identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
043A056FFFB6FF94FCAF4012FD4BD559.text	043A056FFFB6FF94FCAF4012FD4BD559.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Colocasia esculenta	<div><p>Colocasia esculenta</p><p>Folio 88 bears a specimen of a single leaf that we identify as Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott ( Araceae). It is accompanied by the text: ‘Keladi. Ambon. Lotus Aegyptia Alpini.’ (Fig. 1), indicating it came from the Moluccas. This aroid species with edible corms, currently widely cultivated in the tropics, is not included in Hermann’s collections in London, Erfurt or Paris (Lourteig 1966, Rauschert 1970), and is not mentioned in the Museum Zeylanicum (Sherard 1717, Gunawardena 1975). Rumphius, however, described 10 forms of ‘Kelady’ or ‘Egyptian Arum’ in his Herbarium Amboinense (1747: 313), among which is the sterile, domesticated tuber crop Caladium sativum (now Colocasia esculenta). The original illustration of C. esculenta in Rumphius’ manuscript BPL 314 is shown in Fig. 2.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/043A056FFFB6FF94FCAF4012FD4BD559	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Andel, T. R. van;Mazumdar, J.;Barth, E. N. T.;Veldkamp, J. F.	Andel, T. R. van, Mazumdar, J., Barth, E. N. T., Veldkamp, J. F. (2018): Possible Rumphius specimens detected in Paul Hermann’s Ceylon herbarium (1672 - 1679) in Leiden, The Netherlands. Blumea 63 (1): 11-19, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.02
043A056FFFB5FF94FFF54751FD83D7D9.text	043A056FFFB5FF94FFF54751FD83D7D9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gomphrena globosa	<div><p>Gomphrena globosa</p><p>Folio 90 bears a flowering specimen that we identify as the common garden ornamental Gomphrena globosa L. ( Amaranthaceae). Hermann’s annotation mentions: ‘Amarantho adfinis Breyni. Cent. 1. Flos globularius Rumph.’(Fig. 3). Hermann did not report any local name of this plant either with the specimens or in his notes (Sherard 1717). Four specimens of G. globosa are preserved in BM, and one in the Paris collection (Lourteig 1966: 32), but none of them bears a reference to Rumphius. The species is not represented in the Erfurt collections (Rauschert 1970). Rumphius (1747: 289) described it as ‘flos globosus’ and ‘flos globularius’, with the local Malay-Dutch name ‘Bonga knop’, a garden ornamental introduced from Java, of which the flowers are strung into garlands during weddings and other festivities and the leaves are consumed as a vegetable. Rumphius also mentioned Breyne’s description of the species, as did Hermann. The small illustration of the plant in the published version of Herbarium Amboinense (1747: 289; Fig. 4) is a fragment of the much larger illustration that is stuck between p. 320 and p. 321 in the handwritten manuscript (BPL 314, 1692) in the Leiden University Library (Fig. 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/043A056FFFB5FF94FFF54751FD83D7D9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Andel, T. R. van;Mazumdar, J.;Barth, E. N. T.;Veldkamp, J. F.	Andel, T. R. van, Mazumdar, J., Barth, E. N. T., Veldkamp, J. F. (2018): Possible Rumphius specimens detected in Paul Hermann’s Ceylon herbarium (1672 - 1679) in Leiden, The Netherlands. Blumea 63 (1): 11-19, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.02
043A056FFFB5FF94FFF545D0FB67D73D.text	043A056FFFB5FF94FFF545D0FB67D73D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Helminthostachys zeylanica	<div><p>Helminthostachys zeylanica</p><p>Folio 92 bears a specimen of the fern Helminthostachys zeylanica (L.) Hook. ( Ophioglossaceae) annotated by Hermann as ‘Ophioglossum laciniatum Rumph.’ (Fig. 6). This fern occurs in South-East Asia and Australia (Bharali et al. 2017). Linnaeus’ description in the Flora Zeylanica (Linnaeus 1747: 178) is partly based on Hermann’s notes in the Museum Zeylanicum (Sherard 1717: 6), which only mention the Sinhalese names ‘Paba’ and ‘Paniba’ and the use of this fern to make fences, but do not cite Rumphius. No specimens of this fern are present in the Hermann collections in London or Erfurt. In the catalogue of the Paris collections, two specimens of ‘Ophioglossum’ are present (on page 136 and 148), identified by Lourteig (1966: 31) as O. circinnatum Burm.f. (now Lygodium circinatum (Burm.f.) Sw.) and O. flexuosum L. (now Lygodium flexuosum (L.) Sw.). Both specimens bear a reference to Rumphius’ published work, probably noted by Burman. Gunawardena (1975) interpreted Hermann’s species as Lygodium sp. ( Schizaeaceae), possibly based on Burman’s Thesaurus Zeylanicus (1737) . Rumphius (1750: 153) described the plant as the ‘incised snake tongue’ and mentioned that the young shoots are cooked and eaten as asparagus. An illustration of this species was published in the Herbarium Amboinense (Fig. 7).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/043A056FFFB5FF94FFF545D0FB67D73D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Andel, T. R. van;Mazumdar, J.;Barth, E. N. T.;Veldkamp, J. F.	Andel, T. R. van, Mazumdar, J., Barth, E. N. T., Veldkamp, J. F. (2018): Possible Rumphius specimens detected in Paul Hermann’s Ceylon herbarium (1672 - 1679) in Leiden, The Netherlands. Blumea 63 (1): 11-19, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.02
043A056FFFB5FF92FCAF45F4FB90D7EC.text	043A056FFFB5FF92FCAF45F4FB90D7EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Biophytum sensitivum (Rumphius 1685)	<div><p>Biophytum sensitivum</p><p>Folio 94 bears a specimen of Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC. ( Oxalidaceae), annotated by Hermann as ‘ Herba sentiens Rumph. Nintikumba Zeylan. ’ (Fig. 8). This is a widespread species in Southeast Asia, but not known from Sri Lanka (Veldkamp 1989). At BM, there are five specimens identified by Trimen (1887) as B. sensitivum (three specimens in Vol. 1, folio 28 and two specimens in Vol. 3, folio 54). These have, however, much longer peduncles and clearly pedicellate flowers (Fig. 9), while the L specimen has relatively shorter peduncles and subsessile flowers (Fig. 8). The illustrations in both the manuscript (Fig. 10) and the printed version of Herbarium Amboinense (Fig. 11) depict the same taxon as the Leiden specimen, B. sensitivum . All BM specimens represent the Sri Lankan endemic B. hermanni Veldk., with the specimen depicted in Fig. 9 being the type (Veldkamp 1989), though Dassanayake in the Revised Flora of Ceylon (1999: 181), considered it to be B. reinwardtii (Zucc.) Klotzsch. Rumphius provided an extensive description of ‘ Herba sentiens’ in 1685 and dedicated three pages on it in Herbarium Amboinense (1747: 301). He considered this plant a masterpiece of nature, as it leaves close at the slightest touch. Because of its characteristic behaviour, the plant was used in the Moluccas as a love charm, but in his long list of vernacular names, Rumphius did not mention the Sinhalese ‘Nintikumba’ or anything similar. Annotations on the BM collections refer to Herba viva (Acosta 1578) and Herba sentiens (Bontius 1658: 120), but not to Rumphius or a Sinhalese name. Apparently, when Hermann made these collections, he had not yet received the ‘Rumphius’ specimen of Biophytum sensitivum or read Rumphius’ publication on the plant (1685). The Erfurt collection has one specimen identified by Rauschert (1970) as B. sensitivum, with the annotation ‘Nintikumbu’. We requested a digital image and identified this specimen as B. hermanni . The Paris collection has a specimen (page 63) identified by Lourteig (1966: 28) as B. sensitivum, without a reference to Rumphius or a Sinhalese name, which was considered by Veldkamp (1989) as an isotype of B. hermanni . Museum Zeylanicum (Sherard 1717: 35, 37) lists the Sinhalese names Nidikudda or Ni(n) dikumba, explaining that it is derived from ‘nidi’ (sleeping) and ‘cumba’ (sleep), and indicates the pages in the British Hermann collections (on folios 28 and 54), but not the Leiden one. The name Gasnidikumba is mentioned under B. reinwardtii (now considered to be B. hermanni) in Sri Lanka (Dassanayake 1999: 192).</p><p>With a different spelling, the vernacular name ‘Nidikoempaij’ is mentioned for a drawing made by an unknown artist in Sri Lanka around 1700 (Fig. 12a, b), found in an unpublished codex of 262 watercolour drawings of medicinal plants from there (Icones Plantarum Malabaricarum, adscriptis nominibus et viribus. Vol. I. &amp; II (BPL_126 D), in the Special Collections of the Leiden University Library (Beumer 2013). This plant, with obvious long pedicels, was recently identified following the Flora of Ceylon as B. reinwardtii (Scholman 2017), but should be renamed B. hermanni .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/043A056FFFB5FF92FCAF45F4FB90D7EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Andel, T. R. van;Mazumdar, J.;Barth, E. N. T.;Veldkamp, J. F.	Andel, T. R. van, Mazumdar, J., Barth, E. N. T., Veldkamp, J. F. (2018): Possible Rumphius specimens detected in Paul Hermann’s Ceylon herbarium (1672 - 1679) in Leiden, The Netherlands. Blumea 63 (1): 11-19, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.02, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.02
