identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03AE9874FFFFFFB5FF3EFF39FBDB00CF.text	03AE9874FFFFFFB5FF3EFF39FBDB00CF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Actinotaenium (Nageli) Teiling 1954	<div><p>Actinotaenium (Nägeli) Teiling, 1954</p><p>* Actinotaenium turgidum var. ovatum (Nordstedt) Teiling ex Croasdale</p><p>Croasdale &amp; Flint 1988, p. 81, pl. 29, figs 6,7.</p><p>Fig. 3a</p><p>Comments: Croasdale &amp; Flint (1988) regarded this variety as synonymous with the typical species. They also stated that Actinotaenium turgidum (Brébisson ex Ralfs) Teiling is found in acidic to circum-neutral, mesotrophic waters. It is rated as mesotrophic in Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007).</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan. A new record for Kalimantan since A. turgidum (as Cosmarium turgidum Brébisson ex Ralfs) has been previously reported from Sumatra and Java by Krieger (1932).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFFFFFB5FF3EFF39FBDB00CF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EFED6FDB1029F.text	03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EFED6FDB1029F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bambusina Kutzing 1849	<div><p>Bambusina Kützing ex Kützing, 1849, nom. cons.</p><p>Bambusina borreri (Ralfs) Cleve</p><p>Scott &amp; Prescott 1961, p. 123, pl. 62, fig. 1.</p><p>Fig. 3b</p><p>Comments: Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007) rated this species as acidophilous and oligotrophic. Croasdale et al. (1994) stated that this species is usually found in oligotrophic waters but noted that it also occured in a much broader range of pH.</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Scott &amp; Prescott (1961) encountered this speices frequently in their collections from Java, Sumatra and Kalimantan (as Borneo).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EFED6FDB1029F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EFBFDFC3C05B7.text	03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EFBFDFC3C05B7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmarium bioculatum Ralfs	<div><p>Cosmarium cf. bioculatum Brébisson ex Ralfs</p><p>Croasdale &amp; Flint 1988, p. 55, pl. 32, figs 10–13.</p><p>Fig. 4b</p><p>Comments: We have designated this species as Cosmarium cf. bioculatum by virtue of the size range of our specimens being within the limits of the quoted dimensions of this species. Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007) rated this desmid as meso-eutrophic and found in slightly acidic to alkaline waterbodies. However, Croasdale &amp; Flint (1988) rated it as oligo-mesotrophic and found in moderately acid to occasionally lime-rich habitats.</p><p>Distribution: Probably cosmopolitan but the distribution of this species is not well understood due to it being confused with other similar Cosmarium species see Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EFBFDFC3C05B7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EFD65FDC403E7.text	03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EFD65FDC403E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmarium Corda ex Ralfs 1848	<div><p>Cosmarium Corda ex Ralfs, 1848</p><p>Cosmarium angulosum Brébisson</p><p>Croasdale &amp; Flint 1988, p. 52, pl. 41, figs 15–18.</p><p>Fig. 4a</p><p>Comments: Found in small bodies of oligotrophic waters that are acidic to circumneutral Croasdale &amp; Flint (1988). This species is rated as oligo-mesotrophic by Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007).</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EFD65FDC403E7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EFA0DFA4506B3.text	03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EFA0DFA4506B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmarium difficile var. dilatatum O. Borge	<div><p>* Cosmarium difficile var. dilatatum O. Borge</p><p>Borge 1925, p. 34, pl. 1, fig. 38.</p><p>Fig. 4c</p><p>Distribution: Europe, North America, South America, India; probably cosmopolitan. A new record for Indonesia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EFA0DFA4506B3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EF911FDE707D3.text	03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EF911FDE707D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmarium geminatum fm. ornatum Behre	<div><p>* Cosmarium geminatum f. ornatum Behre</p><p>Behre 1956, 61, pl. 5, fig. 5</p><p>Fig. 4d</p><p>Distribution: Previously reported from the Phillipines, Sumatra, Nigeria (Kadiri 2002), and Australia (Ling &amp; Tyler 2000). A new record for Kalimantan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF0FFB5FF3EF911FDE707D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF1FFB4FF3EFF41FDC401CB.text	03AE9874FFF1FFB4FF3EFF41FDC401CB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmarium granatum Ralfs	<div><p>Cosmarium granatum Brébisson ex Ralfs</p><p>Croasdale &amp; Flint 1988, p. 68, pl. 34, figs 14 &amp; 15.</p><p>Fig. 4e</p><p>Comments: Croasdale &amp; Flint (1988) rated this species as very adaptable, being found in bodies of water that is either acidic or alkaline, dystrophic to eutrophic. Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007) also noted that it is commonly found in slightly acidic to slightly alkaline waters but classified it as mesotrophic.</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF1FFB4FF3EFF41FDC401CB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EFF41FCF801A7.text	03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EFF41FCF801A7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmarium margaritatum var. quadrum Willi Krieger	<div><p>* Cosmarium margaritatum var. quadrum Willi Krieger</p><p>Krieger 1932, p. 179, pl. 12, fig. 7</p><p>Fig. 4f</p><p>Distribution: A new record for Kalimantan. Originally described from Indonesia by Krieger (1932) based on collections taken from the islands of Sumatra and Java. This species also occured in Brazil, Mali, Bangladesh, India and Australia and Tchad (Compère 1970); indicating a tropical distribution.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EFF41FCF801A7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EFE3DFBA20377.text	03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EFE3DFBA20377.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmarium obsoletum (Hantzsch) Reinsch	<div><p>Cosmarium obsoletum (Hantzsch) Reinsch</p><p>Croasdale &amp; Flint 1988, p. 81, pl. 29, figs 6,7.</p><p>Fig. 4g</p><p>Comments: The semicells have a disctinctive cell wall-thickening at the basal angles. Cosmarium obsoletum var. sitvense Gutwinski, which is distinguished by the presence of a large pore within the thickened basal angles of the cell wall, was also encountered and has been included here. Chloroplast in each semicell has two pyrenoids. This species is found in mildly acidic to mildly alkaline waters from aufwuchs to plankton of mires, ponds and lakes Croasdale &amp; Flint (1988). Rated as meso-oligotrophic by Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007).</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan but apparently more widespread in in tropical regions.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EFE3DFBA20377	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EFC4DFDC404BB.text	03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EFC4DFDC404BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmarium obtusatum (Schmidle) Schmidle	<div><p>Cosmarium cf. obtusatum (Schmidle) Schmidle</p><p>Coesel &amp; Meesters 2007, p. 128, pl. 77, figs 1–3.</p><p>Fig. 4h</p><p>Comments: The cell outline and size suggest this species is Cosmarium obtusatum (Schmidle) Schmidle. However, confirmation of the cell wall ornamentation and observations of our specimens from different viewpoints is required.</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EFC4DFDC404BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EFB09FC850603.text	03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EFB09FC850603.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmarium pseudopyramidatum Lundell	<div><p>* Cosmarium pseudopyramidatum Lundell</p><p>Croasdale &amp; Flint 1988, p. 88, pl. 36, figs 1–3.</p><p>Fig. 4i</p><p>Comments: Distinguished from similarly-shaped Cosmarium species by possessing only a single pyrenoid per semicell. Typically found in small bodies of oligotrophic water with low pH; including rice fields in the tropics Croasdale &amp; Flint (1988).</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan. A new record for Indonesia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EFB09FC850603	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EF9E1FDC4076B.text	03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EF9E1FDC4076B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmarium regnellii Wille	<div><p>Cosmarium regnellii Wille</p><p>Croasdale &amp; Flint 1988, p. 98, pl. 41, figs 1–4, 9.</p><p>Fig. 4j</p><p>Comments: Commonly found in oligotrophic ponds and small lakes that are slightly acidic to slightly alkaline; also occurs in rice fields but rarely encountered in the plankton or eutrophic waters Croasdale &amp; Flint (1988). Rated as meso-eutrophic by Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007) and common in various slightly acidic to slightly alkaline waters.</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF2FFB7FF3EF9E1FDC4076B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF2FFB6FF3EF879FDC400CF.text	03AE9874FFF2FFB6FF3EF879FDC400CF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmarium striolatum (Nageli) W. Archer	<div><p>Cosmarium striolatum (Nägeli) W. Archer</p><p>Coesel &amp; Meesters 2007, p. 141, pl. 70, fig. 8.</p><p>Fig. 4k</p><p>Comments: Classified as mesotrophic by Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007). Distribution: Cosmopolitan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF2FFB6FF3EF879FDC400CF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EFED5FF1F029F.text	03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EFED5FF1F029F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmarium sublatereundatum West & G.S.West 1895	<div><p>Cosmarium cf. sublatereundatum West &amp; G.S. West</p><p>Vyverman 1991, p. 84, pl. 24, figs 4a, b, 5 &amp; 6, 150, fig c.</p><p>Fig. 4l</p><p>Comments: The size of the figured cell and its outline with truncated apeax suggest this species is Cosmarium sublatereundatum West &amp; G.S.West. However, confirmation of the cell wall ornamentation and observations of the speciemens from different viewpoints is needed.</p><p>Distribution: Previous records of this species suggested a more or less tropical to sub-tropical distribution: Russian Federation (Asian part), Japan, Myanmar (Burma), Bangladesh, India, Iraq, Africa, Paraguay, France and Poland.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EFED5FF1F029F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EFD65FDC403C3.text	03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EFD65FDC403C3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cosmarium subspeciosum var. validius Nordstedt	<div><p>Cosmarium cf. subspeciosum var. validius Nordstedt</p><p>Croasdale &amp; Flint 1988, p. 106, pl. 49, figs 11&amp;12.</p><p>Fig. 4m</p><p>Comments: Observations of the cell wall sculpturing on the face of the semicells are required to confirm our designation.</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EFD65FDC403C3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EFC21FAE80507.text	03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EFC21FAE80507.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Desmidium C. Agardh ex Ralfs 1848	<div><p>Desmidium C. Agardh ex Ralfs, 1848</p><p>Desmidium aptogonum var. tetragonum (Delponte) West &amp; G.S.West</p><p>Scott &amp; Prescott 1961, p. 124, pl. 62, figs 5–7.</p><p>Fig. 5a</p><p>Comments: Some authors consider this taxon as a synonym of Desmidium baileyi (Ralfs) Nordstedt. Distribution: Mostly recorded from (sub)tropical regions: Nigeria, India, Thailand, Japan, Australia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EFC21FAE80507	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EFA9DFEE4064B.text	03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EFA9DFEE4064B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Desmidium coarctatum Nordstedt	<div><p>* Desmidium coarctatum Nordstedt</p><p>Croasdale et al. 1994, p. 152, pl. 143, figs 1 to 3.</p><p>Fig. 5b</p><p>Comments: Croasdale et al. (1994) note that this species is often found in small bodies of acidic water.</p><p>Distribution: A new record for Kalimantan, previously reported from the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra. Cosmopolitan</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EFA9DFEE4064B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EF959FC9807D3.text	03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EF959FC9807D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Desmidium swartzii Ralfs	<div><p>* Desmidium swartzii C. Agardh ex Ralfs</p><p>Croasdale et al. 1994, p. 154, pl. 142, figs 1 to 9.</p><p>Fig. 5c</p><p>Comments: Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007) rated this species as mesotrophic and occassionally found in peat pits. Croasdale et al. (1994) deemed it a tolerant species as it is found in a range of habitats but also noted that it is mainly found in small bodies of oligotrophic, acid water.</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan. A new record for Kalimantan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF3FFB6FF3EF959FC9807D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF3FFB1FF3EF831FC33017A.text	03AE9874FFF3FFB1FF3EF831FC33017A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Docidium Brebisson ex Ralfs 1848	<div><p>Docidium Brébisson ex Ralfs, 1848</p><p>* Docidium baculum Brébisson ex Ralfs</p><p>Coesel &amp; Meesters 2007, p. 65, pl. 32, figs 3,4.</p><p>Fig. 5d</p><p>Comments: Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007) rated this species as acidophilous that is found in oligotrophic waters. Distribution: A new record for Kalimantan.This is a widespread species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF3FFB1FF3EF831FC33017A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF4FFB1FF3EF96CFA9207B5.text	03AE9874FFF4FFB1FF3EF96CFA9207B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euastridium W. West & G. S. West 1907	<div><p>Euastridium West &amp; G.S. West, 1908</p><p>Euastridium staurastroides Carter</p><p>Scott &amp; Prescott 1961, p. 30, pl.10, figs 1 &amp; 2.</p><p>Fig. 6a</p><p>Distribution: Indonesia (Kalimantan and Sumatra), India and Cambodia (see Kanetsuna &amp; Yamagishi 2018).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF4FFB1FF3EF96CFA9207B5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF4FFB0FF3EF80BFF1001A2.text	03AE9874FFF4FFB0FF3EF80BFF1001A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euastrum Ehrenberg ex Ralfs 1848	<div><p>Euastrum Ehrenberg ex Ralfs, 1848</p><p>* Euastrum binale var. curtum (West &amp; G.S. West) Willi Krieger</p><p>Krieger 1937, p. 550, pl. 75, figs 9 &amp; 10.</p><p>Fig. 6b</p><p>Comments: Its basionym is Euastrum cosmarioides var. curtum W.West &amp; G.S.West. This is likely a nascent form of the type variety due to rapidly dividing cells.</p><p>Distribution: A new varietal record for Kalimantan, previously reported from Singapore and Angola (Krieger 1937).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF4FFB0FF3EF80BFF1001A2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF5FFB0FF3EFE00FDC402E6.text	03AE9874FFF5FFB0FF3EFE00FDC402E6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euastrum denticulatum F. Gay	<div><p>Euastrum denticulatum F. Gay</p><p>Coesel &amp; Meesters 2007, p. 76, pl. 47, figs 10–16.</p><p>Fig. 6c</p><p>Comments: Rated as meso-oligotrophic by Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007) and found in a wide range of acidic to circumneutral habitats Croasdale &amp; Flint (1986).</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF5FFB0FF3EFE00FDC402E6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF5FFB0FF3EFCFCFF130492.text	03AE9874FFF5FFB0FF3EFCFCFF130492.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euastrum didelta Ralfs	<div><p>Euastrum cf. didelta Ralfs complex</p><p>Scott &amp; Prescott 1961, p. 1, pl., figs 5 –7.</p><p>Fig. 6d</p><p>Comments: We encountered a bewildering array of forms that correspond to many already-proposed varities and formae of this supposed taxon. Since we were unable to clearly discern the cellular ornamentation and that these forms may be confused with similar species like Euastrum ansatum Ehrenberg ex Ralfs, we could not confidently identify our material to the species level. However, the other varities of E. didelta that were successfully discerned are indicated below.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF5FFB0FF3EFCFCFF130492	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF5FFB0FF3EFB70FC5805D6.text	03AE9874FFF5FFB0FF3EFB70FC5805D6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euastrum didelta var. capitatum (Scott & Prescott) O. V. Anissimova & Guiry Anissimova & Guiry 2021	<div><p>* Euastrum didelta var. capitatum (Scott &amp; Prescott) O.V. Anissimova &amp; Guiry</p><p>Anissimova &amp; Guiry 2021b, p. 1, figs 19–22.</p><p>Fig. 6e</p><p>Comments: Its basionym is Euastrum sinuosum var. capitatum Scott &amp; Prescott.</p><p>Distribution: A new varietal record for Kalimantan. Originally described from Sumatra, Indonesia by Scott &amp; Prescott (1961). Also reported from India, Cambodia and Bangladesh.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF5FFB0FF3EFB70FC5805D6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF5FFB0FF3EFA2CFE880719.text	03AE9874FFF5FFB0FF3EFA2CFE880719.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euastrum didelta var. dideltoides (Willi Krieger) O. V. Anissimova & Guiry Anissimova & Guiry 2021	<div><p>* Euastrum didelta var. dideltoides (Willi Krieger) O.V. Anissimova &amp; Guiry</p><p>Anissimova &amp; Guiry 2021b, p. 2, figs 23 &amp; 24.</p><p>Fig. 6f</p><p>Comments: Its basionym is Euastrum sinuosum var. dideltoides Krieger.</p><p>Distribution: A new varietal record for Kalimantan, Indonesia. Reported previously from Sumatra, Thailand, China and Japan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF5FFB0FF3EFA2CFE880719	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF5FFB2FF3EF8E8FB4400CF.text	03AE9874FFF5FFB2FF3EF8E8FB4400CF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euastrum dideltoides (Raciborski)	<div><p>* Euastrum dideltoides (Raciborski) West &amp; G.S. West</p><p>West &amp; G.S. West 1902, p. 147, pl. 19, fig. 12.</p><p>Fig. 6g</p><p>Comments: A poorly known species, it may be related or even synonymous to other, morphologically-similar species such as Euastrum quadriceps Nordstedt.</p><p>Distribution: Australia (New South Wales), Africa (South Africa as “forma”) and Sri Lanka. A new record for</p><p>Indonesia. Based on the aformentioned localities, we have treated this as a tropical species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF5FFB2FF3EF8E8FB4400CF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EFED5FDF1029F.text	03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EFED5FDF1029F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euastrum dubium Nageli	<div><p>Euastrum dubium Nägeli</p><p>Coesel &amp; Meesters 2007, p. 77, pl. 47, fig. 18.</p><p>Fig. 6h</p><p>Comments: While we are confident of our designation at the species level, we were unable to determine what varitey the encountered specimens are. Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007) rated this species as meso-oligotrphic and Croasdale &amp; Flint (1986) noted that it was found in waters that tend to be acidic (preferring Sphagnum) but also broader pH range of circumneutral.</p><p>Distribution: This species and its many varieties are widespread and have been previously reported from southeast Asia, including Kalimantan (Borneo).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EFED5FDF1029F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EFBB5FDB1054F.text	03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EFBB5FDB1054F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euastrum longicolle var. magnaporum A. M. Scott & Prescott Scott & Prescott 1961	<div><p>Euastrum longicolle var. magnaporum A.M. Scott &amp; Prescott</p><p>Scott &amp; Prescott 1961, p. 30, pl.8, fig. 1.</p><p>Fig. 6j</p><p>Comments: This variety is characterised by a large central pit on the centre of the semicell face. Distribution: An Indonesian endemic.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EFBB5FDB1054F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EFD65FED3042F.text	03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EFD65FED3042F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euastrum neosinuosum O. V. Anissimova & Guiry Anissimova & Guiry 2021	<div><p>Euastrum neosinuosum O.V. Anissimova &amp; Guiry</p><p>Anissimova &amp; Guiry 2021a, p. 2</p><p>Fig. 6i</p><p>Comments: Replaced synonym: Euastrum sinuosum Lenormand ex W.Archer. There are several varities and formae of this species (see Anissimova &amp; Guiry (2021a)). We consider the cell outline here best matches the original depictions of the type species. Croasdale &amp; Flint (1986) noted that this species is typically found in acidic habitats, especially Sphagnum waters.</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Several varieties of this species have been reported from Indonesia, including Kalimantan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EFD65FED3042F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EFA55FDC406D7.text	03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EFA55FDC406D7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euastrum pulchellum Brebisson	<div><p>Euastrum cf. pulchellum Brébisson</p><p>Coesel &amp; Meesters 2007, p. 81, pl. 47, figs 5 &amp; 6.</p><p>Fig. 6k</p><p>Comments: The cell outline is suggestive of the species Euastrum pulchellum Brébisson, however, observations of the finer cell wall ornamentation is needed for confirmation. It could also be comparable with Euastrum dubium var. protuberans Kanetsuna.</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EFA55FDC406D7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EF92DFD4F07F7.text	03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EF92DFD4F07F7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euastrum serratum Joshua	<div><p>Euastrum serratum Joshua</p><p>Scott &amp; Prescott 1961, p. 39, pl. 11, figs 6 &amp; 7.</p><p>Fig. 6l</p><p>Distribution: Indonesia (Sumatra and Kalimantan), India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Myanmar (Burma), the Phillipines, Cambodia, Japan, South Korea, and Australia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFF7FFB2FF3EF92DFD4F07F7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFF41FC4B01A7.text	03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFF41FC4B01A7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euastrum sublobatum var. sumatranum A. M. Scott & Prescott Scott & Prescott 1961	<div><p>* Euastrum sublobatum var. sumatranum A.M. Scott &amp; Prescott</p><p>Scott &amp; Prescott 1961, p. 41, pl. 14, fig. 14.</p><p>Fig. 6m</p><p>Distribution: A new record for Kalimantan. In Indonesia, this variety is known from the original work of Scott &amp; Prescott (1961) from their collections taken from Sumatra. However, it has also been recorded from Southwest Asia/ India (Suseela &amp; Toppo, 2007, Lone et al., 2021, Verma et al. 2021).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFF41FC4B01A7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFE3DFF3702C7.text	03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFE3DFF3702C7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euastrum turgidum Wallic	<div><p>Euastrum turgidum Wallic</p><p>Scott &amp; Prescott 1961, p. 44, pl. 12, figs 4 &amp; 5.</p><p>Fig. 6n</p><p>Distribution: South-west Asia (Bangladesh, India), Asia (China, Japan, Taiwan), South-east Asia (Thailand) and Australia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFE3DFF3702C7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFD24FE360417.text	03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFD24FE360417.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Haplotaenium Bando 1988	<div><p>Haplotaenium Bando, 1988</p><p>Haplotaenium minutum (Ralfs) Bando</p><p>Coesel &amp; Meesters 2007, p. 65, pl. 32, figs 5–8.</p><p>Fig. 7a</p><p>Comments: Acidophilous and often found in oligotrophic waters (Coesel &amp; Meesters 2007). Distribution: Cosmpolitan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFD24FE360417	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFA84FC290807.text	03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFA84FC290807.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Micrasterias apiculata var. naogaonensis Islam & Haroon 1980	<div><p>* Micrasterias apiculata var. naogaonensis Islam &amp; Haroon</p><p>Islam &amp; Haroon 1980, p. 570, pl. 12, fig. 160</p><p>Fig. 7c</p><p>Comments: Based on the original description, the correct spelling for the varietal name should be “ naogaonensis ” (feminine), as it should agree in gender with the genus Micrasterias (feminine), rather than “ naogaonense ” (neuter) in the original description (Islam &amp; Haroon, 1980). The cell ornamentation here are similar to those depicted as Micrasterias apiculata var. lacerata Turner in Scott &amp; Prescott (1961). The arrangement and number of corolla of spines matched our specimens, albeit that the fourth crown of spines which is nearest to the apex of the polar lobe is not completely developed as ours. Joshua (1886) informally depicted and described a new forma of Micrasterias apiculata Meneghini ex Ralfs from Myanmar (Burma). He stated that it is “a variety with central protuberances in each semicell circled with strong spines”. Moreover, his depiction of this “forma” is dichotypical, with one semicell possessing four crowns of spines and the other, only one. Based on these observations, we suspected the two varieties discussed here are synonymous, but a more in-depth investigation into the polymorphism of these and other morophologically similar entities in this region is required for confirmation. It should also be noted that Turner’s (1893) protologue of M. apiculata var. lacerata did not include any mention or depiction of this kind of cellular ornamentation.</p><p>Distribution: Africa, Indonesia, Thailand, Australia, India, Bangladesh when accounting for all varieties and forma mentioned above. A new varietal record for Indonesia, however, previously reported under different designations from this country if considering the above discussion on potential synonymy.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFA84FC290807	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFBF4FBBF0527.text	03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFBF4FBBF0527.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Micrasterias C. Agardh ex Ralfs 1848	<div><p>Micrasterias C.Agardh ex Ralfs, 1848</p><p>Micrasterias anomola var. reducta Scott &amp; Prescott</p><p>Scott &amp; Prescott 1961, p. 46, pl. 19, figs 5–7</p><p>Fig. 7b</p><p>Comments: Cell was only just under 200 µm in length and quite smaller than the original description. Distribution: Reported only previously from Kalimantan by Scott &amp; Prescott (1961).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFE8FFADFF3EFBF4FBBF0527	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFE9FFACFF3EF9ECFB88077E.text	03AE9874FFE9FFACFF3EF9ECFB88077E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Micrasterias doveri Biswas	<div><p>Micrasterias doveri Biswas</p><p>Scott &amp; Prescott 1961, p. 52, pl. 21, fig. 3</p><p>Ling &amp; Tyler 2001, p. 196, pl. 89, fig. 1.</p><p>Fig. 7d</p><p>Synonym: Micrasterias torreyi var. doveri (Biswas) Krieger</p><p>Comments: According to Krieger (1939) it is Micrasterias torreyi var. doveri (Biswas) Willi Krieger.</p><p>Distribution: Malaysia, Indonesia (inc. Kalimantan), Northern Australia, Africa.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFE9FFACFF3EF9ECFB88077E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFE9FFAFFF3EF844FE00017F.text	03AE9874FFE9FFAFFF3EF844FE00017F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Micrasterias mahabuleshwarensis var. dichotoma (G. M. Smith) Willi Krieger	<div><p>* Micrasterias mahabuleshwarensis var. dichotoma (G.M. Smith) Willi Krieger</p><p>Prescott et al. 1977, p. 165, pl. 144, figs 1 &amp; 2.</p><p>Fig. 7e</p><p>Comments: Our figure is most comparable to those depicted in figure 2 of M. mahabuleshwarensis var. dichotoma Smith in Prescott et al. (1977). They stated that the lateral lobes are quite variable in that they can be reduced to the point that they resemble Micrasterias americana (Ehrenberg) Ralfs.</p><p>Distribution: A new variteal record for Indonesia. Micrasterias mahabuleshwarensis var. dichotoma has previosuly been reported from North America, South America, Africa, Asia, Australia, and has been classified as tropical in distribution here.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFE9FFAFFF3EF844FE00017F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EFE45FB14029F.text	03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EFE45FB14029F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Micrasterias subincisa Willi Krieger	<div><p>Micrasterias subincisa Willi Krieger</p><p>Scott &amp; Prescott 1961, pg. 51, pl. 18, fig. 5.</p><p>Fig. 7f</p><p>Comments: Cell size and lateral lobe morphology at or approaching the variety mandibula from Krieger (1932). Distribution: Reported from Indonesia (inc. Kalimantan), New Zealand, and the Philippines.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EFE45FB14029F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EFD65FBEB03E7.text	03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EFD65FBEB03E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Micrasterias suboblonga var. tecta W. Krieger	<div><p>Micrasterias suboblonga var. tecta W. Krieger</p><p>Scott &amp; Prescott 1961, pg. 52, pl. 22, figs 3 &amp; 4.</p><p>Fig. 7g</p><p>Comments: Like the specimens encountered in Scott &amp; Prescott (1961) from Kalimantan, the lateral lobes are more retuse compared to the original depicitons from Krieger (1932). Scott &amp; Prescott (1961) also noted this morphological difference did not warrant any taxonomic recognition as it is merely polymorphism.</p><p>Distribution: Reported from Indonesia (inc. Kalimantan) and the Philippines.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EFD65FBEB03E7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EFBFDFE47054F.text	03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EFBFDFE47054F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Micrasterias thomasiana var. notata (Nordstedt) Gronblad	<div><p>* Micrasterias thomasiana var. notata (Nordstedt) Grönblad</p><p>Prescott et al. 1977, p. 191, pl. 137, figs 4–6.</p><p>Fig. 7h</p><p>Commments: Rated as oligo-mesotrophic in Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007) and found in moderately acid waters in Croasdale &amp; Flint (1986).</p><p>Distribution: A new record for Kalimantan. Previously reported from Java and Sumatra by Scott &amp; Prescott (1961). Cosmopolitan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EFBFDFE47054F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EFA55FDC406D7.text	03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EFA55FDC406D7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotaenium Nageli 1849	<div><p>Pleurotaenium Nägeli, 1849</p><p>Pleurotaenium ehrenbergii (Ralfs) De Bary</p><p>Croasdale &amp; Flint 1986, p. 71, pl. 14, figs 8, 16.</p><p>Fig. 8a</p><p>Comments: Coesel &amp; Meesters (2007) noted that this species is commonly found in (slightly) acidic waters and that this desmid is mesotrophic. However, Croasdale &amp; Flint (1986) rated it as oligotrophic</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EFA55FDC406D7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EF92DFAA407D3.text	03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EF92DFAA407D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotaenium nodosum var. gutwinskii Willi Krieger	<div><p>Pleurotaenium nodosum var. gutwinskii Willi Krieger</p><p>Croasdale &amp; Flint 1986, p. 73, pl. 14, figs 12, 13.</p><p>Fig. 8b</p><p>Distribution: Reported as “widespread” by Croasdale &amp; Flint (1986), we therefore classify it as cosmopolitan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFEAFFAFFF3EF92DFAA407D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFEBFFA9FF3EF87FFD120113.text	03AE9874FFEBFFA9FF3EF87FFD120113.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pleurotaenium ovatum var. inerme Mobius	<div><p>Pleurotaenium ovatum var. inerme Möbius</p><p>Scott &amp; Prescott 1961, p. 17, pl. 6, figs 3 &amp; 4</p><p>Fig. 8c</p><p>Comments: Typical habitat of the type variety reported as dystrophic by Croasdale &amp; Flint (1986).</p><p>Distribution: This species and its varieties are found tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Australia, Indonesia, South America (Croasdale &amp; Flint 1986).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFEBFFA9FF3EF87FFD120113	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFECFFA9FF3EFEF1FBDE029F.text	03AE9874FFECFFA9FF3EFEF1FBDE029F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Staurastrum Meyen ex Ralfs 1848	<div><p>Staurastrum Meyen ex Ralfs 1848</p><p>* Staurastrum bifidum Brébisson ex Ralfs</p><p>Coesel &amp; Meesters 2013, p. 72, pl. 39, figs 1, 2.</p><p>Fig. 8d</p><p>Comments: Occurs in the benthos and tychoplankton of slightly acidic, oligo-mesotrophic bodies of water according to Coesel &amp; Meesters (2013).</p><p>Distribution: A new record for Kalimantan. Cosmopolitan and considered especially widespread throughout the Indo-Malaysian/North Australian desmid bioregion by Coesel &amp; Meesters (2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFECFFA9FF3EFEF1FBDE029F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFECFFA8FF3EFD65FCCC0183.text	03AE9874FFECFFA8FF3EFD65FCCC0183.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Staurastrum cyrtocerum Brebisson	<div><p>Staurastrum cf. cyrtocerum Brébisson</p><p>Coesel &amp; Meesters 2013, p. 88, pl. 78, figs 1, 2.</p><p>Fig. 8e</p><p>Comments: We have tentatively assigned these forms as Staurastrum cf. cyrtocerum Brébisson on the basis of the similar cell morphology: tri- and quadri-radiate, along with the processes being characteristically convergent and slightly inflexed. Occurs in slightly acidic to slighlty alkaline, mesotrophic waterbodies (Coesel &amp; Meesters, 2013).</p><p>Distribution: Coesel &amp; Meesters (2013) considered it distribution as potentially cosmopolitan but not well understood due to its confusion with other, morphologically-similar species.</p><p>* Staurastrum distentum Wolle</p><p>Ling &amp; Tyler 2001, p. 221, pl. 135, figs 5 &amp; 6.</p><p>Fig. 8f</p><p>Comments: The processes are much shorter and the ornamentation is considerably diminished in some of our specimens.</p><p>Distribution: A new record for Kalimantan. Previously reported from Sumatra by Scott &amp; Prescott (1961). Mostly (sub)tropical in distribution: North America, South America (Brazil), Africa, China, Japan, Australia (Northern Territory).</p><p>* Staurastrum podlachicum Eichler &amp; Gutwiński</p><p>Coesel &amp; Meesters 2013, p. 134, pl. 65, figs 9–12.</p><p>Fig. 8g</p><p>Comments: Coesel &amp; Meesters (2013) noted that this species may be a nascent stage of Staurastrum forficulatum P. Lundell. Similarly, Ling &amp; Tyler (2001) included morphologically comparable forms as Staurastrum ehrengergianum (Nägeli) Archer, and stated that their material with the undeveloped processes were identifiable with the “ Staurastrum oligacanthum var. podlachicum (Eichler &amp; Gutwiński) West &amp; G.S.West morpha” described in Croasdale et al. (1994). Found in acidic, oligotrophic waters (Coesel &amp; Meesters 2013).</p><p>Distribution: North America, Europe and New Zealand. Australia is included when considering the reduced forms of S. ehrengergianum reported by Ling &amp; Tyler (2001). A new record for Kalimantan and Indonesia.</p><p>* Staurastrum retusum W.B.Turner</p><p>Coesel &amp; Meesters 2013, p. 142, pl. 33, figs 4–11.</p><p>Fig. 8h</p><p>Comments: Found in acidic, oligo-mesotrophic water bodies (Coesel &amp; Meesters, 2013). Only one specimen was found during our study indicating its rarety in nature. Consequently detailed observation could not be made, especially at the apical view. However, the specimen closedly resembled those of S. retusum reported in Coesel &amp; Meesters (2013). More sampling effort for this species is required to determine it distinction to other morphologically similar species (e.g., species of Cosmarium).</p><p>Distribution: A new record for Kalimantan. Regarded by Coesel &amp; Meesters (2013) as very common in the INMAR desmid bioregion and practically rare elsewhere.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFECFFA8FF3EFD65FCCC0183	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFEDFFA8FF3EFE61FC93040B.text	03AE9874FFEDFFA8FF3EFE61FC93040B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Staurodesmus Teiling 1948	<div><p>Staurodesmus Teiling, 1948</p><p>* Staurodesmus convergens (Ehrenberg ex Ralfs) S.Lillieroth</p><p>Coesel &amp; Meesters 2013, p. 20, pl. 1, figs 1–11.</p><p>Fig. 8i</p><p>Comments: Coesel &amp; Meesters (2013) stated that this species is found in the benthos or plankton of acidic, oligo-mesotrophic waters.</p><p>Distribution: A new record for Kalimantan. Cosmopolitan.</p><p>* Staurodesmus patens (Nordstedt) Croasdale</p><p>Coesel &amp; Meesters 2013, p. 32, pl. 18, figs 1–8.</p><p>Fig. 8j</p><p>Comments: Occurs in the (tycho)plankton of acidic, oligo-mesotrophic bodies of water (Coesel &amp; Meesters 2013). Distribution: A new record for Kalimantan. Cosmopolitan</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFEDFFA8FF3EFE61FC93040B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
03AE9874FFEDFFA8FF3EFB98FDC405DB.text	03AE9874FFEDFFA8FF3EFB98FDC405DB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tetmemorus Ralfs ex Ralfs 1848	<div><p>Tetmemorus Ralfs ex Ralfs, 1848</p><p>Tetmemorus cf. granulatus Brébisson ex Ralfs</p><p>Croasdale &amp; Flint 1986, p. 81, pl. 17, figs 1, 2.</p><p>Fig. 8k</p><p>Comments: Certain identification between this species and Tetmemorus laevis var. tropicus Krieger relies on observations of the differently shaped zygospores, particularly with collections from tropical regions where the latter species was originally described from (see Croasdale and Flint (1986)). Furthermore, Tetmemorus laevis var. tropicus Willi Krieger is currently regarded as a synonym of Tetmemorus granulatus Brébisson ex Ralfs.</p><p>Distribution: Cosmopolitan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE9874FFEDFFA8FF3EFB98FDC405DB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Adam, Chaidir;Kenins, Alex;Prabowo, Danang A.	Adam, Chaidir, Kenins, Alex, Prabowo, Danang A. (2025): Diversity and new records of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Charophyta) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 691 (2): 125-150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.691.2.2
