identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
038B8066FFE0D41CFF6EFF2D6CE7F214.text	038B8066FFE0D41CFF6EFF2D6CE7F214.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thanatophilus porrectus (A. P. Semenov 1891)	<div><p>Thanatophilus porrectus (A.P. Semenov, 1891)</p><p>(Figs. 1–2)</p><p>Silpha (Thanatophilus) porrecta A.P. Semenov, 1891: 301 (original description, type locality: “ Turkestan chinens.: ad fluv. Pachpu … nec non apud urbem Polu ” [China, Xinjiang]).</p><p>Thanatophilus armeniacus Reitter, 1912: 104 (original description, type locality: “Kagysman in Russisch- Armenien ” [Turkey, Kars Prov., Kagizman]); synonymized by Schawaller (1981: 8).</p><p>Thanatophilus sillemi Portevin, 1935, 281 (original description, type locality: “Tehrong valley a 4125 m d’altitude, pres d’un glacier” [Pakistan]); synonymized by Schawaller (1981: 8).</p><p>Thanatophilus porrectus: Schawaller, 1981: 8 (key, diagnosis, synonymy, iconography, distribution: “USSR: Primorskij krai, Tetchuche” [probably erroneous record] … Tian Shan, ohne Datum, 1 Expl. leg. Musart [probably the data connected with locality Musart in Xinjiang Prov. of China] … Taschkent [Uzbekistan, Tashkent] … W- Pamir, Sank-Dara [Tajikistan, W Pamir Mts., Khorug env., Rushan Mt. Range, Sangou-Dara River] … Alai- Tal [Kyrgyzstan, Osh Reg., Alai Valley] … Chinesisch- Turkestan: Polu [China, Xinjiang Prov.]; Růžička &amp; Schneider 1996: 78 (distribution: China, Xinjiang Prov., 50 km SW Bayanbulak, 80 km SW Bayanbulak; Qinghai Prov., 20 km W Kumbum); Nikolajev &amp; Kozminykh 2002: 46 (key, diagnosis, iconography, distribution: Kyrgyzstan, Inylchek Riv; Terskei Alatau, Ottuk Riv.; Tajikistan, Panj Karatau, Astana Mt.; China, Xinjiang Prov., “Ichkibash (tributary of the Kucha River)”; Růžička &amp; Schneider 2002: 220 (distribution: Afghanistan, Badakhshan Prov., Hindukush Mts., 4500 m, without more precise location; Pakistan, North West Frontier Prov., Sharan, Kagan valley); Nishikawa 2011: 39 (distribution: Pakistan, Karakorum, Gore, ca. 35°44'32"N 76°26'20"E, Baltoro Glacier); Růžička et al. 2011: 243 (Jammu and Kashmir, W Sumda Chenmo, Drogulika mountain pasture, ca. 34°08′N 077°06′E); Ghahari, Hava, 2015: 1507 (Iran, Khorasan province, Taybad, 34°48′N 60°40′E); Růžička 2015: 233 (catalogue, distribution; Europe: Armenia; Asia: Afghanistan, Far East of Russia, Kashmir, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, China (Qinghai, Xinjiang), Tajikistan, Uzbekistan).</p><p>Material examined. Russia. 1 ♂: Daghestan Rep., east of Greater Caucasus, Khunzakh Plateau, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=46.717777&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.552776" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 46.717777/lat 42.552776)">Khunzakh village</a>, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=46.717777&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.552776" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 46.717777/lat 42.552776)">Tobot Waterfall</a>, 42°33'10''N 46°43'4''E, 22.04.2021, A. Shapovalov leg., h= 1650 m . Kazakhstan. 1 ♀: Turkestan Reg., Sairam-Ugam National Park, Western Tien Shan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=70.3125&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.11722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 70.3125/lat 42.11722)">Karzhantau Mt. Range</a>, left tributary of Saryaigyr Riv., 42°07'02''N 70°18'45''E, 22.06.2023, A. Shapovalov leg. h = 2465m . Kyrgyzstan. 1 ♀: Osh Prov., Nookat Distr., Kashkasu env., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=72.75584&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.912502" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 72.75584/lat 39.912502)">Kichik-Alai River valley</a> between Kichik-Alai &amp; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=72.75584&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.912502" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 72.75584/lat 39.912502)">Alai Mountain</a> Ranges, 17.05.2016, 39°54'45"N 72°45'21"E, A. Shapovalov leg. h = 2563 m .</p><p>Diagnosis. The species clearly differs from other congeners by combination of the following characters: body and appendages black, abdomen with reddish-brown visible segment 7 (tergite 7 – “pygidium” and ventrite 7) in both sexes and tergite 8 in male, abdominal segment 6 (tergite 6 and ventrite 6) reddish-brown along posterior margin; body often shiny, but in the specimen from Eastern Caucasus elytra barely shiny (Fig. 1), sometimes elytra with faint bluish tinge (Fig. 2); head dorsally with semierect yellowish- or rufous-brown pubescence; pronotum with uniform dark-brown recumbent setation, not concealing cuticle; elytra bear small humeral teeth or lacking them; all three elytral costae sharp and raised, outer costa significantly extends preapical tubercle; spaces between costae without tubercles, punctures subquadrate, separated by approximately their diameters or slightly more their diameters; sutural angle of elytra in males obliquely truncated at the back, in females lobed and shortly extended. Body length 9–11 mm.</p><p>Distribution. The most of localities are known from mountainous regions of Central Asia within mountain systems Tien-Shan, Pamir-Alai, Hindukush, Karakoram, Kunlun and Tibetan Plateau; to the west area of the species reaches Western Asia in the north of the Iranian Plateau, Caucasus and Armenian Plateau (see map, Fig. 3). It is recorded from Eastern Turkey, Southern Russia (recorded for the first time), northern Iran, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan (recorded for the first time), northwestern China (Xinjiang and Qinghai Provinces). All records from Armenia (Schawaller 1981; Růžička 2015 and others) seems to be based on Reitter`s record from “Kagysman in Russisch- Armenien ” (Reitter 1912, as Th. armeniacus) and actually refer to the present-time territory of Kars Province of Turkey. Thus, there are no reliable records for Armenia yet. All earlier records from Russia (Far East, Primorsky Krai) are doubtful (see notes).</p><p>Ecology. This apparently cryophilic species inhabits open mountainous landscapes, often found near cold mountain rivers or snow patches (Figs. 4–5). Most of findings bearing altitude data are located from about 2400 m to 4100 m, the locality in Hindukush Mountains is at the highest altitude of 4500 m, in Dagestan the species was found at an altitude of 1650 m, and in Northern Iran it was recorded at an altitude of 786 m. Activity of imago is recorded from April to September.</p><p>Notes. According to Nikolajev &amp; Kozminykh (2002: 48): “Observation of this species [ Th. porrectus] in Primorsky Krai is extremely unlikely and requires verification, especially since these are old collection materials without a collection date (see Schawaller 1981 …)”. Taking into account the mainly central Asian montanous distrsibution area of Th. porrectus, the above-mentioned opinion (Nikolajev &amp; Kozminykh 2002) seems justified. All previous records from Russia seem to be based on the record of Schawaller (1981) for Primorsky Krai and have never been confirmed by other materials or by findings from nearby territories of Eastern Asia. So, these records are probably erroneous and at least need confirmation.</p><p>Acknowledgements</p><p>The author sincerely thank for the opportunity to carry out entomological research at the territory of the Sairam-Ugam State National Natural Park to Director Sagadat O. Nurzhigitov and the Head of Science Department Galymzhan Zh. Zhenisbekuly; for the opportunity to use photographic equipment to Sergey V. Kolov ( Institute of Zoology RK, Almaty, Kazakhstan); for reviewers Vladislav O. Kozminykh (Perm State Humanitarian-Pedagogical University, Perm, Russia) and Georgy V. Nikolajev (Institute of Zoology RK, Almaty, Kazakhstan) for comments on the text of the manuscript .</p><p>This work is supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Scientific Program “Development of an information system for the wild animals of the Western Tien Shan for conservation and sustainable use” (BR24993060).</p><p>References</p><p>Ghahari, H. &amp; Hava, J. (2015) An annotated checklist of the Iranian carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinoidea: Silphidae). Linzer biologische Beiträge, 47 (2), 1501–1511.</p><p>Mahlerová, K., Jakubec, P., Krak K. &amp; Růžička J. (2024) Resolving the intergeneric phylogeny of the large carrion beetles (Staphylinidae: Silphinae: Silphini). Systematic Entomology, 50 (1), 168– 179. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12650</p><p>Nikolaev, G.V. &amp; Kozminykh, V.O. (2002) Zhuky-mertvoedy (Coleoptera: Agyrtidae, Silphidae) Kazakhstana, Rossii i ryada sopredelnykh stran: Opredelitel. [The carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Agyrtidae, Silphidae) of Kazakhstan, Russia and adjacent countries]. Kazak universiteti, Almaty, 160 pp.</p><p>Nishikawa, M. (2011) Records of Two Silphid Beetles from the Foot of K2 and Papua Barat of New Guinea. Elytra, Tokyo, New Series, 1 (1), 39–40.</p><p>Portevin, G. (1935) Silphidae (Col.). In Visser, P. C. &amp; Visser-Hooft, J. (Eds.), Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der niederlandischen Expeditionen in den Karakorum und die angrenzenden Gebiete in den Jahren 1922, 1925, 1929/30 und 1935, 1. Brockhaus, F.A., Leipzig, pp. 281–282.</p><p>Reitter, E. (1912) Zwei neue Coleopteren. Wiener entomologische Zeitung, 31, 104.</p><p>Růžička, J. &amp; Schneider, J. (1996) Faunistic records of Silphidae (Coleoptera) from China. Klapalekiana, 32, 77–83.</p><p>Růžička, J. &amp; Schneider, J. (2002) Distributional records of carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae) from Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and north-western India. Klapalekiana, 38, 213–225.</p><p>Růžička, J. (2015) Family Silphidae Latreille, 1807. In: Lobl, I. &amp; Lobl, D. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 1. Hydrophiloidea-Staphylinoidea. Revised and Updated Edition. Brill, Leiden-Boston, pp. 291–304.</p><p>Růžička, J., Šípková, H. &amp; Schneider, J. (2011) Notes on carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae) from India. Klapalekiana, 47, 239–245.</p><p>Schawaller, W. (1981) Taxonomie und faunistik der gattung Thanatophilus (Coleoptera: Silphidae). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie A (Biologie), 351, 1–21.</p><p>Semenov, A.P. (1891) Diagnoses Coleopterorum novorum ex Asia Centrali et Orientali, III. Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, 25 [1890–1891], 262–382.</p><p>Sikes, D.S., Thayer, M.K. &amp; Newton, A.F. (2024) Large carrion and burying beetles evolved from Staphylinidae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Silphinae): a review of the evidence. ZooKeys, 1200, 159–182. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1200.122835</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038B8066FFE0D41CFF6EFF2D6CE7F214	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shapovalov, Andrey M.	Shapovalov, Andrey M. (2025): Notes on distribution of Thanatophilus porrectus (A. P. Semenov, 1891) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Silphinae). Ecologica Montenegrina 82: 137-142, DOI: 10.37828/em.2025.82.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2025.82.9
