taxonID	type	description	language	source
052BB001287A5CA0B999C84D777B2651.taxon	description	Figures 9, 10, 11; Tables 5, 6	en	Malhotra, Anita, Walter, Mrinalini, Russel, Guillem Limia, Thorpe, Roger S. (2025): Integrative analysis of geographic variation and species boundaries in the white-lipped pitviper complex (Squamata: Viperidae: Crotalinae: Trimeresurus albolabris). Vertebrate Zoology 75: 191-225, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e142775
052BB001287A5CA0B999C84D777B2651.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Trimeresurus albolabris fario can be distinguished from T. a. albolabris by the following combination of characters (see Table 5 for values): (a higher number of ventral and subcaudal scales; a tendency to have more scales between the 4 th and 5 th supralabial scales and the subocular scale; narrower internasal scales, less keeled body and head scales, and scale reductions around the tail occurring closer to the vent in both males and females. Additionally, females have relatively longer heads and tails.	en	Malhotra, Anita, Walter, Mrinalini, Russel, Guillem Limia, Thorpe, Roger S. (2025): Integrative analysis of geographic variation and species boundaries in the white-lipped pitviper complex (Squamata: Viperidae: Crotalinae: Trimeresurus albolabris). Vertebrate Zoology 75: 191-225, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e142775
052BB001287A5CA0B999C84D777B2651.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The subspecific epithet fario is a Latinised masculine singular noun in apposition. In the species account for Salmo Fario, Linnaeus (1758: 309) referenced entry No. 309 in the first edition of his earlier volume Fauna Suecica (Linnaeus 1746). This is the fourth of five entries for fishes of the type “ Salmo ”, where he listed the Ichthyologia by Stephan von Schönefeld (1624) as a source for the word Forio. Schönefeld (1624: 77) provided as a source for this term the German word Fohre, a descriptive term for the common stream salmonid derived from the proto-Germanic language, meaning “ speckled ”. Thus, Linnaeus’s name forio comes from a misspelled, Latinised, proto-Germanic term. The meaning “ salmon trout ” (Lewis and Short 1879) is a much later attribution. Without any speckling on the body of T. albolabris, Jan perhaps referenced the brownish colour that specimens of this species can attain on preservation. Alternatively, the mottled red colouration frequently found on the tail of specimens of T. albolabris may have resembled the red spots on the flanks of some trout.	en	Malhotra, Anita, Walter, Mrinalini, Russel, Guillem Limia, Thorpe, Roger S. (2025): Integrative analysis of geographic variation and species boundaries in the white-lipped pitviper complex (Squamata: Viperidae: Crotalinae: Trimeresurus albolabris). Vertebrate Zoology 75: 191-225, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e142775
052BB001287A5CA0B999C84D777B2651.taxon	description	Description of neotype. 163 ventrals, 73 paired subcaudals, 11 / 10 supralabials (right / left), 13 infralabials, two postoculars, internasals in contact, no scales between the nasal scale and the fused loreal and second supralabial scale that form the anterior edge of the pit, a minimum of ten scales between the supraoculars, and 12 between their inner rear edges, 6 / 7 scales touch the subocular (not counting pre- or postoculars), including the third infralabial scale, which is the largest. There is one scale between the fourth and two scales between the fifth infralabial and the subocular scale on the right side and one scale between both the fourth and fifth infralabial scale and the subocular on the left side. The first supralabial is partially fused with the scale surrounding the nostril. Upper body scale rows, temporal scales and scales on rear upper surface of head moderately keeled. There are 21 scale rows at midbody; the scale reduction formula is shown in Table 6: Five palatine, 13 pterygoid, and 12 dentary teeth. SVL 49.8 cm + tail length 14.1 cm = total length 63.9 cm. Hemipenis retractor muscle inserts at subcaudal 58; hemipenis forked at about 15 % of total length (measured in situ), the majority of the forked part with calyces extending from a short distance above the fork to the tips. The basal region below the fork bare, with soft papillate processes present. Colouration in preservative (Fig. 9): lateral surface of head below the eye, supralabial scales, 1 – 2 scales above supralabials and ventral surface considerably lighter than the upper part of the head; dorsal surface of head and body similarly uniformly coloured, a light ventrolateral stripe covering c. 40 % of the first scale row of the body fades anteriorly and does not reach the head, no postocular streak present.	en	Malhotra, Anita, Walter, Mrinalini, Russel, Guillem Limia, Thorpe, Roger S. (2025): Integrative analysis of geographic variation and species boundaries in the white-lipped pitviper complex (Squamata: Viperidae: Crotalinae: Trimeresurus albolabris). Vertebrate Zoology 75: 191-225, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e142775
052BB001287A5CA0B999C84D777B2651.taxon	distribution	Distribution and natural history. Trimeresurus a. fario generally occupies lowland areas in the more southerly part of the distribution of T. albolabris, including the Malay Peninsula in Thailand (and possibly Myanmar, although this remains to be confirmed), the area in the vicinity of Bangkok in central Thailand, southeast Thailand, south of the Sankamphaeng Range, the area of Cambodia around the Tonle Sap and Mekong lowlands, the Mekong Delta in Vietnam, and western Java. The nominate subspecies is restricted to China (including Hainan) and the extreme northeastern part of Vietnam. Populations in Laos and central Vietnam may represent intergrades between these two subspecies of T. albolabris, while those further north and west in Thailand may intergrade with other forms. These snakes have been recorded in a range of habitats, including Melaleuca swamp forest and grassland in open pine forest (Cambodia); secondary forest, production forest, plantations, and agricultural areas in Java (Kurniawan et al. 2021); as well as agricultural areas that border lowland moist forest and semi-evergreen forest in southern Thailand (personal observation). Like other related species and subspecies of T. albolabris, it is largely arboreal but may frequently be found on low vegetation or on the ground. The IUCN lists Trimeresurus albolabris as a species of Least Concern (Stuart et al. 2012).	en	Malhotra, Anita, Walter, Mrinalini, Russel, Guillem Limia, Thorpe, Roger S. (2025): Integrative analysis of geographic variation and species boundaries in the white-lipped pitviper complex (Squamata: Viperidae: Crotalinae: Trimeresurus albolabris). Vertebrate Zoology 75: 191-225, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e142775
