taxonID	type	description	language	source
09B8EA72234558B798D4488B1F2C0800.taxon	description	Figures 4, 5	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
09B8EA72234558B798D4488B1F2C0800.taxon	description	Description. Adult male (Holotype). General color golden brown to brown (in alcohol). Antennae, palps, and legs, golden brown. Head and thorax mostly brown, with white and brown bristles. Forewings with forks I and V present; discoidal cell apically large (Fig. 4 A, B); cross vein s almost straight, cross vein r-m narrower than m-cu and slightly posterior than that, almost aligned in some individuals (Fig. 4 C). Hind wings broad, with forks I, III, and V present; fork I petiolate (Fig. 4 D). Length of forewing of holotype 15.69 mm, length of hind wing of holotype 11.00 mm. Tibial spur formula 2, 2, 4. — Genitalia: Segment IX annular, in lateral view, narrow with anterior margin almost straight, posterior margin slightly concave medially and enlarged dorsally (Fig. 5 A); tergum IX, in dorsal view, with posterior margin subtriangular, mesally protruded over the tergum X, dorsal process present and very short (Fig. 5 B). Preanal appendages digitate, thin, long, setose, more than half of the tergum X (Fig. 5 B). Tergum X, in lateral view, wide basally, almost straight with basal half less sclerotized than apical half, dorsal margin with a small elevation in the mid-length, apex rounded, and slightly upturned (Fig. 5 A); in dorsal view, slightly wide basally with apex subtriangular and protrude mesally with a deep apicomesal incision, reaching half the length of the tergum, with a ridge parallel to the lateral margin bearing very short, stout setae (Fig. 5 B). Inferior appendages long, surpassing tergum X, bearing very long setae; 1 st article, in lateral view, enlarged at base, constricted medially, with apical portion narrow and rounded (Fig. 5 A); apicodorsal lobes digitate, long, extending beyond second article, with very long setae (Fig. 5 C); basoventral lobes digitate, longer than mesal lobes, rounded at apex and setose (Fig. 5 C); in ventral view, mesal lobes long, in some specimens almost the same length as the phallic apparatus, narrowing towards the apex, rounded and rough, in some individuals giving a club-like appearance, and coloration with a gradient from brown to darker towards the apex (Fig. 5 C); 2 nd article long, slender, wide at base, gradually curved inward with acute pointed apex (Fig. 5 A, C). Phallic apparatus simple, tubular, with a mesal apical incision, bearing a small mesal projection (Fig. 5 D), with phallotremal sclerite small, rod-like, apically positioned (Fig. 5 D, E). — Adult female, larva, and pupa unknown.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
09B8EA72234558B798D4488B1F2C0800.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet ‘ bandeira ’ refers to Bandeira Peak, the third highest mountain in Brazil, and it is situated in Serra do Caparaó, on the border between states of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo Minas Gerais, where the new species was collected.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
09B8EA72234558B798D4488B1F2C0800.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais States).	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
48DD2A06072D5C1CA82F63B10DCC5A8F.taxon	description	Figures 6, 7, 8, 9	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
48DD2A06072D5C1CA82F63B10DCC5A8F.taxon	description	Description. Adult male. General color golden brown (in alcohol). Antennae, palps, and legs, golden brown. Head and thorax are mostly brown. Forewings with forks I and V present (Fig. 6 A); discoidal cell apically widened; cross vein s sinuous; cross vein r-m slightly shorter than m-cu (Fig. 6 C). Hind wings broad, with forks I, III, and V present (Fig. 6 B); fork I with petiole (Fig. 6 D). Length of forewing 18 – 22 mm, length of hind wing 15 – 18 mm (n = 9). Tibial spur formula 2, 2, 4. — Genitalia: Segment IX annular, in lateral view, narrow, with anterior margin almost straight and enlarged dorsally, posterior margin slightly concave medially (Fig. 7 A); in dorsal view, tergum IX with posterior margin subtriangular, slightly protruding mesally, some individuals have a small, rounded median process that is absent in the holotype (Fig. 7 A). Preanal appendages digitate, half the length of tergum X, setose, slightly constricted basally, narrowing to the apex, in lateral view oblong. (Fig. 7 B). Tergum X, in lateral view, wide basally, saddle-like, with a membranous median region, slightly elevated, tapering apically to a rounded apex (Fig. 7 A); in dorsal view, wide basally, bearing very short stout setae, apex slightly widened and subtruncate, with apicomesal incision extending to half length of the segment (Fig. 7 B). Inferior appendages, long, extending beyond tergum X, bearing very long setae (Fig. 7 A); 1 st article, in lateral view, wide at base, constricted medially, with subapical portion slightly widened, and narrowing towards the apex (Fig. 7 A); apicodorsal lobe digitate, elongate, extending beyond 2 nd article, with very long setae (Fig. 7 A, C); basoventral lobes digitate, elongate, narrower in the apex, extending beyond 2 nd article, bearing very long setae (Fig. 7 A, C); in ventral view, mesal lobe shorter than basoventral lobe, subquadrate, wide at base with apex obliquely truncate, internally acute and externally rounded (Fig. 7 C); 2 nd article short, slender, gradually curved mesad to acute apex (Fig. 7 A, C). Phallic apparatus simple, tubular, with a mesal apical incision (Fig. 7 D) with phallotremal sclerite small, rod-like, apically positioned (Fig. 7 D, E). — Adult female. General color golden brown (in alcohol). Antennae, palps, and legs, golden brown. Length of forewing 18 – 20 mm, length of hind wing 14 – 16 mm (n = 3). Tibial spur formula 2, 2, 4. — Genitalia: Sternum VIII, in ventral view, with a sclerotized plate, brown; sternum with anterior margin concave, posterior margin with a shallow V-shaped incision mesally (Fig. 8 A). Segment IX sclerotized dorsally, posterior margin subtruncate, with pair of small dorsal processes, fused (Fig. 8 B). Preanal appendages small and setose; in lateral view, short, broad at base, subtriangular, truncate, slightly concave apically, where a minute sensilla-bearing process is fused each preanal appendage (Fig. 8 B). Lamellae well-developed, sclerotized, flap-like, quadrangular in lateral view (Fig. 8 A, B). Gonopod plate subtriangular with apicomesal process striate; spermathecal sclerite elongate, broad, and sclerotized, in ventral view (Fig. 8 A). — Larva. Total length 12 – 18 mm (n = 4) (Fig. 9 A). — Head: Coloration (in alcohol) dark brown, with yellow oval areas around stemmata. Muscle scars reddish brown (Fig. 9 B). Head subrectangular, enlarged posteriorly (Fig. 9 B). Labrum reddish brown, subrectangular with a brush of setae on anterior margin. Mandibles asymmetrical, dark, typical for Triplectides (left mandible with 6 teeth around a concavity and right mandible with 5 teeth). Submentum oval. Ventral apotome subtriangular, elongate, with anterior portion wide with a constriction at mid-length and posterior portion narrowing to an acute tip (Fig. 9 B). — Thorax: Pronotum dark brown; anterior margin crenulate: crenulations rounded except for the anterolateral corners slightly pointed (Fig. 9 C, D). Mesonotum brown to dark brown almost completely covered by a pair of sclerites: sa 1 each with 1 long single seta; sa 2 each with 3 setae, anteromesal and anterolateral long and one short posterior setae; sa 3 each with 5 setae, a very long on the corner and other 4 shorter). Metanotum covered by 3 pairs of sclerites, sa 1 quadrate, bearing each a long single seta, sa 2 weakly sclerotized, subquadrate, each with single seta, sa 3 sclerites oval, same length or slightly longer than sa 1 sclerites, each with 4 setae (2 very long, 1 short, and 1 very short). Prosternum subrectangular. Mesosternum with pair of sclerites subtriangular and curved laterally. Metasternum with setal areas bearing 15 – 25 setae (Fig. 9 E). Foretrochantin with dorsal margin curved, anteroventral corner rounded and anterodorsal corner pointed and upturned (Fig. 9 C). Legs dark brown to reddish brown with lighter stripes, and setose (Fig. 9 G). — Abdomen: Gills simple, present on segments II – VIII, segments II – VII with dorsal, lateral, and ventral filaments; segment VIII with ventral filaments (Fig. 9 H). Segments III – VIII with lateral fringes. Segments II – VII without dorsal setae. Segment VIII with a pair of setae laterally, and a pair of very long setae on posterodorsal margin. Segment IX dorsal sclerite with 6 very long setae on its posterior margin, 2 lateral and 1 mesal, and 2 pairs of very short setae behind those pairs (Fig. 9 F); anal claw single and pointed with a small dorsal accessory hook (Fig. 9 F). — Larval case: Length up to 14 mm (n = 4). A simple hollow stick or composed by hollow wood stick with attached leaves and smaller sticks with silk near the opening (Fig. 9 I). — Pupa unknown.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
48DD2A06072D5C1CA82F63B10DCC5A8F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet caparaoensis refers to Serra do Caparaó Mountain range, where specimens of this new species were collected.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
48DD2A06072D5C1CA82F63B10DCC5A8F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Espiríto Santo and Minas Gerais States).	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
B0DD802AAE7D54BF93E855022E42C01C.taxon	description	Figures 10, 11	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
B0DD802AAE7D54BF93E855022E42C01C.taxon	description	Description. Adult male. General color golden brown (in alcohol). Antennae, palps, and legs, golden brown. Head and thorax mostly golden brown. Forewings with forks I and V present (Fig. 10 A); discoidal cell long and apically widened; tyridial cell almost twice the length of discoidal cell (Fig. 10 A); cross vein s straight and short, r-m and m-cu almost the same width and aligned (Fig. 10 C). Hind wings broad, with forks I, III, and V present (Fig. 10 B); fork I with a distinct petiole (Fig. 10 D). Length of forewing 13 – 15 mm, length of hind wing 9.5 – 11.5 mm (n = 6). Tibial spur formula 2, 2, 4. — Genitalia: Segment IX annular, in lateral view, narrow with anterior margin almost straight, posterior margin slightly convex medially and enlarged dorsally, produced over tergum X (Fig. 11 A); tergum IX, in dorsal view, with posterior margin triangular, mesally protruded over the tergum X (Fig. 11 B); some individuals have a median process with a very small incision apically, that is absent in the holotype. Preanal appendages digitate, thin, slightly longer than half the length of tergum X, bearing very long setae (Fig. 11 A). Tergum X, in lateral view, with anterior area elevated with basal half less sclerotized than apical half, apex rounded and slightly upturned (Fig. 11 A); in dorsal view, almost straight, with apex subtriangular and rounded, V-shaped apicomesal incision longer than half the length of the tergum X (Fig. 11 A, B). Inferior appendages, long, extending beyond tergum X, bearing very long setae; 1 st article, in lateral view, wide at base, constricted medially, with apical portion narrow and rounded apically (Fig. 11 A); apicodorsal lobe digitate, long, extending beyond second article, with very long setae (Fig. 11 A); basoventral lobes digitate, rounded and bearing long setae (Fig. 11 A); in ventral view, mesal lobes extending beyond insertion of the 2 nd article, broad at the base, sinuate with rounded and blunt apex, mesal lobe coloration with a brown to dark brown gradient towards apex, and in some individuals the apex may have a slightly rough texture (Fig. 11 C); 2 nd article elongate, slender, wider at base, gradually curved mesad, and acute apically (Fig. 11 C). Phallic apparatus simple, tubular, with a mesal apical U-shaped incision, in ventral view (Fig. 11 D), with phallotremal sclerite small, rod-like, apically positioned (Fig. 11 D, E). — Adult female, larva, and pupa unknown.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
B0DD802AAE7D54BF93E855022E42C01C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet ‘ cerradoensis ’ refers to the Cerrado biome, the second largest vegetational biome in Brazil. The Cerrado, also known as ‘ Brazilian savannah, ’ extends over 1.5 million km 2 in the central Brazil and covers 11 states and the Federal District.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
B0DD802AAE7D54BF93E855022E42C01C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Minas Gerais and São Paulo States).	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
A2E5764DCB2050F596EF2D59842F615D.taxon	description	Figure 26	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
A2E5764DCB2050F596EF2D59842F615D.taxon	description	Description. Adult. For a full description of male and female adults of T. cipo see Henriques-Oliveira and Dumas (2015). — Larva. Length up to 15.5 mm (n = 1) (Fig. 26 A). — Head: Coloration (in alcohol) golden to reddish brown with pale brown oval area around stemmata; almost rectangular (Fig. 26 A). Muscle scars pale brown. (Fig. 26 B). Labrum reddish brown, subtrapezoidal with 8 setae (mesal pair shorter than others). Mandibles, asymmetrical, dark, typical for Triplectides. Submentum oval. Ventral apotome subtriangular, wide anteriorly and narrower posteriorly, slightly constricted at mid-length, rounded apically (Fig. 26 B). — Thorax: Pronotum reddish brown with muscle scars pale brown; anterior margin almost smooth, lateral margin smooth and rounded, posterior margin dark (Fig. 26 C, D). Mesonotum with same colors of pronotum, almost covered by a pair of large sclerites: sa 1 each with a single long seta; sa 2 each with 3 setae: (one long mesal and 2 short), sa 3 each with 5 setae (1 long and 4 short); metanotum covered by 5 sclerites: sa 1 quadrate, bearing a single seta, sa 2 seems fused, forming a single sclerite, weakly sclerotized, with a pair of long setae, sa 3 sclerites elongate, oval, each bearing 3 setae of about the same size (Fig. 26 D). Prosternum trapezoidal. Mesosternum with a pair of subtriangular sclerites curved laterally (Fig. 26 E). Metasternum with a dark, sclerotized setal area, bearing about 10 setae (Fig. 26 E). Foretrochantin with distal portion of the anterior margin very curved, pointed, and upturned, with posterior margin almost straight and truncate (Fig. 26 C). Legs pale brown and setose (Fig. 26 G). — Abdomen: Gills simple, present on segments II – VIII; segments II – VIII with dorsal, lateral, and ventral filaments (Fig. 26 H). Segment I with a pair of anteromesal setae; segments III – VIII with lateral fringes. Segment IX dorsal sclerite with 6 long setae on its posterior margin, and 2 pairs of very short setae behind those, 1 anterolateral seta on each side of the sclerite (Fig. 26 E). Anal claw single, large and acute, with a very small dorsal accessory hook (Fig. 26 E). — Larval case: Length up to 25 mm. A simple hollow twig or small sticks (Fig. 26 I). — P upa unknown.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
A2E5764DCB2050F596EF2D59842F615D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Minas Gerais State).	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
624CBC732FD05E529E8E0B1EE22E043A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Minas Gerais, Maranhão, Mato Grosso do Sul States).	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
F3210391BA7F5E859EA45AEE4ED6462C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas), Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
75E4FE094BAE58A48580A6A1F323BE12.taxon	description	Figures 2, 3	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
75E4FE094BAE58A48580A6A1F323BE12.taxon	description	Description. Adult. For a full description of adult of T. gracilis see Holzenthal (1988). Photographs of adult wings are provided in Figure 2. — Larva. Total length 10 – 17 mm (n = 5) (Fig. 3 A). — Head: Coloration (in alcohol) reddish brown to dark brown, with many pale spots on the front and posterior portions, and a pale oval area around the stemmata (Fig. 3 B). Head almost sub-rectangular, slightly enlarged posteriorly, in dorsal view (Fig. 3 B). Labrum pale brown, in dorsal view, subtrapezoidal with anterolateral corner rounded, three pairs of labral setae in the middle length with brush of short, secondary setae on its anteroventral margin. Mandible dark, asymmetrical, typical for Triplectides (left mandible with 6 teeth around a concavity and right mandible with 5 teeth). Submentum oval. Ventral apotome subtriangular, slender, and narrow (Fig. 3 B), slightly wide anteriorly with a small constrict in mid-length, narrowing posteriorly to an acute pointed tip (Fig. 3 B). — Thorax: Pro- and mesonotum reddish brown with pale muscle scars and spots (Fig. 3 D). Pronotum with anterior and lateral margins crenulate; slightly protruded on the corners, posterior margin rounded (Fig. 3 C). Mesonotum covered by a pair of large sclerites: sa 1 each with long single seta; sa 2 each with 3 setae: (one mesal longer than the others); sa 3 each with 6 setae (2 long setae on the corner, and other 4 short). Metanotum covered by 3 pairs of thin and pale brown sclerites: sa 1 subquadrate, bearing a long seta each, sa 2 subquadrate with a very long seta each, sa 3 elongate, oval, bearing 3 setae each (Fig. 3 D). Prosternum narrow with a dark subtriangular sclerite. Mesosternum with pair of subtriangular sclerites, curved laterally; anterior margin dark brown (Fig. 3 E). Metasternum with setal area bearing 8 – 10 setae (Fig. 3 E). Foretrochantin with anterodorsal margin straight, with corner pointed and upturned and anteroventral corner rounded (Fig. 3 C). Legs yellowish brown with dark brown stripes, setose (Fig. 3 G). — Abdomen: Gills simple, present on segments II – VIII, segments II – VI with dorsal, lateral, and ventral filaments; segment VII with lateral and ventral filaments; segment VIII with ventral filaments (Fig. 3 H). Segments III – VIII with lateral fringes. Segment I with two pairs of long setae at the base of dorsal hump. Segment VIII with a pair of posteromesal setae. Segment IX dorsal sclerite with 6 very long setae on posterior margin and 2 pairs of very short, lateral setae, one anterolateral short seta at each side of the sclerite (Fig. 3 F). Anal claws single, large, and pointed, with a small dorsal accessory hook (Fig. 3 F). — Larval case: Length up to 16 mm. Simple hollow stick (Fig. 3 I).	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
75E4FE094BAE58A48580A6A1F323BE12.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
DCF511FCCFAC5F5789A8A4D157B23E55.taxon	description	Figures 12, 13, 14, 15	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
DCF511FCCFAC5F5789A8A4D157B23E55.taxon	description	Description. Adult male. General color brown (in alcohol). Antennae, palps, and legs, golden brown. Head and thorax mostly brown. Forewings with forks I and V present; discoidal cell apically widened (Fig. 12 A); cross vein s inflected medially, cross vein r-m and m-cu short and aligned (Fig. 12 C). Hind wings broad, with forks I, III, and V present (Fig. 12 B); fork I with a short petiole (Fig. 12 D). Length of forewing 13.5 – 14.5 mm, length of hind wing 9.5 – 10.5 mm (n = 20). Tibial spur formula 2, 2, 4. — Genitalia: Segment IX annular, in lateral view, narrow with anterior margin almost straight and enlarged dorsally, posterior margin slightly concave medially (Fig. 13 A); tergum IX with posterior margin almost rounded with external margin protruded, median process short and bifid (Fig. 13 A, B). Preanal appendages digitate, slightly oblong, approximately half the length of tergum X, bearing very long setae (Fig. 13 A). Tergum X, in lateral view, wide at base, basal half less sclerotized than apical half, tapering apically, with apex rounded and slightly upturned (Fig. 13 A); in dorsal view, slightly wide at base with apex truncate and rounded, V-shaped apicomesal incision extending anteriorly less than half the length of the segment, with lateral line of very short and stout setae near the lateral margin (Fig. 13 B). Inferior appendages, long, extending beyond tergum X, bearing very long setae; 1 st article, in lateral view, wide at base, constricted medially, with apical portion narrow and rounded apically (Fig. 13 A); apicodorsal lobe digitate, long, extending beyond 2 nd article, with very long setae (Fig. 13 A); basoventral lobes digitate, rounded and bearing long setae (Fig. 13 A, C); in ventral view, mesal lobes long, almost as long as basoventral lobes, sinuate, rounded apically, with a tooth-like projection basally on lateral margin (Fig. 13 C); 2 nd article long, slender, wide at base, gradually curved mesad to an acute apex (Fig. 13 C). Phallic apparatus simple, tubular, with a mesal apical, U-shaped incision, with a small mesal projection (Fig. 13 D), with phallotremal sclerite small, rod-like, apically positioned (Fig. 13 D, E). — Adult female. General color brown (in alcohol). Antennae, palps, and legs, golden brown. Head and thorax are mostly brown. Length of forewing 13 – 14.5 mm, length of hind wing 9.5 – 10.5 mm (n = 10). Tibial spur formula 2, 2, 4. — Genitalia: Sternum VIII, in ventral view, with a large sclerotized plate, brown; anterior margin straight, posterior margin with short mesal incision (Fig. 14 A). Segment IX sclerotized dorsally, posterior margin subtruncate, and slightly rounded. Preanal appendages, digitate, slender, and setose, in lateral view (Fig. 14 B). Sensilla-bearing process minute can be present below the lamella. Lamellae subquadrate, flap-like, internally concave (Fig. 14 B). Gonopod plate large, membranous, with apicomesal process subquadrate and striate in ventral view. Spermathecal sclerite slingshot-shaped and short (Fig. 14 A). — Larva. Length up to 12 mm (n = 1) (Fig. 15 A). — Head: Coloration (in alcohol) dark brown, with pale oval area around stemmata. Muscle scars, in general, with the same color as the head, with the exception of the posterior portion with somewhat pale scars (Fig. 15 B). Head oval with labrum stramineous, sub rectangular with 3 long setae at half the length of the labrum. Mandibles asymmetrical, dark, typical for Triplectides, left mandible with 6 teeth around a concavity and right mandible with 5 teeth. Submentum oval. Ventral apotome subtriangular, elongate, with a constriction at mid-length and narrowing to an acute tip (Fig. 15 B). — Thorax: Pronotum dark brown; anterior margin with smooth crenulations, lateral portion slightly protruded with corners pointed (Fig. 15 C, D). Mesonotum brown almost completely covered by a pair of large sclerites: sa 1 each with single long seta; sa 2 each with 3 setae: (one mesal long, anterolateral and posterior short), sa 3 each with 6 setae (2 long and 4 short). Metanotum covered by 3 pairs of sclerites: sa 1 quadrate, bearing each a long single seta, sa 2 pale, weakly sclerotized, subquadrate, each with single seta, sa 3 sclerites elongate, oval, each with 3 setae (2 very long, 1 short) (Fig. 15 D). Prosternum rectangular. Mesosternum with a pair of sclerites subtriangular curved laterally. Metasternum with a setal area bearing 8 setae (Fig. 15 E). Foretrochantin with antero-dorsal margin curved, pointed, and upturned; anteroventral margin rounded (Fig. 15 C). Legs yellowish brown with brown striped region in the pro- and meso-coxa (Fig. 15 G). — Abdomen: Gills simple, present on segments II – VIII; segments II – VII with dorsal, lateral, and ventral filaments; segment VIII with dorsal and lateral filaments (Fig. 15 H). Segment I with a pair of long anteromesal setae; segments II – VII with a pair of posteromesal setae, without dorsal setae. Segment VIII with a pair of antero-lateral setae, and a pair of long posteromesal setae. Segment IX dorsal sclerite with 6 long setae on its posterior margin, and 2 pairs of very short setae behind those (Fig. 15 G). Anal claw single, large and pointed, with a small dorsal accessory hook (Fig. 15 F). — Larval case: Length up to 20 mm. A simple hollow wood or small sticks (Fig. 15 I). — Pupa unknown.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
DCF511FCCFAC5F5789A8A4D157B23E55.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet ‘ iguassu ’ refers to the Iguaçu National Park, where the holotype was collected. The name “ Iguaçu ” originates from the Guarani language, in which “ I ” or “ y ” means “ water ” and “ guassu ” means big, referring to the grandeur of the river and the Iguaçu Falls (Cataratas do Iguaçu), which have the highest water flow of any waterfall in the world.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
DCF511FCCFAC5F5789A8A4D157B23E55.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, and Santa Catarina States).	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
309022F5A3D85D598B395A0D5DDAAB76.taxon	description	Figures 16, 17, 18	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
309022F5A3D85D598B395A0D5DDAAB76.taxon	description	Description. Adult male. General color brown (in alcohol). Antennae, palps, and legs, golden brown. Head and thorax mostly golden brown with white setae. Forewings with forks I and V present (Fig. 16 A); fork I with a long petiole (Fig. 16 A); discoidal cell long and apically widened (Fig. 16 A); tyridial cell 1.5 x longer than discoidal cell, discoidal cell narrowing to the apex (Fig. 16 A); cross vein s almost straight, r-m and m-cu very short and almost aligned (Fig. 16 A). Hind wings broad, with forks I, III, and V present (Fig. 16 B); fork I sessile or with a short petiole (Fig. 16 D). Length of forewing 15 – 16 mm, length of hind wing 11 – 12 mm (n = 4). Tibial spur formula 2, 2, 4. — Genitalia: Segment IX annular, in lateral view, short with anterior margin almost straight, posterior margin slightly concave medially (Fig. 17 A); tergum IX, in dorsal view, with posterior margin trapezoidal, truncated, medially with internal process protruded (Fig. 17 B). Preanal appendages digitate, thin, as longer as half the length of tergum X, bearing very long setae (Fig. 17 B). Tergum X, in lateral view, tall in anterior area with basal half less sclerotized than apical half, tapering apically to a rounded apex, slightly upturned (Fig. 17 A); in dorsal view, almost straight, apex rounded, V-shaped apicomesal incision extending beyond half the length of the segment, bearing a longitudinal ridge sublaterally from the middle of the tergum to the apex (Fig. 17 A, B). Inferior appendages, long, extending beyond the tergum X, bearing very long setae (Fig. 17 A, C); 1 st article, in lateral view, wide at base, constricted medially, with apical portion narrow and rounded (Fig. 17 A); apicodorsal lobe digitate, long, extending beyond 2 nd article, with very long setae (Fig. 17 A); basoventral lobes digitate, rounded apically and bearing very long setae (Fig. 17 A); in ventral view, mesal lobes longer than insertion of 2 nd article, broad at the base, sinuate with rounded apex, obliquely directed (Fig. 17 C), color of the mesal lobe gradient from brown to dark brown towards the apex; 2 nd article slender, wide at base, gradually curved inwards to an acute apex (Fig. 17 C). Phallic apparatus simple, tubular, with a mesal apical U-shaped incision, with a mesal projection (Fig. 17 D), with phallotremal sclerite small, rod-like, apically positioned, in ventral view (Fig. 17 D), and oval in lateral view (Fig. 17 E). — Larva. Length up to 20 mm (n = 2) (Fig. 18 A). — Head: Coloration (in alcohol) brown to yellowish brown, with pale oval area around stemmata (Fig. 18 B). Head almost rectangular slightly enlarged in posterior region (Fig. 18 B). Many muscles scars pale to pale brown at front and at posterior portion of the head (Fig. 18 B). Labrum pale brown, subtrapezoidal with three pairs of long setae near the posterior margin. Mandible dark, asymmetrical, typical for Triplectides. Submentum elongate, oval. Ventral apotome subtriangular, anterior portion slightly wide with a slight constriction at mid-length, narrowing posteriorly to acute tip (Fig. 18 B). — Thorax: Pronotum and mesonotum brown (Fig. 18 D). Pronotum with pale muscle scars; anterior margin crenulate, lateral margin slightly produced and crenulate (Fig. 18 C, D). Mesonotum pale, almost covered by a pair of large sclerites: sa 1 each with long single seta; sa 2 each with 3 setae: (1 mesal and 1 lateromesal long seta, and 1 posterior short); sa 3 each with 5 – 6 setae (2 long setae and the others short). Metanotum covered by 3 pairs of sclerites: sa 1 pair, subquadrate, bearing each a long seta, sa 2 pair subquadrate, weakly sclerotized, with a pair of long setae, sa 3 sclerites elongate, oval, bearing each with 4 – 6 setae. Prosternum trapezoidal; mesostenum with a pair of subrectangular sclerites, curved laterally; metasternum with a setal area bearing around 15 setae (Fig. 18 E). Foretrochantin with anterodorsal corner pointed and upturned and anteroventral corner rounded (Fig. 18 C). Legs yellowish brown, and setose (Fig. 18 G). — Abdomen: Gills simple, present on segments II – VIII; segments II – VI with dorsal, lateral, and ventral filaments; segment VII with lateral and ventral filaments; segment VIII with ventral filaments (Fig. 18 H). Segments III – VIII with lateral fringes. Segment I with 2 pairs of long setae at the base of the dorsal hump. Segment VIII with a pair of posteromesal setae. Segment IX dorsal sclerite with 6 long setae on posterior margin and 2 pairs of very short, lateral setae behind those, and an anterolateral short seta at each side of the sclerite (Fig. 18 F). Anal claw single, large and pointed, with a very small dorsal accessory hook (Fig. 18 F). — Larval case: Length up to 25 mm. A hollow stick or empty cases of Marilia sp. (Odontoceridae) (Fig. 18 I). — Adult female and pupa unknown.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
309022F5A3D85D598B395A0D5DDAAB76.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet ‘ mantiqueira ’ refers to the Serra da Mantiqueira, a mountain range that stretches across three Brazilian states: São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro. ‘ Mantiqueira’ from the Tupi-guarani language, meaning “ rain drop ” – through the junction of the terms ‘ amana’ (rain) and ‘ tykyra’ (drop). The name gives an idea of the great importance of the mountain range as a source of drinking water, forming rivers that supply many cities of southeastern Brazil.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
309022F5A3D85D598B395A0D5DDAAB76.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo states).	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
9761A8F250A15D6994F62F65BDC186D4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Maranhão, Pará, Piauí States).	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
DB9284804555546BBC32C66E07805AC3.taxon	description	Figures 19, 20, 21	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
DB9284804555546BBC32C66E07805AC3.taxon	description	Description. Adult male. General color golden brown with spots of white setae (in alcohol). Antennae, palps, and legs, golden brown. Head and thorax mostly golden brown with dark setae. Forewings with forks I and V present in males; discoidal cell apically large (Fig. 19 A); cross vein s sinuate, cross vein r-m and m-cu almost the same width, or cross vein r-m narrow in some individuals, r-m slightly anterior to m-cu (Fig. 19 C). Hind wings broad, with forks I, III, and V present (Fig. 19 B); fork I with distinct petiole (Fig. 19 D). Length of forewing 13.5 ± 0.5 mm, length of hind wing 10 ± 0.5 mm (n = 4). Tibial spur formula 2, 2, 4. — Genitalia: Segment IX annular, in lateral view, narrow with anterior margin almost straight and enlarged dorsally, posterior margin slightly concave medially (Fig. 20 A); tergum IX, in dorsal view, subtrapezoidal with posterior margin rounded, protruded, and thickened; median process short and rounded (Fig. 20 B). Preanal appendages digitate, less than half length of tergum X, narrower at base and slightly narrower at apex, bearing long dark or golden setae; in lateral view slightly oblong (Fig. 20 A, B). Tergum X, in lateral view, wide at base, basal half less sclerotized than apical half, tapering apically, with apex rounded (Fig. 20 A); in dorsal view, almost straight, with apex narrow and rounded, V-shaped apicomesal incision short, extending to half length of the segment, bearing a dorsal line with stout setae near the external margin (Fig. 20 C). Inferior appendages, long, surpassing tergum X, bearing long setae; 1 st article, in lateral view, wide at base, constricted medially, with apical portion narrow and rounded; apicodorsal lobe digitate, long, extending beyond 2 nd article, with long setae; basoventral lobes digitate, rounded and bearing long setae (Fig. 20 A); in ventral view, mesal lobes long, almost the same length as basoventral lobes, sinuate, with apex narrow and rounded, with a small tooth-like projection (which may or may not bear setae) at base of outer margin (Fig. 20 C); 2 nd article slender, wide at base, gradually curved inward with acute pointed apex subapically (Fig. 20 C). Phallic apparatus simple, tubular, with phallotremal sclerite small, rod-like, apically positioned (Fig. 20 D, E). — Adult female. General color golden brown (in alcohol). Antennae, palps, and legs, golden brown. Length of forewing 14 mm, length of hind wing 11 mm (n = 1). Tibial spur formula 2, 2, 4. — Genitalia: Sternum VIII, in ventral view, with a sclerotized rectangular plate; anterior margin straight, posterior margin brown and slightly concave mesally (Fig. 21 A). Segment IX sclerotized dorsally, subtrapezoidal, posterior margin subtruncate, dorsal process small. Preanal appendages, in dorsal view, small, digitate, apically rounded, and setose; in lateral view, short, digitate, with distinct subquadrate and sclerotized lobe, bearing an undistinctive minute sensilla-bearing process below each lamella (Fig. 21 B). Lamellae well developed, sclerotized, flap-like (Fig. 21 A, B). Gonopod plate subtriangular and membranous, with apicomesal process short and striate. Spermathecal sclerites elongate, broad, and bell-shaped (Fig. 21 A, B). — Larva and pupa unknown.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
DB9284804555546BBC32C66E07805AC3.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a reference to the close similarity of the new species to Triplectides gracilis. Derived from the Greek ‘ para’ = beside or near.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
DB9284804555546BBC32C66E07805AC3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Rio de Janeiro State).	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
FFDC4A51284A508EA1986D46B020437A.taxon	description	Figures 22, 23, 24	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
FFDC4A51284A508EA1986D46B020437A.taxon	description	Description. Adult male. General color golden brown (in alcohol). Antennae, palps, and legs, golden brown. Wings brown to golden brown. Forewings with forks I and V present (Fig. 22 A); discoidal cell slightly enlarged apically, cross vein s almost straight, cross vein r-m short and positioned anteriorly to m-cu (Fig. 22 D) or both cross veins almost aligned (Fig. 22 C). Hind wings broad, with forks I, III, and V present (Fig. 22 B); fork I petiolate (Fig. 22 E). Length of forewing 11 – 12 mm, length of hind wing 8 – 10 mm (n = 4). Tibial spur formula 2, 2, 4. — Genitalia: Segment IX annular, in lateral view, narrow, enlarged dorsally with setose area (Fig. 23 A); in dorsal view, produced mesally and laterally, bearing setose area laterally; dorsal process absent (Fig. 23 B). Preanal appendages digitate, long, extending beyond half the length of tergum X, setose, in lateral view (Fig. 23 A). Tergum X, in lateral view, elevated at base with median area less sclerotized than apical area (Fig. 23 A); in dorsal view, wide at base, narrower at apex, apicomesal incision wide reaching less than half the length of the tergum X and forming an oval opening, apex rounded (Fig. 23 B). Inferior appendages, long, extending beyond tergum X, bearing very long setae (Fig. 23 A, C); 1 st article, in lateral view, wide at base, slightly constricted at middle-length, with apical portion narrow and apically rounded (Fig. 23 A); apicodorsal lobe digitate, long, extending beyond 2 nd article, with very long setae (Fig. 23 A, C); basoventral lobes digitate, long, extending beyond the insertion of 2 nd article, rounded and bearing long setae (Fig. 23 A, C); in ventral view, mesal lobe shorter than basoventral lobe, basal portion subrectangular, apicomesal corner produced in a digitate process, narrow and acute apically, lateral margin almost straight apically (Fig. 23 C); 2 nd article slightly widened at base, slender, curved inwards, narrowing to an acute apex (Fig. 23 C). Phallic apparatus simple, tubular, with phallotremal sclerite small, spine-like, positioned apically (Fig. 23 D, E). — Adult female. General color pale brown (in alcohol). Antennae, palps, and legs, pale brown. Length of forewing 11.0 mm, length of hind wing 9.0 mm (n = 1). Tibial spur formula 2, 2, 4. — Genitalia: Sternum VIII, in ventral view, with a subrectangular, sclerotized plate; anterior margin with a concave, and posterior margin straight (Fig. 24 A). Segment IX sclerotized dorsally, posterior margin subtruncate, and slightly rounded. Preanal appendages, in dorsal view, small, sub-oval, setose; in lateral view, subtriangular, roof-shape (Fig. 24 B), without sensilla-bearing processes (Fig. 24 A, B). Lamella oval, flap-like, and internally concave; in ventral view directed mesad (Fig. 24 B). Gonopod plate subtrapezoidal, slightly sclerotized, with apicomesal process short and slightly rugose. Spermathecal sclerite broad, bell-sharped in ventral view, and elongate in lateral view. (Fig. 24 A). — Larva. Length up to 12 mm (n = 3) (Fig. 25 A). — Head: Coloration (in alcohol) dark brown, almost homogeneous, with pale oval area around stemmata (Fig. 25 B), subrectangular, slightly flattened dorsally (Fig. 25 B). Muscle scars reddish brown. Labrum yellowish brown, sub-oval (Fig. 25 B). Mandible asymmetrical, dark, typical for Triplectides. Submentum rectangular. Ventral apotome short, subtriangular, anterior portion widened and posterior portion narrowed and truncate (resembling a champagne flute glass) (Fig. 25 B). — Thorax: Pronotum brown, with muscle scars pale; anterior margin crenulate, lateral margin slightly produced (Fig. 25 C, D). Mesonotum pale brown, almost covered by a pair of large sclerites: sa 1 each with a single seta; sa 2 each with 3 setae: (1 mesal and 1 lateral mesal long setae, and 1 posterior very short); sa 3 each with 13 – 17 setae. Metanotum weakly sclerotized, covered by 3 pair of sclerites: sa 1 pair subquadrate, bearing each a long seta, sa 2 pair subquadrate, with a pair of long setae, sa 3 sclerites elongate, oval, bearing each with 7 – 10 setae. Prosternum trapezoidal. Mesosternum with a pair of subrectangular sclerites, curved laterally (Fig. 25 E). Metasternum with a setal area bearing 7 setae (Fig. 25 E). Foretrochantin with anterodorsal margin almost straight, with corner pointed and upturned, anteroventral margin straight and corner rounded (Fig. 25 C). Legs yellowish brown, setose (Fig. 25 G). — Abdomen: Gills simple, present on segments II – VI; segments II – IV with dorsal, lateral, and ventral filaments; segment V – VI with dorsal and lateral filaments (Fig. 25 H). Segments III – VIII with lateral fringes. Segment VIII with a pair of posteromesal short setae. Segment IX dorsal sclerite with 6 long setae on posterior margin and 2 pairs of very short, lateral setae behind those, and one anterolateral short seta at each side of the sclerite (Fig. 25 F); anal claws single, large, and pointed with a very small dorsal accessory hook (Fig. 25 F). — Larval case: Length up to 20 mm. All larvae of T. puri sp. nov. were found occupying a discarded case of Marilia sp. (Odontoceridae) (Fig. 25 I). — Pupa. Unknown.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
FFDC4A51284A508EA1986D46B020437A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet ‘ puri ’ comes from the Coroado indigenous language, meaning audacious. The Puris are a Brazilian indigenous group belonging to the Macro-Jê linguistic branch, originally inhabiting the ES, RJ, MG, and SP States in southeast Brazil.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
FFDC4A51284A508EA1986D46B020437A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais states).	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
B892068E60D45A0699488F2D9E72110C.taxon	description	Figure 27	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
B892068E60D45A0699488F2D9E72110C.taxon	description	Description. Adult. For a full description of male and female adults of T. ultimus see Holzenthal (1988). — Larva. Length up to 15 mm (n = 1) (Fig. 27 A). Head: Anterior region of the head brown to golden brown (in alcohol), with a pale oval area around the stemmata (Fig. 27 B); almost rectangular, slightly enlarged posteriorly; many pale muscle scars on posterior portion of the head (Fig. 27 B). Labrum brown, subtrapezoidal, with 3 pairs of long setae. Mandibles asymmetrical, dark, typical for Triplectides (right mandible with 6 teeth around a concavity and left mandible with 5 teeth). Submentum subrectangular. Ventral apotome subtriangular, widened anteriorly, slightly constricted at mid-length, and narrowing at posterior portion to an acute tip (Fig. 27 B). — Thorax: Pronotum, mesonotum, and legs, yellowish brown (Fig. 27 D). Pronotum with muscle scars pale (Fig. 27 D); anterior margin crenulate, lateral margin slightly produced and pointed (Fig. 27 C, D). Mesonotum very pale, almost covered by a pair of large sclerites: sa 1 each with single seta; sa 2 each with 3 setae (2 very long mesal setae and 1 posterior very short); sa 3 each with 6 setae (3 anterior setae, 2 very long mesal and 1 posterior short). Metanotum covered by 5 sclerites: sa 1 pair, subquadrate, bearing each a single seta, sa 2 seems fused, forming one sclerite, weakly sclerotized, with pair of long setae, sa 3 sclerites elongate, oval, bearing each with 4 setae (1 very long and others short) (Fig. 27 D). Prosternum subtrapezoidal. Mesosternum with a pair of sclerites subtriangular curved laterally. Metasternum bearing about 12 setae (Fig. 27 E). Foretrochantin sinuous with anterodorsal margin slightly curved, narrowed at the tip and upturned, and anteroventral margin almost straight (Fig. 27 C). Legs yellowish brown and setose (Fig. 27 G). — Abdomen: Gills simple, present on segments II – VIII: segments II – VII with dorsal, lateral, and ventral filaments; segment VIII with ventral filaments (Fig. 27 H). Segment I-II with a pair of small setae in posterior portion; segments III – VIII with lateral fringes. Segment VIII with a pair of long posteromesal setae. Segment IX dorsal sclerite with 6 long setae on its posterior margin, and 2 pairs of very short setae behind those, and one anterolateral short seta at each side of the sclerite (Fig. 27 F). Anal claws single, large and, acute, with a small dorsal accessory hook (Fig. 27 F). — Larval case: Length up to 26 mm. A hollow stick with several small sticks glued close to the opening (Fig. 27 I). — Pupa unknown.	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
B892068E60D45A0699488F2D9E72110C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro states).	en	Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira (2025): Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757-796, DOI: 10.3897/asp.83.e158227
