identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
FB702025FFEBFFA0FF24A98B25385102.text	FB702025FFEBFFA0FF24A98B25385102.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Evania appendigaster (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Evania appendigaster (Linnaeus, 1758)</p><p>Evania affinis Le Guillou, 1841</p><p>Evania cubae Guérin-Méneville, 1844</p><p>Evania desjardinsi Blanchard, 1840</p><p>Evania laevigata Olivier, 1792</p><p>Evania peringueyi Cameron, 1906</p><p>Evania unicolor Say, 1824</p><p>Ichneumon appendigaster Linnaeus, 1758</p><p>Ichneumon niger Goeze, 1780</p><p>Material studied: PORTUGAL •C23481; 1♂; Madeira Island, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.911703&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.653625" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.911703/lat 32.653625)">Funchal</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.911703&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.653625" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.911703/lat 32.653625)">Santa Luzia</a>; 32°39’13.05”N, 16°54’42.13”W; 60m a.s.l.; 03.VII.2015; M.Gouveia leg. • C24782; 1♂; Madeira Island, Funchal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.90829&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.648247" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.90829/lat 32.648247)">Sé</a>; 32°38’53.68”N, 16°54’29.85”W; 28 m a.s.l.; 25.XII.2022; G. Gomes leg. • ICLAM05949; 1♀; Madeira Island, Funchal, indoors in <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.908834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.647434" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.908834/lat 32.647434)">Rua da Alfândega</a>; 32.647435, -16.908835; 23 m a.s.l.; 25.VIII.2014; F. Aguiar leg. • cFA794; 1♀, Madeira Island, Sítio da Ribeira; 14.X.1993; F. Aguiar. leg. • MMF50290; 1♂; Madeira Island, Funchal, indoors in <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.9121&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.64958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.9121/lat 32.64958)">Museu de História Natural do Funchal</a>; 32.649580, -16.912099; 40 m a.s.l.; 09.VIII.2016; R. Paz leg. • MMF50291; 1♂; Madeira Island, Funchal, indoors in <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.9121&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.64958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.9121/lat 32.64958)">Museu de História Natural do Funchal</a>; 32.649580, -16.912099; 40 m a.s.l.; 20.VIII.2004; J. Silva leg. • MMF50292; 1♀; Madeira Island, Funchal, indoors in <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.9121&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.64958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.9121/lat 32.64958)">Museu de História Natural do Funchal</a>; 32.649580, -16.912099; 40 m a.s.l.; 15.IX.2005; J. Silva leg. • MMF50293; 1♂; Madeira Island, Funchal, indoors in <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.9121&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.64958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.9121/lat 32.64958)">Museu de História Natural do Funchal</a>; 32.649580, -16.912099; 40 m a.s.l.; 14.VII.2006; Y. Gonçalves leg. • MMF50294; 1♂; Madeira Island, Funchal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.913021&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.649315" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.913021/lat 32.649315)">Rua da Mouraria</a>; 32.649314, -16.913021; 38 m a.s.l.; 1.XI.2005; Y. Gonçalves leg. • MMF50295; 1♂; Madeira Island, Funchal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.913021&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.649315" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.913021/lat 32.649315)">Rua da Mouraria</a>; 32.649314, -16.913021; 38 m a.s.l.; 19.VIII.2021; C. Alves leg. • MMF50296; 1♀; Madeira Island, Funchal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.909042&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.650246" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.909042/lat 32.650246)">Rua</a> dos <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.909042&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.650246" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.909042/lat 32.650246)">Ferreiros</a>; 32.650247, -16.909043; 34 m a.s.l.; 2019; C. Matos leg. • MMF24927; 1♀; Madeira Island, Funchal; 17.IX.1991. • MMF23390; 1♂; Madeira <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.925623&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.64289" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.925623/lat 32.64289)">Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.925623&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.64289" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.925623/lat 32.64289)">Funchal</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.925623&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.64289" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.925623/lat 32.64289)">Rua Dr. Pita</a>; 32.642892, -16.925623; 80 m a.s.l.; 06.XII.1982; A. Zino leg.</p><p>SPAIN • cFA-1775; 1♀; Canary Islands, Lanzarote, Puerto del Carmen; 09.VIII.1998; F. Aguiar leg.</p><p>Morphological features: Evania appendigaster is characterized by a black body (Fig. 1, a-g), a smooth and shiny face with sparse punctuation (Fig. 1b), a smooth petiole (Fig. 1g), a shiny gaster (Fig. 1g), a band of very small hairs on each abdominal tergite and wings with seven closed cells (Fig. 1f) (Cassar &amp; Mifsud 2020).</p><p>This species exhibits significant intraspecific variation, as highlighted by Fox et al. (2012) and Kazmi et al. (2022). Descriptions of this species have been done multiple times from material of various geographical regions. However, these descriptions often rely on limited and differing morphological characteristics, leading to challenges in accurate identification (Kazmi et al. 2022). The variation in color pattern has also been a contributing factor to misidentifications, with some of these color morphs incorrectly treated as separate species. Additionally, the presence of sexual dimorphism further complicates the identification process. Sexual dimorphism is observed in various features, including antennal morphology, body coloration, facial features, and metasomal structure (Deans 2005).</p><p>Distribution notes: Evania appendigaster exhibits a wide distribution, covering all biogeographic regions except polar areas. Its presence is documented across various continents, including Australia, Asia (excluding Eastern Russia), Africa, the Americas, and Europe. In Europe, this species is found from Greece and Turkey to Sweden (Deans 2005). Within Macaronesia, it stands as the most frequently recorded species (Fig. 3).</p><p>The Biota platform (Gobierno de Canarias 2025) indicates the widespread occurrence of this species in all the Canary Islands, with the highest number of records on Gran Canaria (21 records) (Table 1, Fig. 3). In the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF 2025), there are 109 records from the Canary Islands, with the first record dating back to 2001. Furthermore, it includes five recent records for Madeira Island, one in October 2022, two in May and October 2023, and two in February and March 2024. Additionally, it reports four records from the Cape Verde Archipelago in 2022 and 2024, from the islands of São Vicente (one records), Sal (two records), and Santiago (one record).</p><p>Biology notes: Evania appendigaster inhabits predominantly in urban environments, where its preferred hosts Periplaneta spp. are present (Stange 1978, Fox &amp; Bressan-Nascimento 2006). In Madeira, the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus, 1758), is particularly common, but Blatta orientalis (Linnaeus, 1758) is also present (Table 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB702025FFEBFFA0FF24A98B25385102	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Silva, Hugo Miguel;Franquinho Aguiar, António M.;Gonçalves, Ysabel Margarita;Gomes, Gonçalo;Aguín-Pombo, Dora	Silva, Hugo Miguel, Franquinho Aguiar, António M., Gonçalves, Ysabel Margarita, Gomes, Gonçalo, Aguín-Pombo, Dora (2025): A review of the ensign wasps (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae) from Macaronesia. Zootaxa 5653 (2): 263-274, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5653.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5653.2.6
FB702025FFEFFFA1FF24A875259B5450.text	FB702025FFEFFFA1FF24A875259B5450.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zeuxevania splendidula (Costa 1884)	<div><p>Zeuxevania splendidula (Costa, 1884)</p><p>Evania dinarca Schletterer, 1886</p><p>Evania dinarica Schletterer, 1886</p><p>Evania splendidula Costa, 1884</p><p>Zeuxevania dinarca (Schletterer, 1886)</p><p>Material studied: PORTUGAL • ICLAM05947; 1♀; Madeira Island, Santana, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.885677&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.82433" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.885677/lat 32.82433)">Achada do Gramacho</a>; 32.824329, -16.885678; 270 m a.s.l; 14.VIII.2015; C. Brazão leg.; On: yellow sticky-trap on vineyard • ICLAM05948; 1♀; Madeira Island, Santana, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-16.885677&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.82433" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -16.885677/lat 32.82433)">Achada do Gramacho</a>; 32.824329, -16.885678; 270 m a.s.l; 14.VIII.2015; C. Brazão leg.; On: yellow sticky-trap on vineyard .</p><p>Morphological features: Zeuxevania splendidula is distinguished by its black body (Fig. 2 a-e) while the tibiae and tarsi (Fig. 2h), and sections of the antennae (Fig. 2 a-c) show an oxblood color (Cassar &amp; Mifsud 2020). The face exhibits noticeable punctuation (Fig. 2 a-c), except for the clypeus. The petiole displays heavy punctuation (Fig. 2g).</p><p>Distribution notes: This species is presumed to be of Mediterranean origin. It has been reported from southern European countries, including France, Italy, Croatia, Spain, Portugal, and Greece (Žikic et al. 2016, Cassar &amp; Mifsud 2020), and extends its presence to North Africa, including Egypt and Tunisia. However, its habitat extends beyond the Mediterranean, as it is known to inhabit tropical and southern African regions such as Congo, Madagascar, Mozambique, and Tanzania (Deans 2005). Additional records indicate its occurrence in China, where it is possibly a recent introduction (Li &amp; Xu 2017).</p><p>Biology notes: It is found in areas characterized by abundant leaf litter and dead wood bark (de la Cuesta-Santiago &amp; Zaragoza 2017), although it is not very commonly observed (del Castillo 1983, Žikic et al. 2016). The species is reported to be a parasite of Loboptera decipiens (Germar, 1817), a species present in all the islands of the Madeira Archipelago (Table 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB702025FFEFFFA1FF24A875259B5450	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Silva, Hugo Miguel;Franquinho Aguiar, António M.;Gonçalves, Ysabel Margarita;Gomes, Gonçalo;Aguín-Pombo, Dora	Silva, Hugo Miguel, Franquinho Aguiar, António M., Gonçalves, Ysabel Margarita, Gomes, Gonçalo, Aguín-Pombo, Dora (2025): A review of the ensign wasps (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae) from Macaronesia. Zootaxa 5653 (2): 263-274, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5653.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5653.2.6
FB702025FFE1FFAEFF24ADD721FF52F8.text	FB702025FFE1FFAEFF24ADD721FF52F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Evaniidae Latreille 1802	<div><p>Identification key to the genera of Evaniidae of Macaronesia</p><p>The identification key is for adults and includes the genus Brachygaster, although it is not present in Macaronesia.</p><p>1 Fore wings with 3 closed cells (Fig. 4A).................................................... Brachygaster Leach</p><p>- Fore wings with more than 3 closed cells (Fig. 4A)........................................................... 2</p><p>2(1) Fore wings with 6 closed cells (Fig. 4B)..................................................... Zeuxevania Kieffer</p><p>- Fore wings with 7 closed cells (Fig. 4B)................................................................... 3</p><p>3(2) Mandibles with three teeth (Fig. 4C); pronotum with a transverse ridge (Fig. 4D); distance between mid and hind coxa approximately equal to the distance between fore and mid coxa (Fig. 4E)........................... Prosevania Kieffer</p><p>- Mandibles with two teeth (Fig. 4C); pronotum without a transverse ridge (Fig. 4D); distance between mid and hind coxa half or less the distance between fore and mid coxa (Fig. 4E).......................................... Evania Fabricius</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB702025FFE1FFAEFF24ADD721FF52F8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Silva, Hugo Miguel;Franquinho Aguiar, António M.;Gonçalves, Ysabel Margarita;Gomes, Gonçalo;Aguín-Pombo, Dora	Silva, Hugo Miguel, Franquinho Aguiar, António M., Gonçalves, Ysabel Margarita, Gomes, Gonçalo, Aguín-Pombo, Dora (2025): A review of the ensign wasps (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae) from Macaronesia. Zootaxa 5653 (2): 263-274, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5653.2.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5653.2.6
