identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
7707646A276CFFEF63EB2C92FF7810B7.text	7707646A276CFFEF63EB2C92FF7810B7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bhatia W. A. Baker & Morgan-Jones, Mycotaxon	<div><p>Bhatia W.A. Baker &amp; Morgan-Jones, Mycotaxon 110: 93 (2009)</p> <p>≡ Ramoacrodictys G.Z. Zhao, Sydowia 61 (2): 354 (2010).</p> <p>Type species: Bhatia malabarica (Subram. &amp; Bhat) W.A. Baker &amp; Morgan-Jones, Mycotaxon 110: 93 (2009). ≡ Acrodictys malabarica Subram. &amp; Bhat, Kavaka 15(1–2): 41 (1989).</p> <p>≡ Ramoacrodictys malabarica (Subram. &amp; Bhat) G.Z. Zhao, Sydowia 61(2): 355 (2010).</p> <p>Holotype: INDIA. Kerala: Palghat Dt., Silent Valley, on bamboo twigs, 24 April 1980, D.J. Bhat (FFSI 3646).</p> <p>D escription: Colonies effuse, hairy, olivaceous brown to dark blackish brown. Mycelium partly superficial and partly immersed, composed of branched, septate, cylindrical, smooth, subhyaline to pale brown hyphae. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, simple to multi-branched, single, erect, straight or slightly flexuous, septate, cylindrical, thick-walled, smooth, dark brown, paler towards the apex; branches single or in group of 2–4 oppositely arranged in verticils or whorls along the main axis of the conidiophores, short, septate, thin-walled, smooth, pale brown, truncate at the apex, usually a secondary branch arising from the primary branch. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, integrated, terminal on conidiophores and lateral branches, determinate, cylindrical to lageniform, light brown to pale brown, with percurrent extensions. Conidial secession schizolytic. Conidia holoblastic, solitary, dry, acrogenous, ellipsoidal, gangliar, broadly ellipsoidal, subglobose, obovoid or pyriform, with transversal and longitudinal or oblique septa, slightly constricted at the septa, sometimes crucially septate, smooth or verruculose, brown or dark blackishbrown, basal cell pale brown, truncate.</p> <p>Notes:— Bhatia was proposed as a new genus by Gams et al. (2009) and typified by B. malabarica to accommodate Acrodictys malabarica Subram. &amp; Bhat (Subramanian &amp; Bhat 1987). The genus is characterized by presence of branched conidiophores, monoblastic conidiogenous cells without percurrent extension, and distinctly ornate dictyosporic conidia that distinguished it from the other genera of the Acrodictys complex (Gams et al. 2009, Seifert et al. 2011). The presence of percurrent extensions in the conidiogenous cells was not reported in the holotype either in the description provided by Zhao et al. (2009). Bhatia malabarica appears uncommon in the environment and was only recorded on branches and stems of bamboo in India (Subramanian &amp; Bhat 1987) and China (Zhao et al. 2009).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7707646A276CFFEF63EB2C92FF7810B7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Monteiro, Josiane Santana;Carmo, Luana Teixeira Do;Sotão, Helen Maria Pontes	Monteiro, Josiane Santana, Carmo, Luana Teixeira Do, Sotão, Helen Maria Pontes (2017): A new species of Bhatia (asexual ascomycetes) and new records from Brazil. Phytotaxa 331 (2): 263-272, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.10, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.10
7707646A276FFFEF63EB2F40FE0A1B43.text	7707646A276FFFEF63EB2F40FE0A1B43.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bhatia laevispora J. S. Monteiro 2017	<div><p>Bhatia laevispora J.S. Monteiro, sp. nov. (Figure 1, a–g; Figure 2)</p> <p>MycoBank no.: MB 821671</p> <p>Diagnosis: —This species differs from B. malabarica by its smaller conidiogenous cells (4–8 × 3–4 μm) with 1–4 percurrent extensions and bigger (25‒30 × 14‒20 μm), smooth conidia with brown to dark brown apical cells, paler central cells and pale brown to subhyaline basal cell.</p> <p>Type (designated here): — BRAZIL. Amapá: Ferreira Gomes, FLONA of Amapá, on decaying leaflets of Astrocaryum murumuru Mart. (Arecaceae), 15 December 2009, J. S. Monteiro (holotype MG 224312).</p> <p>Etymology: —The specific epithet refers to the smooth-walled conidia.</p> <p>Colonies effuse, hairy, dark brown. Mycelium partly immersed, partly superficial, composed by hyphae branched, septate, cylindrical, smooth, brown, 2–2.5 μm wide. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, solitary, branched, erect, straight or slightly flexuous, 10–16-septate, cylindrical, thick-walled, smooth, dark brown in the base, tapered and paler towards the apex, 225‒375 × 10‒16 μm; branches cylindrical, 1–4-septate, smooth, brown to pale brown, 8‒30 × 4‒6 μm, truncate apex, 3‒4 μm wide; rarely a secondary branch arising from base of primary branch. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, integrated, terminal in the main axis and lateral branches in the conidiophore, lageniform, smooth, pale brown, 4–8 × 3–4 μm, with 1–4 percurrent extensions. Seccession schizolytic. Conidia holoblastic, acrogenous, solitary, dry, obovoide, pyriform, dictyosporic, 3‒4 transversal septa, 1–2 longitudinal septa, slightly constricted at the septa, smooth, brown to dark brown apical cells, paler central cells and pale brown to subhyaline basal cell, 25‒30 × 14‒20 μm; basal cell cylindrical, pale brown, truncate at base, 3.5‒4 × 3–3.5μm wide.</p> <p>Additional material examined: BRAZIL. Amapá: Ferreira Gomes, FLONA of Amapá, on decaying leaflets of Astrocaryum gynacanthum Mart. (Arecaceae), 16 December 2009, J.S. Monteiro (MG 226123).</p> <p>Distribution: ― Bhatia laevispora is known only from Amapá.</p> <p>Ecology:— On decaying leaflets of A. murumuru and A. gynacanthum.</p> <p>Notes:— Bhatia laevispora differs from B. malabarica by its smaller conidiogenous cells (4–8 μm vs. 11–15 μm long) with percurrent extensions, and bigger (25–30 × 14–20 μm vs. 16–21 × 14–17 μm), smooth conidia (Subramanian &amp; Bhat 1987, Zhaos et al. 2009). Bhatia malabarica and the novel species B. laevispora were described on members of Poaceae and Arecaceae, respectively. A great diversity of fungi associated with these vegetal families has been reported (Hyde et al. 2002, 2007).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7707646A276FFFEF63EB2F40FE0A1B43	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Monteiro, Josiane Santana;Carmo, Luana Teixeira Do;Sotão, Helen Maria Pontes	Monteiro, Josiane Santana, Carmo, Luana Teixeira Do, Sotão, Helen Maria Pontes (2017): A new species of Bhatia (asexual ascomycetes) and new records from Brazil. Phytotaxa 331 (2): 263-272, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.10, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.10
7707646A276EFFE963EB2D0BFB2B129C.text	7707646A276EFFE963EB2D0BFB2B129C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Balaniopsis kirkii Whitton, McKenzie & K. D. Hyde, Mycoscience	<div><p>Balaniopsis kirkii Whitton, McKenzie &amp; K.D. Hyde, Mycoscience 43(1): 72 (2002). (Figure 3, a–d)</p> <p>Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, solitary, simple, erect, straight or slightly flexuous, cylindrical, septate, smooth, brown to dark brown, 220‒287.5 × 6‒7.5 μm, rarely with one percurrent extension. Conidiogenous cells polyblastic, integrated, terminal, triangular to broadly obovoid, smooth, dark brown to black, 15‒21.5 × 11‒16.5 μm; 4‒7-denticulate, denticles cylindrical to slightly conical, pale brown, 5‒8 × 2‒3 μm. Seccession rhexolytic. Conidia solitary, unicelular, obovoid, apex broadly rounded, smooth, dark brown, 11‒12 × 8‒9.5 μm, with a basal frill.</p> <p>Material examined:— BRAZIL. Amapá: Ferreira Gomes, FLONA of Amapá, on decaying leaflets of Attalea sp., 14 July 2009, J. S. Monteiro (MG 224313).</p> <p>Known distribution: — Australia (Whitton et al. 2002), Brazil (this paper), Kenya (Kirk 1985).</p> <p>Notes: — Balaniopsis P.M. Kirk includes four described species: B. Africana (Kiffer) P.M. Kirk, B. dendoidea Whitton, McKenzie &amp; K.D. Hyde, B. kirkii and B. triangularis D. W. Li &amp; W.B. Kendr., which can be differentiated by the morphology of their conidiophores and conidia (Whitton et al. 2002, Li et al. 2008). These species occur on leaves and wood in terrestrial environments and are restricted to a few countries in North America (Canada, USA),</p> <p>Asia (Brunei), Africa (Congo, Kenya, Seychelles), Oceania (Australia) and Europe (Hungary) (Farr &amp; Rossman 2017). Balaniopsis kirkii is most similar to B. africana, but the latter presents conidiophores with a light-dark-light pigmentation pattern that differs from the uniformly pigmented conidiophores of B. kirkii, as well as differences in the conidial form (obovoid and triangular, respectively) (Whitton et al. 2002). The dimensions of the conidiophores and denticles of the analyzed material were larger than those described by Kirk (1985, as Balanium africanum Kiffer) and Whitton et al. (2002), while the conidia were smaller in relation to the Australian holotype (12.8–14.5 × 9.5–11 μm). Despite these differences, the other characteristics of the specimens are in accordance with the description of Whitton et al. (2002). To date, this species has been recorded only in rachises of Cyathea sp. (Cyatheaceae), leaves of Pandanus monticola F. Muell. (Pandanaceae) and, in this study, in leaflets of Attalea sp. (Arecaceae).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7707646A276EFFE963EB2D0BFB2B129C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Monteiro, Josiane Santana;Carmo, Luana Teixeira Do;Sotão, Helen Maria Pontes	Monteiro, Josiane Santana, Carmo, Luana Teixeira Do, Sotão, Helen Maria Pontes (2017): A new species of Bhatia (asexual ascomycetes) and new records from Brazil. Phytotaxa 331 (2): 263-272, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.10, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.10
7707646A2769FFEB63EB2D9FFBCD1228.text	7707646A2769FFEB63EB2D9FFBCD1228.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cirrenalia donnae B. Sutton, Mycological Papers	<div><p>Cirrenalia donnae B. Sutton, Mycological Papers 132: 33 (1973). (Figure 3, e)</p> <p>Sporodochia and conidiophores not visualized. Conidia solitary, dry, helicoid, smooth, mid to dark brown, 50‒65 μm diam., mostly coiled 1‒1.5 times, 7‒8-septate; septa thick and dark, constricted; filament 25‒31 μm wide in the broadest part; cells increasing in diameter from base to apex, apical cell conical, rounded, pale brown; basal cell conical, truncate, often with a small portion of the conidiogenous cell.</p> <p>Material examined: — BRAZIL. Amapá: Ferreira Gomes, FLONA of Amapá, on decaying leaflets of Astrocaryum gynacanthum Mart., 17 July 2009, J. S. Monteiro (MG 224315).</p> <p>Known distribution: — Brazil (this paper), Canada, China, England (Zhao et al. 2007), Russia (Farr &amp; Rossman 2017).</p> <p>Notes: — Cirrenalia S.P. Meyers &amp; R.T. Moore was established by Meyers &amp; Moore (1960) with the type-species C. macrocephala (Kohlm.) S.P. Meyers &amp; R.T. Moore, recombined from Helicoma macrocephala Kohlm. Zhao &amp; Liu (2005) reviewed the genus and presented a synopsis of the 16 described species, including seven marine species and nine terrestrial species. Subsequently, Jiang &amp; Zhang (2007) and Zhang et al. (2014) described new species found in soil samples. Abdel-Wahab et al. (2010) carried out a phylogenetic analysis with only the marine species of Cirrenalia and confirmed their polyphyletic nature, transferring these species to new genera. The Brazilian material analyzed in this study showed much larger conidia (up to 65 μm diam.) than those reported by Sutton (1973) in the original description (20–25.5 μm diam.) but were closer to the Chinese material (39–62 μm diam.) as described by Zhao &amp; Liu (2005), and were in agreement with the other morphological characteristics described for this species. The occurrence of C. donnae is restricted to terrestrial environments, and so far, this species has only been reported in decomposing plant material of Abies Mill. (Pinaceae) and in an unidentified plant (Farr &amp; Rossman 2017, Zhao et al. 2007).</p> <p>Dictyosporium pandani Whitton, K.D. Hyde &amp; McKenzie, Fungal Diversity Res. Ser. 21: 205 (2012). (Figure 3, f) Conidiophores and conidiogenous cells not visualized. Conidia solitary, dry, cheiroid, complanate, septate, smooth, golden brown, 25‒37.5 × 13.5‒15 μm, consisting of 4 rows of cells, with 6–8 cells per row, 24–31 cells per conidium, walls slightly thickened, slightly constricted at the septa; two central rows often has the same length and are darker than outer rows, outer rows are slightly shorter, paler than central rows, the apical cells of the central rows are often somewhat larger than the rest of the cells in the conidium, appendage absent.</p> <p>Material examined: — BRAZIL. Amapá: Ferreira Gomes, FLONA of Amapá, on decaying leaflets of A. murumuru, 16 December 2009, J. S. Monteiro (MG 224316).</p> <p>Known distribution: — Brazil (this paper), Australia, Brunei Darussalan, Hong Kong, Nepal, Philippines (Whitton et al. 2012).</p> <p>Notes: — Dictyosporium Corda has 54 currently accepted species that are included in Dictyosporiaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) (Seifert et al. 2011, Abdel-Aziz 2016, Boonmee et al. 2016, Silva et al. 2016a,b). Dictyosporium pandani is similar to D. schizostachyifolium Bat. &amp; M.L. Farr and D. tetrasporum L. Cai &amp; K.D. Hyde, differing from them in relation to the width of conidia that are larger (Goh et al. 1999, Cai &amp; Hyde 2007). Dictyosporium nigroapice Goh, W.H. Ho &amp; K.D. Hyde and D. tetraseriale Goh, Yanna &amp; K.D. Hyde are also comparable, but present hyaline appendages, in addition to darker pigmentation at the apex of the conidia of D. nigroapice (Goh et al. 1999). The material examined was in accordance with the description of the species, but the conidia had smaller dimensions (25–37.5 × 13.5–15 μm) than the Chinese material (22–48 × 16–21.5 μm wide) (Whitton et al. 2012). In Brazil, 15 species of Dictyosporium have been recorded in terrestrial and aquatic leaf litter (CRIA 2017), including two new species (D. amoenum C.R. Silva, Gusmão &amp; R.F. Castañeda and D. araucariae S.S. Silva, R.F. Castañeda &amp; Gusmão) found in vegetation of the Caatinga and Araucaria Forest, respectively (Silva et al. 2016a,b). Based on literature, this is the second world record of D. pandani and the first occurrence in terrestrial leaf litter.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7707646A2769FFEB63EB2D9FFBCD1228	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Monteiro, Josiane Santana;Carmo, Luana Teixeira Do;Sotão, Helen Maria Pontes	Monteiro, Josiane Santana, Carmo, Luana Teixeira Do, Sotão, Helen Maria Pontes (2017): A new species of Bhatia (asexual ascomycetes) and new records from Brazil. Phytotaxa 331 (2): 263-272, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.10, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.10
