identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
0380B274D040E515FF11D4ABBA89FCBC.text	0380B274D040E515FF11D4ABBA89FCBC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudoscolia Radoszkowski 1876	<div><p>Genus Pseudoscolia Radoszkowski, 1876</p><p>Pseudoscolia Radoszkowski, 1876: 103 (as Pseudo-Scolia). Type species: Pseudoscolia maculata Radoszkowski, 1876, by monotypy.</p><p>Philoponus Kohl, 1889: 193 . Type species: Philoponus dewitzi Kohl, 1889, designated by Pate 1937: 50. Junior homonym of Philoponus Thorell, 1887 (Arachnida). Synonymized with Pseudoscolia Radoszkowski by Kohl 1893: 547.</p><p>Acolpus Vachal, 1893: CCLXV. Type species: Aphilanthops theryi Vachal, 1893, by monotypy. Junior homonym of Acolpus Jayne, 1882 ( Coleoptera: Dermestidae). Synonymized with Philoponidea Pate by Pate 1937: 5.</p><p>Philoponidea Pate, 1937: 50 . Substitute name for Philoponus Kohl, 1889 .</p><p>Philoponoides Giner Marí, 1945a: 372 . Type species: Philoponoides tricolor Giner Marí, 1945, by original designation and monotypy. Synonymized with Philoponidea Pate by de Beaumont 1949: 198.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0380B274D040E515FF11D4ABBA89FCBC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mokrousov, Mikhail V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.;Maharramov, Mahir M.	Mokrousov, Mikhail V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., Maharramov, Mahir M. (2025): Taxonomic notes on two species of Pseudoscolia (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae, Philanthinae) described by O. Radoszkowski. Zootaxa 5715 (1): 291-299, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5715.1.27, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5715.1.27
0380B274D040E513FF11D647B8CFFC8C.text	0380B274D040E513FF11D647B8CFFC8C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudoscolia maculata Radoszkowski 1876	<div><p>Pseudoscolia maculata Radoszkowski, 1876</p><p>(Figs 10–17)</p><p>Pseudoscolia maculata Radoszkowski, 1876: 103, ♀, ♂. Lectotype, ♀ (present designation): КИЗИлъкумъ [typewritten, cyrillic] // ♀ // 12. // ♂ // Coll. / Radosz. // Type [red label] // PseudoScolia / maculata ♀ [handwritten by Radoszkowski] // MfN URL http.//coll.mfn-berlin.de/u/394798 [MNHU, photos examined].</p><p>Pseudoscolia clavata Kazenas, 1994: 47, ♀, ♂. Holotype: ♀, Turkmenistan: Kara Kala area in Kopet-Dagh Mountains [ZISP, examined]. Syn. nov.</p><p>Material examined. Kyzylkum [Kazakhstan: Turkistan Region], 1 ♀ [photos of lectotype, MNHU]; Turkmenistan, Kara Kala area in Kopet-Dagh Mountains, 1. V .1991, 2 ♀, 1 ♂ (holotype and paratypes of Pseudoscolia clavata Kazenas), V . L. Kazenas [ZISP]; Turkmenistan, Badkhyz Nature Reserve, 15. V .1976, 1 ♀, A.S. Lelej [ZISP] .</p><p>Diagnosis. The female differs from all other Pseudoscolia by a dark quadridentate clypeus (Fig. 15), the male by a clavate apical flagellomerus (Fig. 17). Additional recognition features are: pronotal collar without anterolateral tubercle and median furrow; metapostnotum rugose, posteriorly transversely striate; no deep constriction between metasomal segments; male pronotal collar black.</p><p>Description. See Kazenas 1994: 47 (as P. clavata) and Kazenas 2004 (key on p. 121 and additional description, p. 123) (as P. clavata).</p><p>Justification of New Synonymy. The female of P. maculata has a unique feature — dark clypeus (the clypeus is light in all other species), as well as P. clavata Kazenas. In addition, quadridentate clypeus, lacking anterolateral tubercle and median furrow on pronotal collar, rugose metapostnotum with transverse striations posteriorly, no deep constriction between metasomal segments and general coloration, allow us to clearly identify the Pseudoscolia clavata Kazenas, 1994, syn. nov. with the Pseudoscolia maculata Radoszkowski, 1876 . A study of the photographs provided by Stefanie Krause (MNHU) (Figs 10–12) allowed us to synonymize P. clavata, known from the same are with P. maculata (Kyzylkum, see Kazenas 2004: 123).</p><p>Distribution. Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan. Record of this species from northeastern Uzbekistan by Medetov et al. (2024) requires verification.</p><p>Note. According to the labels (Fig. 12), the specimen was collected in Kyzylkum on 12 May 1871 (“ 10 miles west of the Dyusebay well, in the rolling sands”, see Baker 2004: 248) by the expedition of A.P. Fedtschenko. The lectotype is in poor condition, the upper part of the head, some flagellomeres and legs missing, the metasoma separated (Figs 10, 11).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0380B274D040E513FF11D647B8CFFC8C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mokrousov, Mikhail V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.;Maharramov, Mahir M.	Mokrousov, Mikhail V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., Maharramov, Mahir M. (2025): Taxonomic notes on two species of Pseudoscolia (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae, Philanthinae) described by O. Radoszkowski. Zootaxa 5715 (1): 291-299, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5715.1.27, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5715.1.27
0380B274D046E511FF11D697BBBFFD30.text	0380B274D046E511FF11D697BBBFFD30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudoscolia ferruginea Radoszkowski 1880	<div><p>Pseudoscolia ferruginea Radoszkowski, 1880</p><p>(Figs 4–9, 18–23)</p><p>Pseudoscolia maculata Radoszkowski, 1876: 103, ♂ (part.).</p><p>Pseudoscolia ferruginea Radoszkowski, 1880: 154, ♀. Holotype: ♀, Armenia: Echmiadzin. MfN URL http.//coll.mfn-berlin. de/u/6a49bc [MNHU, photos examined].</p><p>Material examined. Armenia, Echmiadzin, 1 ♀ [photos of holotype, MNHU] ; Azerbaijan, Nakhchivan AR, Babek, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=45.516666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 45.516666/lat 39.3)">Sirab</a>, 39°18’N 45°31’E, 1090 m, 1. VI .2020, 1 ♂, M. Maharramov [MMC] .</p><p>Diagnosis. Closely related to Pseudoscolia angelae (Kohl, 1891), P. theryi (Vachal, 1893) and P. splendida Giner Marí, 1945 . It differs from P. theryi by: yellow triangular spots at bottom of inner eye margins well developed (absent in P. theryi); male mandible without row of setae (in P. theryi external surface of basal part with row of setae), male forebasitarsus L/H ratio (lateral view) near 2× (about 3× in P. theryi). The female differs from these three species by a long ocello-ocular distance (distinctly longer then hind ocellus diameter in P. ferruginea, and not longer in P. angelae, P. theryi and P. splendida). The male differs from P. angelae and P. splendida by the forebasitarsus L/H ratio (lateral view) near 2× (less than 2× in P. angelae and P. splendida) as well as antenna shape—F 8–10 slightly pointed apicoventrally, F 11 slightly longer than wide (F 8–10 pectinate, F 11 L/W ratio near 2× in P. angelae, F 8–10 rounded and F 11 L/W ratio near 1.2× in P. splendida).</p><p>Description. Male. Body length 11.0 mm. Black, with the following yellow: mandible (except apex), apical upper margin of scape, posterior surface of F 5–9, clypeus (except free margin), elongate lateral macula at face bottom, lateral large macula on pronotum, tegula, transverse fascia of metanotum, transverse fasciae of T 1–4 (with lateral excision), lateral spot on S 2–4. Pronotal lobe ventrally, apical part of all terga and sterna ferruginous. Femora ferruginous anteriorly, darkened posteriorly, with yellow apex; forefemur with large yellow spot apicoventrally. Tibiae and tarsi predominantly ferruginous, fore- and midtibiae yellowish anteriorly. Wing veins yellow basally.</p><p>Head in frontal view slightly transverse, H/W ratio = 0.83× (Fig. 22), inner eye margins distinctly divergent downwards, minimum distance between eye and hind ocellus nearly equal to hind ocellus diameter, POL/OOL ratio = 2.15× (Fig. 21). Median clypeal lobe with four acute teeth. Mandible unidentate, stout, sharply curved at middle, almost straight apically, without row of setae, only with small external area at middle with few long setae. Antenna distinctly flattened towards apex, flagellomeres widened; F 8–10 slightly pointed apicoventrally (Figs 6–9). Head densely punctate, on clypeus, vertex and gena more sparsely. Setae silver, at frons slightly yellowish, not hiding sculpture, long setae on frons and gena about 1.5× midocellus diameter.</p><p>Pronotal collar with thin median furrow, near anterolateral angle with small, but distinct transverse tubercle. Lateral surface of pronotum microridged, pronotal collar with few punctures.</p><p>Mesonotum with clear parapsidal line; punctures different sizes, punctation dense anteriorly and posteriorly, central lateral parts shiny, with large impunctate interspaces. Mesonotal setae ill developed. Mesopleuron densely punctate, with setae about midocellus diameter long. Mesopostnotum shiny, with sparse punctures.</p><p>Metapostnotum well separated, asetose, at central part and base longitudinally rugose, laterally with delicate longitudinal wrinkles.</p><p>Lateral and posterior surfaces of propodeum densely punctate, with setae about as long as 1.5× midocellus diameter.</p><p>Foretarsus not flattened, basitarsomerus with deep ventral incision at base, tarsomerus IV shortened, tarsal rake greatly reduced (Figs 4–5). Tibial spines and setae whitish.</p><p>Wings venation typical for the genus.</p><p>Metasoma without constrictions between segments, terga with fairly dense micropunctation, punctation sparser towards apical segments. Pygidial plate broadly rounded apically, with slightly widened and raised sides; with distinct punctures and microsculpture, matt. Long setae present on T 1, base of T 2, lateral parts of T 6 and sterna. Setae noticeably denser on T 6 laterally and S 6 apically.</p><p>Female. In coloration similar to male, but legs and metasoma predominantly ferruginous (Fig. 18); yellow marks at inner eyes margins wider. Ocello-ocular distance distinctly longer then hind ocellus diameter.</p><p>Distribution. Armenia, Azerbaijan (new record).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0380B274D046E511FF11D697BBBFFD30	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mokrousov, Mikhail V.;Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.;Maharramov, Mahir M.	Mokrousov, Mikhail V., Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., Maharramov, Mahir M. (2025): Taxonomic notes on two species of Pseudoscolia (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae, Philanthinae) described by O. Radoszkowski. Zootaxa 5715 (1): 291-299, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5715.1.27, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5715.1.27
