identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
E51687EADF18FFFB0BE66D6822F7FEED.text	E51687EADF18FFFB0BE66D6822F7FEED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kalanchoe elizae , Alwin Berger 1903	<div><p>Kalanchoe elizae Berger (1903: 69) (Figs 3–5).</p><p>Homotypic synonym:— Cotyledon elizae (A.Berger) A.Berger in Hamet (1910a: 23), syn. nov.</p><p>Type:—[Nyasaland] MALAWI. Southern Malawi, ca. 65 km east of Blantyre, Mount Mulanje [Mulanje Massif], ca. 4500’ [≈ 1370 m] above sea level, cultivated to flowering in Greendale, Harare, Zimbabwe, specimen prepared when plants flowered on 24 February 1960, consisting of two sheets, [Mr] Leslie Charles [‘ Larry ’] Leach 9771! (neotype, Herb. SRGH), here designated as neotype (Figs 6 and 7).</p><p>Heterotypic synonyms:— Cotyledon insignis Brown (1905: t. 8036).</p><p>Kalanchoe insignis (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. in Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (1931: 109).</p><p>Type:—[Nyasaland] MALAWI. “Raised from seeds sent to Kew by John Mahon in 1898 from Nyasaland. Cultivated at Kew Gardens”, specimen prepared on 11 February 1905, N. E. Brown s.n. (lectotype, Herb. K barcode K 000232908! [Image available for examination online at http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/ K 000232908]), designated by Smith (2023: 274).</p><p>Kalanchoe laurensii Raymond-Hamet (1916: 81) .</p><p>Type:— MOZAMBIQUE. [“East Tropical Africa”]. Namuli, Makua Country, 1887, J. T. Last s.n., (holotype, Herb. K barcode K 000232909! [Image available for examination online at http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/ K 000232909]) (Fig. 8).</p><p>Nomenclatural notes on Kalanchoe elizae A.Berger:—When describing Kalanchoe elizae, Berger (1903: 69–70) did not cite any material, nor reference any illustrations. Fernandes (1983: 56) stated: “ Type: cultivated material from Tropical Africa”, which was not an effective typification. Descoings (2003: 154) echoed this view and stated “ T: ex cult., not located”. The abbreviation “ T: ” is defined simply as “(nomenclatural) type ” in Eggli (2003: X).</p><p>In the absence of original material, the specimen L. C. Leach 9771 held at Herb. SRGH is here designated as neotype. This specimen consists of two sheets that are clearly marked as “Sheet I ” [two leaves] and “Sheet II” [two inflorescence branches with flowers].</p><p>Gunn &amp; Codd (1981: 219), Smith &amp; Williamson (1997), and Figueiredo &amp; Smith (2021: 42, 2024: 168–169) provide biographical information on Leslie Charles [‘Larry’] Leach who collected widely, especially succulent plants, in the Flora zambesiaca, Conspectus florae angolensis, and Flora of Southern Africa regions.</p><p>Nomenclatural notes on Cotyledon elizae (A.Berger)A.Berger:—The author attribution of the then new combination, Cotyledon elizae should be given as “(A.Berger) A.Berger in Hamet (1910a: 23) ” because it was clearly made in the German text provided by Berger. In fact, Hamet did not agree with Berger’s reclassification (discussed above, under ‘Results’). The author attribution of this combination is sometimes given as “ A.Berger ex Raym.-Hamet”.</p><p>Nomenclatural notes on Cotyledon insignis and Kalanchoe insignis:—The nomenclature and taxonomy of C. insignis and K. insignis were discussed by Smith (2023: 274–275).</p><p>Nomenclatural notes on Kalanchoe laurensii:— A single specimen, J. T. Last s.n., that was collected in 1887 at Namuli, Makua Country, Mozambique (see O’Neil 1882 and Vincent 1933 on Namuli in Mozambique), was cited by Raymond-Hamet (1916: 81) when he described K. laurensii, which was named for a medical practitioner, Dr Laurens, “[...] médecin-chef du Centre Oto Rhino-Laringologique de la 4 e Région.” (Smith &amp; Figueiredo 2023: 218). We concur with Fernandes (1983: 56) that J. T. Last s.n. is the holotype of the name K. laurensii .</p><p>Description:—Perennial, few- to many-leaved, unbranched or sparsely branched from base, glabrous succulent, to 1.8 m tall when in flower. Stems 1 to few, 0.2–1.5 m tall, generally robust, basally 20–40(–60) mm in diam., erect to slightly leaning, tapering upwards, reddish brown or pale green, then reddish-infused, often ± leafless at flowering. Roots somewhat fleshy. Leaves 70–220 × 30–120 mm, decussate, light to mid-green to yellowish green, with a slight sheen; petiole to 15 mm long; blade succulent, broadly obovate or suborbicular to oblong, obovate-spathulate to spathulate above, then sessile, ± flat to curved upwards towards margin; apex rounded or obtuse at the tip; base rounded, tapering to broad petiole to subcuneate to attenuate into petiole-like, flat base; margins subcrenate to undulate to entire, midrib somewhat depressed above, slightly prominent below. Inflorescence cymose, (80–)100–280(–300) × 120–300(–400) mm, cymes carried panicle-like, terminal, pyramidal in outline, open to rather dense, branches dEcuSSatE, dIvaRIcatE, fLoWERING IN uppER ½–⅓; peduncle stout; pedicels 4–18 mm long, thickening towards base of flower. Flowers zygomorphic, mouth upcurved; calyx consisting of four sepals, campanulate, shed with corolla; sepals 2.5–8.0(–10.0) mm long, dark red, basally fused for 1.5–3.0 mm, broadly triangular to broader than long to lanceolate, then slightly longer than broad, sinuses broad, acute-tipped, apiculate; corolla consisting of four petals, 30–50(–55) mm long; corolla tube 20–40(–45) mm long, dark yellow to orange to reddish, broadest just above base, tapering upwards to middle, subcylindrical, slightly curved upwards, obscurely 4-angled; corolla lobes 10–16 × 4–6(–7) mm, yellowish orange to light red abaxially, yellowish-green, light reddish-infused adaxially, recurved, lanceolate to ovate-oblong, somewhat asymmetrical towards apex, apiculate. Stamens inserted in two ranks at ± middle of corolla tube; filaments flimsy, slightly curved; anthers 1.5–2.0 mm long, dark red, oblong to ovate, well exserted. Carpels 10–13(–15) mm long, tapering into the styles; styles 15–25(–30) mm long, filiform, visible at mouth to usually exserted; stigmas very slightly capitate, visible at mouth of flower; nectar scales 1.5–6.0 mm long, apically bilobed to truncate. Follicles not recorded. Seed not recorded. Chromosome number: unknown.</p><p>Distribution:— Kalanchoe elizae occurs in Malawi (see for example Strugnell 2006) and Mozambique. In the case of Mozambique, Silva et al. (2004: 50) lists the species under the synonym K. laurensii (see ‘ Nomenclature and taxonomy of Kalanchoe elizae and its synonyms’, above). However, more recently Odorico et al. (2022: supplementary material) listed K. elizae as one of the kalanchoes that occur in Mozambique.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E51687EADF18FFFB0BE66D6822F7FEED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Smith, Gideon F.	Smith, Gideon F. (2025): The taxonomy and nomenclature of Kalanchoe elizae (Crassulaceae subfam. Cotyledonoideae) from south-tropical Africa, and its heterotypic synonyms. Phytotaxa 701 (1): 41-55, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.701.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.701.1.3
