taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
B76087BEFFA7FFB7FF7C81448019C16E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658975/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658975	Fig. 1.Habitus of Lucanus spp., males, dorsal view. A–C – L. zhanbishengi sp. n.: A – paratype a, Hunan; B – paratype b, Hunan; C – holotype, Hunan; D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	Fig. 1.Habitus of Lucanus spp., males, dorsal view. A–C – L. zhanbishengi sp. n.: A – paratype a, Hunan; B – paratype b, Hunan; C – holotype, Hunan; D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA7FFB7FF7C81448019C16E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658977/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658977	Fig. 2. Habitus of Lucanus spp., males, ventral view. A–C – L. zhanbishengi, sp. n.: A – paratype a, Hunan; B – paratype b, Hunan; C – holotype, Hunan; D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	Fig. 2. Habitus of Lucanus spp., males, ventral view. A–C – L. zhanbishengi, sp. n.: A – paratype a, Hunan; B – paratype b, Hunan; C – holotype, Hunan; D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA7FFB7FF7C81448019C16E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658979/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658979	Fig. 3. Habitus of Lucanus spp., females. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; C, D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E, F – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, C, E – dorsal view; B, D, F – ventral view).	Fig. 3. Habitus of Lucanus spp., females. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; C, D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E, F – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, C, E – dorsal view; B, D, F – ventral view).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA7FFB7FF7C81448019C16E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658983/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658983	Fig. 4. Male abdominal tergites VIII (A, C, E, G – dorsal view) and sternites VIII (B, D, F, H – ventral view) of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype b, Hunan; C, D – ditto, holotype, Hunan; E, F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G, H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	Fig. 4. Male abdominal tergites VIII (A, C, E, G – dorsal view) and sternites VIII (B, D, F, H – ventral view) of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype b, Hunan; C, D – ditto, holotype, Hunan; E, F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G, H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA7FFB7FF7C81448019C16E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658985/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658985	Fig. 5. Male abdominal segments IX of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype b, Hunan; C, D – ditto, holotype, Hunan; E, F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G, H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, C, E, G – ventral view; B, D, F, H – dorsal view).	Fig. 5. Male abdominal segments IX of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype b, Hunan; C, D – ditto, holotype, Hunan; E, F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G, H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, C, E, G – ventral view; B, D, F, H – dorsal view).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA7FFB7FF7C81448019C16E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658987/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658987	Fig. 6. Aedeagi of L. zhanbishengi sp. n. (D – flagellum; E, I – apices of flagellum). A–E – paratype b, Hunan; F–I – holotype, Hunan. (A, F – ventral view; B, D, E, G, I – dorsal view; C, H – lateral view). 8	Fig. 6. Aedeagi of L. zhanbishengi sp. n. (D – flagellum; E, I – apices of flagellum). A–E – paratype b, Hunan; F–I – holotype, Hunan. (A, F – ventral view; B, D, E, G, I – dorsal view; C, H – lateral view). 8	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA7FFB7FF7C81448019C16E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658991/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658991	Fig. 8. Female abdominal tergites VIII (A, C, E – dorsal view) and sternites VIII (B, D, F – ventral view) of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; C, D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E, F – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	Fig. 8. Female abdominal tergites VIII (A, C, E – dorsal view) and sternites VIII (B, D, F – ventral view) of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; C, D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E, F – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA7FFB7FF7C81448019C16E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658993/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658993	Fig. 9. Female genitalia of Lucanus spp. A–C L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; D–F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G–I – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, D, G – ventral view; B, E, H – dorsal view of hemisternites; C, F, I – right lateral view of spermathecae).	Fig. 9. Female genitalia of Lucanus spp. A–C L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; D–F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G–I – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, D, G – ventral view; B, E, H – dorsal view of hemisternites; C, F, I – right lateral view of spermathecae).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA7FFB7FF7C81448019C16E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658995/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658995	Fig. 10. Field observations (Hunan: Xuefengshan Nature Reserve) of the mating behavior of Lucanus zhanbishengi sp. n. (photo Bi-Sheng Zhan).	Fig. 10. Field observations (Hunan: Xuefengshan Nature Reserve) of the mating behavior of Lucanus zhanbishengi sp. n. (photo Bi-Sheng Zhan).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA7FFB7FF7C81448019C16E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658989/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658989	Fig. 7. Aedeagi of Lucanus spp. (D, H – apices of flagellum). A–D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E–H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, E – ventral view; B, D, F, H – dorsal view; C, G – lateral view).	Fig. 7. Aedeagi of Lucanus spp. (D, H – apices of flagellum). A–D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E–H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, E – ventral view; B, D, F, H – dorsal view; C, G – lateral view).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFAEFFB7FF7C87088323C211.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658975/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658975	Fig. 1.Habitus of Lucanus spp., males, dorsal view. A–C – L. zhanbishengi sp. n.: A – paratype a, Hunan; B – paratype b, Hunan; C – holotype, Hunan; D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	Fig. 1.Habitus of Lucanus spp., males, dorsal view. A–C – L. zhanbishengi sp. n.: A – paratype a, Hunan; B – paratype b, Hunan; C – holotype, Hunan; D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFAEFFB7FF7C87088323C211.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658977/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658977	Fig. 2. Habitus of Lucanus spp., males, ventral view. A–C – L. zhanbishengi, sp. n.: A – paratype a, Hunan; B – paratype b, Hunan; C – holotype, Hunan; D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	Fig. 2. Habitus of Lucanus spp., males, ventral view. A–C – L. zhanbishengi, sp. n.: A – paratype a, Hunan; B – paratype b, Hunan; C – holotype, Hunan; D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFAEFFB7FF7C87088323C211.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658979/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658979	Fig. 3. Habitus of Lucanus spp., females. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; C, D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E, F – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, C, E – dorsal view; B, D, F – ventral view).	Fig. 3. Habitus of Lucanus spp., females. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; C, D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E, F – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, C, E – dorsal view; B, D, F – ventral view).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFAEFFB7FF7C87088323C211.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658983/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658983	Fig. 4. Male abdominal tergites VIII (A, C, E, G – dorsal view) and sternites VIII (B, D, F, H – ventral view) of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype b, Hunan; C, D – ditto, holotype, Hunan; E, F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G, H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	Fig. 4. Male abdominal tergites VIII (A, C, E, G – dorsal view) and sternites VIII (B, D, F, H – ventral view) of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype b, Hunan; C, D – ditto, holotype, Hunan; E, F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G, H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFAEFFB7FF7C87088323C211.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658985/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658985	Fig. 5. Male abdominal segments IX of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype b, Hunan; C, D – ditto, holotype, Hunan; E, F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G, H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, C, E, G – ventral view; B, D, F, H – dorsal view).	Fig. 5. Male abdominal segments IX of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype b, Hunan; C, D – ditto, holotype, Hunan; E, F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G, H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, C, E, G – ventral view; B, D, F, H – dorsal view).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFAEFFB7FF7C87088323C211.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658989/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658989	Fig. 7. Aedeagi of Lucanus spp. (D, H – apices of flagellum). A–D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E–H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, E – ventral view; B, D, F, H – dorsal view; C, G – lateral view).	Fig. 7. Aedeagi of Lucanus spp. (D, H – apices of flagellum). A–D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E–H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, E – ventral view; B, D, F, H – dorsal view; C, G – lateral view).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFAEFFB7FF7C87088323C211.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658991/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658991	Fig. 8. Female abdominal tergites VIII (A, C, E – dorsal view) and sternites VIII (B, D, F – ventral view) of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; C, D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E, F – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	Fig. 8. Female abdominal tergites VIII (A, C, E – dorsal view) and sternites VIII (B, D, F – ventral view) of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; C, D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E, F – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFAEFFB7FF7C87088323C211.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658993/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658993	Fig. 9. Female genitalia of Lucanus spp. A–C L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; D–F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G–I – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, D, G – ventral view; B, E, H – dorsal view of hemisternites; C, F, I – right lateral view of spermathecae).	Fig. 9. Female genitalia of Lucanus spp. A–C L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; D–F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G–I – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, D, G – ventral view; B, E, H – dorsal view of hemisternites; C, F, I – right lateral view of spermathecae).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFAEFFB7FF7C87088323C211.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658997/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658997	Fig. 11. Habitus of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., ♂, holotype, Hunan; D, E – ditto, ♀, paratype, Hunan; C – L. brivioi Ziliol, ♂, Fujian; F – ditto, ♀, Fujian. (A, C, D, F – dorsal view; B, E – ventral view).	Fig. 11. Habitus of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., ♂, holotype, Hunan; D, E – ditto, ♀, paratype, Hunan; C – L. brivioi Ziliol, ♂, Fujian; F – ditto, ♀, Fujian. (A, C, D, F – dorsal view; B, E – ventral view).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFAEFFB7FF7C87088323C211.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14659001/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14659001	Fig. 13. Head of Lucanus spp., male, dorsal view. A – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., holotype, Hunan; B – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian.	Fig. 13. Head of Lucanus spp., male, dorsal view. A – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., holotype, Hunan; B – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFAEFFB7FF7C87088323C211.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14659005/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14659005	Fig. 15. Aedeagi of Lucanus spp. (G, H – apices of flagellum). A–C, G – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., holotype, Hunan; D–F, H – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian. (A, D – ventral view; B, E, G, H – dorsal view; C, F – lateral view).	Fig. 15. Aedeagi of Lucanus spp. (G, H – apices of flagellum). A–C, G – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., holotype, Hunan; D–F, H – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian. (A, D – ventral view; B, E, G, H – dorsal view; C, F – lateral view).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFAEFFB7FF7C87088323C211.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14659007/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14659007	Fig. 16. Female genitalia of Lucanus spp. A–C – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., paratype, Hunan; D, E – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian. (A, C, D – ventral view; B, E – right lateral view of spermathecae).	Fig. 16. Female genitalia of Lucanus spp. A–C – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., paratype, Hunan; D, E – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian. (A, C, D – ventral view; B, E – right lateral view of spermathecae).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFB0FF7C837982F5C589.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658975/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658975	Fig. 1.Habitus of Lucanus spp., males, dorsal view. A–C – L. zhanbishengi sp. n.: A – paratype a, Hunan; B – paratype b, Hunan; C – holotype, Hunan; D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	Fig. 1.Habitus of Lucanus spp., males, dorsal view. A–C – L. zhanbishengi sp. n.: A – paratype a, Hunan; B – paratype b, Hunan; C – holotype, Hunan; D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFB0FF7C837982F5C589.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658977/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658977	Fig. 2. Habitus of Lucanus spp., males, ventral view. A–C – L. zhanbishengi, sp. n.: A – paratype a, Hunan; B – paratype b, Hunan; C – holotype, Hunan; D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	Fig. 2. Habitus of Lucanus spp., males, ventral view. A–C – L. zhanbishengi, sp. n.: A – paratype a, Hunan; B – paratype b, Hunan; C – holotype, Hunan; D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFB0FF7C837982F5C589.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658979/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658979	Fig. 3. Habitus of Lucanus spp., females. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; C, D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E, F – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, C, E – dorsal view; B, D, F – ventral view).	Fig. 3. Habitus of Lucanus spp., females. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; C, D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E, F – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, C, E – dorsal view; B, D, F – ventral view).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFB0FF7C837982F5C589.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658983/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658983	Fig. 4. Male abdominal tergites VIII (A, C, E, G – dorsal view) and sternites VIII (B, D, F, H – ventral view) of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype b, Hunan; C, D – ditto, holotype, Hunan; E, F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G, H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	Fig. 4. Male abdominal tergites VIII (A, C, E, G – dorsal view) and sternites VIII (B, D, F, H – ventral view) of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype b, Hunan; C, D – ditto, holotype, Hunan; E, F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G, H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFB0FF7C837982F5C589.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658985/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658985	Fig. 5. Male abdominal segments IX of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype b, Hunan; C, D – ditto, holotype, Hunan; E, F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G, H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, C, E, G – ventral view; B, D, F, H – dorsal view).	Fig. 5. Male abdominal segments IX of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype b, Hunan; C, D – ditto, holotype, Hunan; E, F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G, H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, C, E, G – ventral view; B, D, F, H – dorsal view).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFB0FF7C837982F5C589.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658989/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658989	Fig. 7. Aedeagi of Lucanus spp. (D, H – apices of flagellum). A–D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E–H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, E – ventral view; B, D, F, H – dorsal view; C, G – lateral view).	Fig. 7. Aedeagi of Lucanus spp. (D, H – apices of flagellum). A–D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E–H – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, E – ventral view; B, D, F, H – dorsal view; C, G – lateral view).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFB0FF7C837982F5C589.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658991/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658991	Fig. 8. Female abdominal tergites VIII (A, C, E – dorsal view) and sternites VIII (B, D, F – ventral view) of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; C, D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E, F – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	Fig. 8. Female abdominal tergites VIII (A, C, E – dorsal view) and sternites VIII (B, D, F – ventral view) of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; C, D – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; E, F – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFB0FF7C837982F5C589.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658993/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658993	Fig. 9. Female genitalia of Lucanus spp. A–C L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; D–F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G–I – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, D, G – ventral view; B, E, H – dorsal view of hemisternites; C, F, I – right lateral view of spermathecae).	Fig. 9. Female genitalia of Lucanus spp. A–C L. zhanbishengi sp. n., paratype c, Hunan; D–F – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian; G–I – L. kraatzi Nagel, Yunnan. (A, D, G – ventral view; B, E, H – dorsal view of hemisternites; C, F, I – right lateral view of spermathecae).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFAFFF7C83AB8019C5CE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658997/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658997	Fig. 11. Habitus of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., ♂, holotype, Hunan; D, E – ditto, ♀, paratype, Hunan; C – L. brivioi Ziliol, ♂, Fujian; F – ditto, ♀, Fujian. (A, C, D, F – dorsal view; B, E – ventral view).	Fig. 11. Habitus of Lucanus spp. A, B – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., ♂, holotype, Hunan; D, E – ditto, ♀, paratype, Hunan; C – L. brivioi Ziliol, ♂, Fujian; F – ditto, ♀, Fujian. (A, C, D, F – dorsal view; B, E – ventral view).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFAFFF7C83AB8019C5CE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14658999/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14658999	Fig. 12. Habitus of Lucanus zhuxiangi sp. n., male, Hunan, dorsal view. A – paratype, large-sized; B – holotype, common-sized; C – paratype, moderate-sized; D– paratype, smallsized.	Fig. 12. Habitus of Lucanus zhuxiangi sp. n., male, Hunan, dorsal view. A – paratype, large-sized; B – holotype, common-sized; C – paratype, moderate-sized; D– paratype, smallsized.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFAFFF7C83AB8019C5CE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14659001/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14659001	Fig. 13. Head of Lucanus spp., male, dorsal view. A – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., holotype, Hunan; B – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian.	Fig. 13. Head of Lucanus spp., male, dorsal view. A – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., holotype, Hunan; B – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian.	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFAFFF7C83AB8019C5CE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14659003/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14659003	Fig. 14. Abdominal segments of Lucanus zhuxiangi sp. n., Hunan. A–D – holotype, ♂: A – tergite VIII; B – sternite VIII; C, D – segment IX; E, F– paratype, ♀: E – tergite VIII; F – sternite VIII (A, D, E – dorsalview; B, C, F – ventral view).	Fig. 14. Abdominal segments of Lucanus zhuxiangi sp. n., Hunan. A–D – holotype, ♂: A – tergite VIII; B – sternite VIII; C, D – segment IX; E, F– paratype, ♀: E – tergite VIII; F – sternite VIII (A, D, E – dorsalview; B, C, F – ventral view).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFAFFF7C83AB8019C5CE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14659005/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14659005	Fig. 15. Aedeagi of Lucanus spp. (G, H – apices of flagellum). A–C, G – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., holotype, Hunan; D–F, H – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian. (A, D – ventral view; B, E, G, H – dorsal view; C, F – lateral view).	Fig. 15. Aedeagi of Lucanus spp. (G, H – apices of flagellum). A–C, G – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., holotype, Hunan; D–F, H – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian. (A, D – ventral view; B, E, G, H – dorsal view; C, F – lateral view).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFAFFF7C83AB8019C5CE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14659007/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14659007	Fig. 16. Female genitalia of Lucanus spp. A–C – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., paratype, Hunan; D, E – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian. (A, C, D – ventral view; B, E – right lateral view of spermathecae).	Fig. 16. Female genitalia of Lucanus spp. A–C – L. zhuxiangi sp. n., paratype, Hunan; D, E – L. brivioi Zilioli, Fujian. (A, C, D – ventral view; B, E – right lateral view of spermathecae).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
B76087BEFFA9FFAFFF7C83AB8019C5CE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14659009/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14659009	Fig. 17. Field observations (Hunan: Mangshan Nature Reserve) of Lucanus zhuxiangi sp. n. A – approaching; B, C – mating; D – female on the ground. (A–C – photo Jun Chen; D – photo Xiang Zhu).	Fig. 17. Field observations (Hunan: Mangshan Nature Reserve) of Lucanus zhuxiangi sp. n. A – approaching; B, C – mating; D – female on the ground. (A–C – photo Jun Chen; D – photo Xiang Zhu).	2024-11-30	Wang, Chen-Bin		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Chen-Bin			
