taxonID	type	description	language	source
796B87A8FFDE8552767CFB01FE50FC3F.taxon	description	apex bifid; 3 - veined, laterally compressed towards upper middle to apex, margins entire, open. Lower palea 2.8 – 3 × 0.4 – 0.5 mm, lanceolate, membranous to chartaceous, apex minutely fimbriate, 2 - keeled, keels minutely winged, scabrid; margins ciliolate from middle to apex, infolded. Stamens 3, anthers 1 – 1.2 × c. 0.2 mm, yellow, filaments 0.4 – 0.5 mm long. Upper lemma 1.9 – 2.1 × 0.4 – 0.5 mm, lanceolate, chartaceous to membranous, apex with 2 lateral setae; setae 1 – 2 mm long, scabrid; awned, awn 4 – 5 mm long, geniculate; column 1 – 2 mm long, awn arises between two setae; margins entire, open. Upper palea 2 – 2.2 × c. 0.3 mm, lanceolate, boat shaped, chartaceous to membranous, dorsally scabrid; apex minutely bifid; 2 - keeled; margins serrulate towards upper middle to apex, base flapped, infolded. Stamens 3, as above in lower florets. Ovary 0.2 – 0.3 × c. 0.1 mm, oblong; style 2 0.5 – 0.7 mm long; stigma 2, 0.8 – 1 mm long, plumose; lodicules 2, 2 mm long, membranous. Flowering & fruiting: Flowering and fruiting from August to February. Habitat: The species was observed mostly in hilly areas along rocky slopes with some associated angiosperms, such as Schizostachyum andamanicum M. Kumar & Remesh. (Poaceae), Memecylon sp. (Melastomataceae), Grewia sp. (Malvaceae), and Phyllanthus andamanicus Balakr. & N. G. Nair (Phyllanthaceae). Distribution: India, Australia, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. Specimens examined: INDIA, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andaman Island, Middle Andaman, Panchvati, N 12 ° 34 ' 20.55 ", E 92 ° 57 ' 25.47 ", 14.11.2018, Reshma Lakra 86458 (CAL, PBL). Andhra Pradesh, Kurnool district, 10.12.1963, J. L. Ellis 18057 (CAL). Karnataka, Ramanagara district, Narayanadurga state forests, 19.12.1978, K. R. Keshava Murty & K. P. Murthy 5081 (CAL). Kerala, Kannur district, Kuthupuramba, 20.02.1978, V. S. Ramachandran 5410 (CAL). Meghalaya, Shillong, Naga Hills, Dec. 1907, A. Meebold 7497 (CAL). Odisha, Nigirdah, 18.02.1958, G. Panigrahi 12572 (CAL). Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore district, Manimuthar bridge falls, 26.06.1975, K. M. Sebastine 3668 (CAL). BURMA, Maymyo plateau, 25.09.1911. J. H. Lace 5428 (CAL). Notes: Arundinella setosa closely resembles A. nervosa (Roxb.) Nees ex Hook. & Arn. in general appearance, but differs mainly by its perennial habit against the annual habit in A. nervosa. Fischer (1934) treated A. nervosa as a synonym of A. setosa in the Flora of the Presidency of Madras. However, some of the characteristic features of A. nervosa, such as up to 25 cm long panicles, acute to caudate upper glumes, up to 2 mm long setae of the upper lemma, and up to 4 mm long awn column distinguish it from A. setosa that has a panicle of up to 13 cm long, acuminate upper glume, up to 3 mm long setae of the upper lemma, and up to 4.3 mm long column. Thus, they were regarded as distinct species in recent publications (Kabeer & Nair, 2009; Potdar et al., 2012; Veldkamp, 2015).	en	R., Lakra, P., Kumari, Mondal, S. (2022): Arundinella setosa var. setosa (Poaceae): a new record for Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Rheedea 32 (2): 131-134, DOI: 10.22244/rheedea.2022.32.02.04
