures 50–51: Carapace and tergites (50) and coxosternal area and sternites (51) under UV fluorescence. Figures 52–55: Left legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect. Figure. 56. Telson lateral view.	Figures 48–56: Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., male holotYpe. Figures 48–49: Carapace and tergites I–IV (48) and coxosternal area and sternites (49). Figures 50–51: Carapace and tergites (50) and coxosternal area and sternites (51) under UV fluorescence. Figures 52–55: Left legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect. Figure. 56. Telson lateral view.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA228521FED9FF7E471AF82D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660792/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660792	Figures 57–62. Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., male holotYpe, metasoma and telson lateral (57, 60), dorsal (58, 61), and ventral (59, 62) views, under UV fluorescence (57–59) and under white light (60–62). Scale bar: 5 mm.	Figures 57–62. Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., male holotYpe, metasoma and telson lateral (57, 60), dorsal (58, 61), and ventral (59, 62) views, under UV fluorescence (57–59) and under white light (60–62). Scale bar: 5 mm.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA228521FED9FF7E471AF82D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660794/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660794	Figures 63–75: Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., pedipalp, male holotYpe. Figures 63–73: Chela dorsal (63), external (64), and ventral (65) views, patella dorsal (66), external (67) and ventral (68) views, femur and trochanter internal (69), dorsal (70), and ventral (71) views, movable (72) and fixed (73) finger dentate margin. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 63–67, 69–70 (white circles). Figures 74–75: Right pedipalp in dorsal (74) and ventral (75) views under UV fluorescence.	Figures 63–75: Neobuthus opatovae sp. n., pedipalp, male holotYpe. Figures 63–73: Chela dorsal (63), external (64), and ventral (65) views, patella dorsal (66), external (67) and ventral (68) views, femur and trochanter internal (69), dorsal (70), and ventral (71) views, movable (72) and fixed (73) finger dentate margin. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 63–67, 69–70 (white circles). Figures 74–75: Right pedipalp in dorsal (74) and ventral (75) views under UV fluorescence.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA228521FED9FF7E471AF82D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660820/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660820	Figures 160–161. Map showing confirmed distribution of Neobuthus spp. (160) with detail for Somaliland (161).	Figures 160–161. Map showing confirmed distribution of Neobuthus spp. (160) with detail for Somaliland (161).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA39853FFEF0FF7E4141F92E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660796/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660796	Figures 76–79: Neobuthus osoli sp. n. Figures 76–77. Male holotYpe, dorsal (76) and ventral (77) views. Figures 78–79. Female paratYpe, dorsal (78) and ventral (79) views. Scale bars: 10 mm.	Figures 76–79: Neobuthus osoli sp. n. Figures 76–77. Male holotYpe, dorsal (76) and ventral (77) views. Figures 78–79. Female paratYpe, dorsal (78) and ventral (79) views. Scale bars: 10 mm.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA39853FFEF0FF7E4141F92E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660798/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660798	Figures 80–81. Neobuthus osoli sp. n., male holotYpe, dorsal (80) and ventral (81) views under UV fluorescence.	Figures 80–81. Neobuthus osoli sp. n., male holotYpe, dorsal (80) and ventral (81) views under UV fluorescence.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA39853FFEF0FF7E4141F92E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660800/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660800	Figures 82–83. Neobuthus osoli sp. n., female paratYpe, dorsal (82) and ventral (83) views under UV fluorescence.	Figures 82–83. Neobuthus osoli sp. n., female paratYpe, dorsal (82) and ventral (83) views under UV fluorescence.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA39853FFEF0FF7E4141F92E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660804/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660804	Figures 84–91: Neobuthus osoli sp. n. Figures 84–85: Male holotYpe, carapace and tergites I–IV (84), coxosternal area and sternites (85). Figures 86–91: Female paratYpe, carapace and tergites I–IV (86), coxosternal area and sternites (87), and left legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect (88–91).	Figures 84–91: Neobuthus osoli sp. n. Figures 84–85: Male holotYpe, carapace and tergites I–IV (84), coxosternal area and sternites (85). Figures 86–91: Female paratYpe, carapace and tergites I–IV (86), coxosternal area and sternites (87), and left legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect (88–91).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA39853FFEF0FF7E4141F92E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660806/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660806	Figures 92–99: Neobuthus osoli sp. n. Figures. 92, 94–96. Male holotYpe, telson lateral (92), metasoma and telson lateral (94), ventral (95), and dorsal (96) views. Figures. 93, 97–99. Female paratYpe, telson lateral (93), metasoma and telson lateral (97), ventral (98), and dorsal (99) views. Scale bars: 5 mm (94–96, 97–99).	Figures 92–99: Neobuthus osoli sp. n. Figures. 92, 94–96. Male holotYpe, telson lateral (92), metasoma and telson lateral (94), ventral (95), and dorsal (96) views. Figures. 93, 97–99. Female paratYpe, telson lateral (93), metasoma and telson lateral (97), ventral (98), and dorsal (99) views. Scale bars: 5 mm (94–96, 97–99).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA39853FFEF0FF7E4141F92E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660808/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660808	Figures 100–121: Neobuthus osoli sp. n., pedipalp. Figures 100–110: Male holotYpe, chela dorsal (100), external (101), and ventral (102) views, patella dorsal (103), external (104) and ventral (105) views, femur and trochanter internal (106), dorsal (107), and ventral (108) views, movable (109) and fixed (110) finger dentate margin. Figures 111–121. Female paratYpe, chela dorsal (111), external (112), and ventral (113) views, patella dorsal (114), external (115) and ventral (116) views, femur and trochanter internal (117), dorsal (118) and ventral (119) views, movable (120) and fixed (121) finger dentate margin. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 112–115, 117–118 (white circles).	Figures 100–121: Neobuthus osoli sp. n., pedipalp. Figures 100–110: Male holotYpe, chela dorsal (100), external (101), and ventral (102) views, patella dorsal (103), external (104) and ventral (105) views, femur and trochanter internal (106), dorsal (107), and ventral (108) views, movable (109) and fixed (110) finger dentate margin. Figures 111–121. Female paratYpe, chela dorsal (111), external (112), and ventral (113) views, patella dorsal (114), external (115) and ventral (116) views, femur and trochanter internal (117), dorsal (118) and ventral (119) views, movable (120) and fixed (121) finger dentate margin. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 112–115, 117–118 (white circles).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA39853FFEF0FF7E4141F92E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660820/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660820	Figures 160–161. Map showing confirmed distribution of Neobuthus spp. (160) with detail for Somaliland (161).	Figures 160–161. Map showing confirmed distribution of Neobuthus spp. (160) with detail for Somaliland (161).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA3B8533FEF3F89941E2FB50.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660810/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660810	Figures 122–123: Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe, dorsal (122) and ventral (123) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.	Figures 122–123: Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe, dorsal (122) and ventral (123) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA3B8533FEF3F89941E2FB50.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660812/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660812	Figures 124–125. Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe, dorsal (124) and ventral (125) views under UV fluorescence.	Figures 124–125. Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe, dorsal (124) and ventral (125) views under UV fluorescence.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA3B8533FEF3F89941E2FB50.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660814/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660814	Figures 126–131: Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe. Figures 126–127: Carapace and tergites I–III (126) and coxosternal area and sternites (127). Figure. 128. Telson lateral view. Figures. 129–131. Metasoma and telson lateral (129), dorsal (130), and ventral (131) views. Scale bar: 10 mm (129–131).	Figures 126–131: Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe. Figures 126–127: Carapace and tergites I–III (126) and coxosternal area and sternites (127). Figure. 128. Telson lateral view. Figures. 129–131. Metasoma and telson lateral (129), dorsal (130), and ventral (131) views. Scale bar: 10 mm (129–131).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA3B8533FEF3F89941E2FB50.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660816/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660816	Figures 132–143: Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe. Figures 132–142: Segments of pedipalp, chela dorsal (132), external (133), and ventral (134) views, patella dorsal (135), external (136) and ventral (137) views, femur and trochanter internal (138), dorsal (139), and ventral (140) views, fixed (141) and movable (142) finger dentate margin. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 133–136, 138–139 (white circles).Figure 143. Female paratYpe in vivo habitus.	Figures 132–143: Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe. Figures 132–142: Segments of pedipalp, chela dorsal (132), external (133), and ventral (134) views, patella dorsal (135), external (136) and ventral (137) views, femur and trochanter internal (138), dorsal (139), and ventral (140) views, fixed (141) and movable (142) finger dentate margin. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 133–136, 138–139 (white circles).Figure 143. Female paratYpe in vivo habitus.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA3B8533FEF3F89941E2FB50.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660820/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660820	Figures 160–161. Map showing confirmed distribution of Neobuthus spp. (160) with detail for Somaliland (161).	Figures 160–161. Map showing confirmed distribution of Neobuthus spp. (160) with detail for Somaliland (161).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA378532FF36FB53405EFC0E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660818/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660818	Figures 144–159: Neobuthus, main characters used in the keY of species (modified from KovařÍk et al., 2018). Figures 144–147. Pedipalp patella, dorsal view, female of N. berberensis (144), female of N. maidensis (145), female of N. awashensis (146), and female of N. gubanensis (147). Figures 148–149. Telotarsus III, ventral aspect, female of N. kutcheri (148), and female of N. awashensis (149). Figures 150–152. Metasoma IV–I, dorsal view, female of N. erigavoensis (150), female of N. gubanensis (151), and female of N. kloppersi (152). Figures 153–155. Metasoma IV–I, ventral view, male of N. kloppersi (153), male of N. erigavoensis (154) and male of N. berberensis (155). Figures 156–157. Metasoma III–II, lateral view, female of N. gubanensis (156), and female of N. kloppersi (157). Figures 158–159. Sternites III–IV, male of N. montanus (158), and male of N. gubanensis (159).	Figures 144–159: Neobuthus, main characters used in the keY of species (modified from KovařÍk et al., 2018). Figures 144–147. Pedipalp patella, dorsal view, female of N. berberensis (144), female of N. maidensis (145), female of N. awashensis (146), and female of N. gubanensis (147). Figures 148–149. Telotarsus III, ventral aspect, female of N. kutcheri (148), and female of N. awashensis (149). Figures 150–152. Metasoma IV–I, dorsal view, female of N. erigavoensis (150), female of N. gubanensis (151), and female of N. kloppersi (152). Figures 153–155. Metasoma IV–I, ventral view, male of N. kloppersi (153), male of N. erigavoensis (154) and male of N. berberensis (155). Figures 156–157. Metasoma III–II, lateral view, female of N. gubanensis (156), and female of N. kloppersi (157). Figures 158–159. Sternites III–IV, male of N. montanus (158), and male of N. gubanensis (159).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA378532FF36FB53405EFC0E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660816/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660816	Figures 132–143: Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe. Figures 132–142: Segments of pedipalp, chela dorsal (132), external (133), and ventral (134) views, patella dorsal (135), external (136) and ventral (137) views, femur and trochanter internal (138), dorsal (139), and ventral (140) views, fixed (141) and movable (142) finger dentate margin. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 133–136, 138–139 (white circles).Figure 143. Female paratYpe in vivo habitus.	Figures 132–143: Neobuthus verae sp. n., female holotYpe. Figures 132–142: Segments of pedipalp, chela dorsal (132), external (133), and ventral (134) views, patella dorsal (135), external (136) and ventral (137) views, femur and trochanter internal (138), dorsal (139), and ventral (140) views, fixed (141) and movable (142) finger dentate margin. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 133–136, 138–139 (white circles).Figure 143. Female paratYpe in vivo habitus.	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA378532FF36FB53405EFC0E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660784/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660784	Figures 17–24: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n. Figures. 17, 19–21. Male holotYpe, telson lateral (17), metasoma and telson lateral (19), ventral (20), and dorsal (21) views. Figures. 18, 22–24. Female paratYpe, telson lateral (18), metasoma and telson lateral (22), ventral (23), and dorsal (24) views. Scale bars: 5 mm (19–21, 22–24).	Figures 17–24: Neobuthus dhobo sp. n. Figures. 17, 19–21. Male holotYpe, telson lateral (17), metasoma and telson lateral (19), ventral (20), and dorsal (21) views. Figures. 18, 22–24. Female paratYpe, telson lateral (18), metasoma and telson lateral (22), ventral (23), and dorsal (24) views. Scale bars: 5 mm (19–21, 22–24).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
03879D78DA378532FF36FB53405EFC0E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14660806/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14660806	Figures 92–99: Neobuthus osoli sp. n. Figures. 92, 94–96. Male holotYpe, telson lateral (92), metasoma and telson lateral (94), ventral (95), and dorsal (96) views. Figures. 93, 97–99. Female paratYpe, telson lateral (93), metasoma and telson lateral (97), ventral (98), and dorsal (99) views. Scale bars: 5 mm (94–96, 97–99).	Figures 92–99: Neobuthus osoli sp. n. Figures. 92, 94–96. Male holotYpe, telson lateral (92), metasoma and telson lateral (94), ventral (95), and dorsal (96) views. Figures. 93, 97–99. Female paratYpe, telson lateral (93), metasoma and telson lateral (97), ventral (98), and dorsal (99) views. Scale bars: 5 mm (94–96, 97–99).	2024-12-31	Euscorpius;No.		Zenodo	biologists	Euscorpius;No.			
