Genus Macrophyllodromia Saussure and Zehnter, 1893

Type of genus: Pseudophyllodromia maximiliani Saussure, 1873 .

Diagnosis. The genus Macrophyllodromia consisting of relatively large cockroaches (about 20 mm length) with a broad, dark longitudinal band on the head stretching from interocular field to labrum (absent in M. nigrigena Hebard and M. nobile Anisyutkin) and a pair of dark longitudinal bands on the pronotum (very modified in M. multimaculata Lopes & Oliveira). Males without pheromonal tergal gland on abdomen, subgenital plate asymmetrical with obvious protrusions. Tegmina and wings in both sexes fully developed.

Distribution: Central and South America.

The genus Macrophyllodromia shows close relationship to Latiblattella Hebard, 1917, Antitheton Hebard, 1919, and Eurylestes Hebard, 1940 (after Rocha e Silva Albuquerque 1962).

Macrophyllodromia onorei Vidli č ka, sp. n. Figs. 1 a–e, 2a

Type material. Holotype male, Ecuador, Otongachi reserve, 00°19'15"S; 78°57'06"W, near the village of La Union del Toachi, 33 km E of Santo Domingo de los Colorados, elev. ca 850 m, piedmont evergreen woodland, 19–25 September 2009, Ľ. Vidlička & M. Kozánek leg., deposited at the Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, Slovakia.

Description. General colour of body yellowish brown (Fig. 1 a).

Head with occiput pale, epicranium and vertex mostly black, but vertex over the ocelli with narrow irregular transverse yellow strip. Face yellow with broad longitudinal black band continued to labral suture. On clypeus band brown, but distinct. Genae black. Eyes and ocellar spots (fenestrae) yellowish. Maxillary palps yellowish, last joint brownish (Fig. 1 b). Antennae brownish, tenuous, longer than whole body.

Pronotum widest in caudal third. Two black longitudinal bands (widest caudally) beginning on front margin, not reaching hind margin of pronotum. Sides of pronotum yellowish translucent, with scattered fine but visible dark dots (Fig. 2 a). Tegmina and wings fully developed, folded and overlapping apex of abdomen. Veins reddish brown. Anal fields of forewings with eight anal veins, first vein with four rami. Interveinal areas in anal fields of forewings with narrow yellow stripes. Legs yellow, apical part of tibiae and tarsal segments on all legs black (Fig. 1 c). Tarsal joints with large distal pulvilli. Tarsal claws simple, unspecialized, between them well developed arolia with bilobed distal end. Antero-ventral margin of front femur armed with 18 heavy spines of type A (sensu Bey- Bienko 1950, Roth 2003).

Abdominal dorsal surface unspecialised. Supra-anal plate short, triangular, bilobed at apex (Fig. 1 d). Cerci elongated, composed of 15 distinctly separated segments (Figs. 1 d, e). Subgenital plate strongly asymmetrical and of complicated design (Fig. 1 e). Apical part divided into three protrusions. Protrusion on left side (LP) forming two large projections, the first extending straight back as a large, sharp horn with finely bifurcate apex (LP1), the second extending to the right as a very long, narrow rod-like sclerite (LP2), partly enclosed by small central growth (CG), and ending just right in deep groove of mitten-like right protrusion (RP) (Figs 1 e, 3a). Styli completely absent, protrusions apparently only representing projections of the subgenital plate.

Measurements. Holotype (mm): length of body 20.7, length of pronotum 4.4, width of pronotum 7, length of tegmen 21.4, width of tegmen 6.4.

Etymology. This new cockroach species named in honour of Professor Giovanni Onore, missionary, entomologist and President of the Otonga Foundation in Ecuador.

Differential diagnosis. Macrophyllodromia onorei sp. n. is similar to M. panamae in the length of the dark longitudinal bands of the pronotum (bands not reaching posterior margin of pronotum) but not in their form (Figs. 2 a, 2b). Structure of the subgenital plate is also similar in both species, but the central growth (CG) is markedly shorter in M. onorei (Figs. 3 a, 3b). The new species is similar to M. ecuadorana, M. nigrigena, M. nobile and M. amabile in the coloration of the pronotum (Figs. 2 c, 2d, 2e, 2j), but it is easily distinguishable from all those species in the presence and form of the dark longitudinal band on the face ( nigrigena and nobile have the whole face dark; see Figs. 2 d, 2e) interrupted with a narrow pale transversal strip over the ocelli. In M. ecuadorana and M. amabile this band is without interruption (Figs. 2 c, 2j).

Survey and distribution of Macrophyllodromia species (Fig. 4)

1. Macrophyllodromia maximiliani (Saussure, 1873)

Mexico, 1 male (Saussure 1873); Guatemala, 1 male, Dept. Petén, near Lake Eckibix (=Laguna Oquevix, located on the savanna about 40 km south of town Flores) (Rocha e Silva Albuquerque 1962); Honduras, 1 male, 3 females, Guaimas Dist., Tela (Rocha e Silva Albuquerque 1962); Costa Rica, 1 male, intercepted at San Francisco, USA (Rocha e Silva Albuquerque 1962); Panama, 1 female, Barro Colorado Island (Hebard 1933); 1 male, Barro Colorado Island; 1 male, 1 female, intercepted at San Francisco, USA (Rocha e Silva Albuquerque 1962); 1 male, Barro Colorado Island (Roth & Naskrecki 2001).

2. Macrophyllodromia splendida Hebard, 1920

Panama, 2 males, Porto Bello (=Portobelo) (Hebard 1920); 1 female, Barro Colorado Island (Hebard 1933).

3. Macrophyllodromia nigrigena Hebard, 1926

French Guiana, 1 male, 1 female, St Jean du Maroni; 1 female, St. Laurent du Maroni (Hebard 1926); Guyana, 2 males, 1 juv. male, 1 female, Distr. Bartica, Kartabo (Hebard 1926); Suriname, 1 male, Coppename (Bruijning 1959); Bolivia, 1 female, Tumupasa (Rocha e Silva Albuquerque 1962)

4. Macrophyllodromia ecuadorana Rocha e Silva Albuquerque, 1962.

Ecuador, 1 male, Guayaquil, intercepted at San Diego, USA; 2 males, 4 females, 1 nymph, intercepted in USA (Rocha e Silva Albuquerque 1962); Honduras?, 1 male, intercepted at New Orleans, USA (Rocha e Silva Albuquerque 1962).

5. Macrophyllodromia panamae Rocha e Silva Albuquerque, 1962 Panama, 1 male, Barro Colorado Island (Rocha e Silva Albuquerque 1962); 1 male, Barro Colorado Island (Roth & Naskrecki 2001).

6. Macrophyllodromia lanceolata Lopes & Oliveira, 2006

Brazil, 8 males, Acre, Senador Guiomard, Reserva Catuaba (Lopes & Oliveira 2006).

7. Macrophyllodromia multipunctata Lopes & Oliveira, 2006

Brazil, 1 male, Acre, Senador Guiomard, Reserva Catuaba (Lopes & Oliveira 2006).

8. Macrophyllodromia amabile Anisyutkin, 2007

Ecuador, 1 male, 1 female, env. of waterfall San Rafael on Rio Coca, forest, 95 km E of city Quito (Anisyutkin 2007).

Key to males of Macrophyllodromia (species groups and species).

1. Caudal end of subgenital plate with two distinctly separated protrusions..........................................2

- Left and right protrusions on the caudal end of subgenital plate slightly asymmetrical, separated only with narrow groove (Fig. 3 h); two pronotal bands fused at the caudal margin (Fig. 2 h) ( splendida group).......................... M.splendida

2. Right protrusion outward rotated (Figs. 3 i, 3j) ( amabile group).................................................. 3

- Right protrusion inward rotated (Figs. 3 a– 3g) ( maximiliani group)............................................... 4

3. Left protrusion comb-like (Fig. 3 i), two black longitudinal bands on pronotum parallel, on posterior margin markedly expanded (Fig. 2 i)......................................................................... .. M. lanceolata

- Left protrusion compact (Fig. 3 j), black longitudinal bands on pronotum convergent towards anterior margin of pronotum (Fig. 2 j)........................................................................................ M. amabile

4. Right protrusion straight, on left stylus a small leftward protrusion (Fig. 3 g); tegmen with row of dark, obvious spots................................................................................................ M. maximiliani

- Right protrusion moderately but visibly curved (Figs. 3 a–3f); tegmen without spots................................. 5

5. Interior part of left protrusion (LP2) curved toward right stylus, marginal part (LP1) short and straight (Figs. 3 e, 3f)........ 6

- Interior part of left protrusion (LP2) narrow, transverse; marginal part (LP1) obviously curved inward or its tip cuspidate and bent (Figs. 3 a–3d)..................................................................................... 7

6. Protrusions RP and LP2 equally tapering (Fig. 3 e); dark bands on pronotum obvious (Fig. 2 e); most of facial part of head dark (Fig. 2 e)...................................................................................... M. nobile

- Protrusions RP and LP2 thick, tapered only on last third (Fig. 3 f); pronotum with intricate dark mosaic not in band-like form (Fig. 2 f)............................................................................... M. multipunctata

7. Protrusion LP1 wholly curved inward (Fig. 3 d); facial part of head dark (Fig. 2 d); two pronotal longitudinal bands briefly separated at the caudal margin (Fig. 2 d)............................................................. M. nigrigena

- Protrusion LP1 pointed, straight or the tip distinctly curved, facial part of head with longitudinal dark band; pronotal longitudinal bands widely separated at the caudal end............................................................... 8

8. Central growth (CG) not at all overlapping protrusion LP2 (Fig. 3 c); extended caudal end of pronotal dark bands reaching posterior margin of pronotom (Fig. 2 c)........................................................... M. ecuadorana

- Central growth (CG) overlapping protrusion LP2 at least partially; caudal end of pronotal dark bands not reaching posterior margin of pronotum.................................................................................... 9

9. Central growth (CG) very long, completely overlapping central part of LP2 (Fig. 3 b); pronotal longitudinal bands relatively narrow with smooth margins (Fig. 2 b); facial part of head with uninterrupted longitudinal dark band (Fig. 2 b).. M. panamae

- Central growth (CG) only slightly protuberant, partially overlapping central part of LP2 (Fig. 3 a); pronotal longitudinal bands wide with indented margins (Fig. 2 a); facial part of head with longitudinal dark band on facial part of head with transverse light stripe over ocellar spots (Fig. 2 a)......................................................... M. onorei sp. n.

Notes. In only five of Macrophyllodromia species have females been described. Several unnamed females also have been reported. Anisyutkin (2007) mentioned 4 females from 3 various localities in Ecuador. They probably represent at least two different species, but their assignment to the known species was not possible at that time. Roth & Naskrecki (2001) also mentioned an unknown female (probably a new species) from Costa Rica.

The transverse light stripe over the ocellar spots is characteristic for females of M. amabile and also some unnamed females from Rio Aguarico, Ecuador (Anisyutkin 2007). Macrophyllodromia onorei is the first species found in which the male has a strong transverse stripe over the ocellar spots.

Acknowledgements

The study was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency (APVV) using financial support no. APVV-0213- 10. I thank Dr. Giovanni Onore for his all-round assistance in Ecuador, Dr. Ladislav Roller and Dr. Juraj Majtan for valuable comments.

References

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