identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
9D454E4C77825D83B8BD8046B7EB7022.text	9D454E4C77825D83B8BD8046B7EB7022.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Helicosporium rubrum J. Ma & Y. Z. Lu 2025	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Helicosporium rubrum J. Ma &amp; Y. Z. Lu sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Fig. 2</p>
            <p>Holotype.</p>
            <p> MFLU 24–0035.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> ‘‘  rubrum ’’ refers to the red-brown colonies on the woody substrate. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Saprobic on decaying wood in a terrestrial habitat. Asexual morph Undetermined. Sexual morph: Ascomata 151–185.5 µm high, 138–157 µm diam., superficial, seated on a subiculum, solitary, scattered, globose to subglobose, bright reddish yellow to brown yellow, with central narrow ostiole; setae were not observed, comprising short projections of setae-like, 10–35 × 4.5–8 µm. Peridium 17.5–22 µm wide, composed of several layers of hyaline to bright yellow cells of textura angularis, outer layer yellow cells, and inner layer pale yellow to hyaline cells. Hamathecium comprising numerous, 1.5–2.5 µm wide, filiform, branched, septate, hyaline pseudoparaphyses. Asci 51–77 × 8–12.5 µm (x ̄ = 64 × 10 μm, n = 20), 8 - spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical to clavate or saccate, short-pedicellate, apically rounded, basally flexious. Ascospores 27–35 × 3–4.5 µm (x ̄ = 31.5 × 4 μm, n = 20), overlapping 2–3 - seriate, fusiform, tapering towards the ends, widest at the central part, straight to slightly curved, multi-septate, hyaline, smooth-walled.</p>
            <p>Culture characteristics.</p>
            <p>Conidia germinated on PDA, producing germ tubes within 10 hours. Colonies on PDA reached a diameter of 29 mm after 49 days of incubation at 25 ° C, exhibiting an irregular shape with radially furrowed at the centre and velvety surface, white to pale brown in PDA medium.</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  Thailand • Chiangmai,  Mushroom Research Center (MRC), on rotting wood in a terrestrial habitat, 11 September 2020, Jing-Yi Zhang, Y 251 (MFLU 24–0035, holotype), ex-type living culture MFLUCC 24–0090 = GZCC 24–0149  . </p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> Our newly isolated strains (MFLUCC 24–0090 and GZCC 24–0149) formed a sister relationship with  H. flavum (MFLUCC 16–1230 and GZCC 24–0487), supported by 100 % ML / 1.00 PP support (Fig. 1). A comparison of the ITS, LSU, and tef 1 - α sequence data between our strain (MFLUCC 24–0090) and  H. flavum (MFLUCC 16–1230) revealed nucleotide base differences of 19 / 506 bp (3.8 %, including four gaps), 10 / 757 bp (1.3 %, without gap), and 26 / 904 bp (2.9 %, including four gaps), respectively. Morphologically,  Helicosporium rubrum resembles  H. flavum (MFLU 17–0704) in having solitary, scattered, globose to subglobose, bright reddish-yellow to brown-yellow ascomata; bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical to clavate asci; and fusiform, straight to slightly curved, multi-septate, hyaline ascospores (Brahmanage et al. 2017). However,  H. rubrum differs from  H. flavum by having smaller asci (51–77 × 8–12.5 µm vs. 70–130 × 12–16 µm) and shorter ascospores (27–35 × 3–4.5 µm vs. 40–60 × 8–12 µm) (Brahmanage et al. 2017). Additionally,  H. flavum exhibits brown to black-brown setae, absent in  H. rubrum (Brahmanage et al. 2017). Therefore, based on morphological and molecular data, we propose  Helicosporium rubrum as a new species (Chethana et al. 2021). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9D454E4C77825D83B8BD8046B7EB7022	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Peng, Tao;Lu, Yong-Zhong;Bai, Song;Zhang, Jing-Yi;Xiao, Xing-Juan;Wu, Na;Ma, Jian	Peng, Tao, Lu, Yong-Zhong, Bai, Song, Zhang, Jing-Yi, Xiao, Xing-Juan, Wu, Na, Ma, Jian (2025): Novel Helicosporium and Neohelicomyces (Tubeufiaceae, Tubeufiales) species from terrestrial habitats in China and Thailand. MycoKeys 112: 81-101, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.112.140211
D81D1F4C2471585393C67BF93318FF18.text	D81D1F4C2471585393C67BF93318FF18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neohelicomyces maolanensis J. Ma & Y. Z. Lu 2025	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Neohelicomyces maolanensis J. Ma &amp; Y. Z. Lu sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Fig. 3</p>
            <p>Holotype.</p>
            <p> HKAS 128855.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> ‘‘  maolanensis ’’ refers to its collection site, where the fungus was collected. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Saprobic on decaying wood in a forest. Sexual morph Undetermined. Asexual morph Hyphomycetous, helicosporous. Colonies on natural substrate superficial, effuse, solitary, scattered or gregarious, white to pale brown. Mycelium partly immersed, partly superficial, composed of pale brown to brown, branched, septate, guttulate, smooth. Conidiophores 201–230 μm long, 3–4.5 μm wide (x ̄ = 220 × 3.5 μm, n = 20), macronematous, mononematous, procumbent, solitary, cylindrical, tapering at tip, flexuous, unbranched, septate, slightly constricted at septa, hyaline to pale brown, smooth-walled, thick-walled. Conidiogenous cells 13.5–18.5 μm long, 2.5–4 μm wide (x ̄ = 16 × 3.5 μm, n = 30), holoblastic, monoblastic to polyblastic, integrated, intercalary or terminal, cylindrical or subcylindrical, with a denticulate protrusion, truncate at apex after conidial secession, hyaline to pale brown, smooth-walled. Conidia solitary, acropleurogenous, helicoid, tapering towards the rounded ends, developing on tooth-like protrusions, 13.5–19 μm diam. and conidial filament 2.5–3 μm wide (x ̄ = 16 × 2.8 μm, n = 30), 105–134 μm long (x ̄ = 116.5 μm, n = 30), aseptate, tightly coiled 3–3 3 / 4 times, becoming loosely coiled when the conidia are young in water and not becoming loose when the conidia mature in water, guttulate, hyaline, smooth-walled.</p>
            <p>Culture characteristics.</p>
            <p>Conidia germinated on PDA, producing germ tubes within 8 hours. Colonies on PDA reached a diameter of 24 mm after 37 days of incubation at 25 ° C, exhibiting an irregular shape with a flat surface and undulate margin, pale brown to brown in PDA medium.</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  China • Guizhou Province, Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,  Libo County , on rotting wood in a terrestrial habitat, 10 April 2022, Jian Ma, MN 5 (HKAS 128855, holotype), ex-type living culture GZCC 23–0079  ; •  Ibid., MN 5.1 (GZAAS 23–0634, paratype), ex-paratype living culture GZCC 23–0148 . </p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> Neohelicomyces maolanensis (HKAS 128855) is morphologically similar to  N. deschampsiae (CBS H–23590) in having erect, flexuous, multi-septate, brown conidiophores; monoblastic to polyblastic, intercalary, pale brown conidiogenous cells; and solitary, hyaline conidia (Crous et al. 2019 a). However,  Neohelicomyces maolanensis can be distinguished from  N. deschampsiae by its greater number of coils (3–3 3 / 4 times vs. 2–3 times), smaller conidial diameter (13.5–19 μm vs. 19–22 μm), and wider conidial filaments (2.5–3 μm vs. 2–2.5 μm) (Crous et al. 2019 a). According to the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 1), our new isolates formed a distinct lineage within the clade, which comprises  N. helicosporous (GZCC 23–0633 and GZCC 23–0634),  N. hyalosporous (GZCC 16–0086),  N. qixingyaensis (CGMCC 3.25569), and  N. subtropicus (GZCC 23–0076 and GZCC 24–0147), indicating that GZCC 23–0079 and GZCC 23–0148 represent a distinct species. Therefore, we propose  Neohelicomyces maolanensis (GZCC 23–0079 and GZCC 23–0148) as a novel species based on molecular and morphological evidence. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D81D1F4C2471585393C67BF93318FF18	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Peng, Tao;Lu, Yong-Zhong;Bai, Song;Zhang, Jing-Yi;Xiao, Xing-Juan;Wu, Na;Ma, Jian	Peng, Tao, Lu, Yong-Zhong, Bai, Song, Zhang, Jing-Yi, Xiao, Xing-Juan, Wu, Na, Ma, Jian (2025): Novel Helicosporium and Neohelicomyces (Tubeufiaceae, Tubeufiales) species from terrestrial habitats in China and Thailand. MycoKeys 112: 81-101, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.112.140211
3AECE0E31CB6506CABE12BD401CF2587.text	3AECE0E31CB6506CABE12BD401CF2587.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neohelicomyces subtropicus J. Ma & Y. Z. Lu 2025	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Neohelicomyces subtropicus J. Ma &amp; Y. Z. Lu sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Fig. 4</p>
            <p>Holotype.</p>
            <p> HKAS 128847.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> ‘‘  subtropicus ’’ named after the climate from which the holotype was found. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Saprobic on decaying wood in a forest. Sexual morph Undetermined. Asexual morph Hyphomycetous, helicosporous. Colonies on natural substrate superficial, effuse, solitary, gregarious, white to pale brown. Mycelium partly immersed, partly superficial, composed of pale brown to brown, branched, septate, guttulate, smooth. Conidiophores up to 420 μm long, 2.5–5.5 μm wide (x ̄ = 3.5 μm, n = 30), macronematous, mononematous, erect, solitary or in a group, cylindrical, long or short, tapering at tip, flexuous, mostly branched, septate, slightly constricted at septa, hyaline to pale brown at base, becoming hyaline toward apex, smooth-walled, thick-walled. Conidiogenous cells 10.5–19.5 μm long, 2–5.5 μm wide (x ̄ = 15.5 × 3.5 μm, n = 35), holoblastic, monoblastic to polyblastic, integrated, intercalary or terminal, cylindrical or subcylindrical, with a denticulate protrusion, truncate at apex after conidial secession, hyaline to pale brown, smooth-walled. Conidia solitary, acropleurogenous, helicoid, dry, tapering towards the rounded ends, developing on tooth-like protrusions, 14.5–16.5 μm diam. and conidial filament 1.5–3 μm wide (x ̄ = 15.5 × 2 μm, n = 25), 87–132 μm long (x ̄ = 110.5 μm, n = 25), aseptate, tightly coiled 2–2 3 / 4 times, becoming loosely coiled when the conidia are young in water and not becoming loose when the conidia mature in water, guttulate, hyaline, smooth-walled.</p>
            <p>Culture characteristics.</p>
            <p>Conidia germinated on PDA, producing germ tubes within 12 hours. Colonies on PDA reached a diameter of 44 mm after 46 days of incubation at 25 ° C, exhibiting an irregular shape with a flat surface and undulate margin, pale brown to black brown in PDA medium.</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  China • Guizhou Province, Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,  Libo County , on rotting wood in a terrestrial habitat, 10 April 2022, Jian Ma, MN 2 (HKAS 128847, holotype), ex-type living culture GZCC 23–0076  ; •  Ibid., MN 2.1 (GZAAS 23–0632, paratype), ex-paratype living culture GZCC 23–0147 . </p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> Phylogenetically, our new isolates (GZCC 23–0076 and GZCC 23–0147) formed a sister clade with  N. helicosporus (GZCC 23–0633 and GZCC 23–0634) and  N. hyalosporus (GZCC 16–0086) (Fig. 1). A comparison of the ITS, LSU, tef 1 - α, and rpb 2 sequence data between our strain (GZCC 23–0076) and  N. hyalosporus (GZCC 16–0086) revealed nucleotide base differences of 29 / 515 bp (5.6 %, including 12 gaps), 1 / 842 bp (0.1 %, without gap), 21 / 912 bp (2.3 %, including one gap), and 22 / 1045 bp (2.1 %, without gap), respectively. Morphologically, our newly collected specimen (HKAS 128847) differs from  N. helicosporus (HKAS 134923) and  N. hyalosporus (HKAS 97441) in having longer conidiophores (up to 420 μm vs. 105–199 μm and 210–290 μm, respectively) (Lu et al. 2018 b; Ma et al. 2024 a). Additionally,  Neohelicomyces subtropicus exhibits branched conidiophores, which are absent in  N. helicosporus and  N. hyalosporus (Lu et al. 2018 b; Ma et al. 2024 a). Therefore, we propose  Neohelicomyces subtropicus as a new species based on morphological comparison and multi-gene phylogenetic analysis. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3AECE0E31CB6506CABE12BD401CF2587	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Peng, Tao;Lu, Yong-Zhong;Bai, Song;Zhang, Jing-Yi;Xiao, Xing-Juan;Wu, Na;Ma, Jian	Peng, Tao, Lu, Yong-Zhong, Bai, Song, Zhang, Jing-Yi, Xiao, Xing-Juan, Wu, Na, Ma, Jian (2025): Novel Helicosporium and Neohelicomyces (Tubeufiaceae, Tubeufiales) species from terrestrial habitats in China and Thailand. MycoKeys 112: 81-101, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.112.140211
