Neacanista tuberculipenne Gressitt, 1940

(Figures 1–14)

Neacanista tuberculipenne Gressitt, 1940: 182 (type locality: “Tai-tsing-lam-ts'uen, near Loi Mother Mountain, central Hainan, South China ”); Gressitt 1951: 519 (catalogue); Breuning 1978: 39 (redescription); Hua 1982: 99 (catalogue); Hua, Nara & Yu 1993: 285, pl. XXI, fig. 330a (female, holotype); Hua 2002: 218 (catalogue); Hua, Nara, Samuelson & Lingafelter 2009: 95, pl. XCV, fig. 1092 (female, holotype); Löbl & Smetana 2010: 210 (catalogue); Lin 2014: 128, figs 46 & 47 (female).

Biological notes. Male specimens can be collected by light trap at night (Mr. Ming Jin, personal communication). A male specimen from South China (Hainan) was collected by the second author by sieving fallen leaves during daytime, which may indicate that this species hides in the leaf litter to protect itself from natural enemies. According to all records of this species, this species can be collected from April to November.

Type specimens examined. Holotype: male (SYSU), Hainan Is., South China., Tai-tsing-lam-ts’uen, back of Loi mo-ling (Mt. range), Ting-an, Dist. June 13–16. 1935. F. K. To. (printed on a rectangular brownish white label in black ink)/ HOLOTYPE, NEACANISTA TUBERCULIPENNE, J.L. Gressitt (“ HOLOTYPE ” and “J.L. Gressitt” printed and “ TUBERCULIPENNE ” handwriting on a rectangular red label in black ink)/ ffi "⋏+ ♀, Neacanista tuberculipenne Gress., Affi ⋏:ϔZφ 1982 (“ ffi"⋏+ ♀, Neacanista tuberculipenne Gress. ” and “1982” handwritten by Li-Zhong Hua and “Affi⋏:ϔZφ” printed on a rectangular white label with black border in black ink, “ffi"⋏+” is the Chinese name of Neacanista tuberculipenne, “Affi⋏” means identifier, “ϔZφ” is Chinese name of the identifier Li-Zhong Hua).

Additional specimens examined. 1 male (CMJC, Figs 9–14), CHINA: Mingfeng Valley, Jiangfengling, Hainan, alt. 980m, 16–20. IV. 2012, Ming Jin leg., light trap; 1 male (CBLC), CHINA: Mingfeng Valley, Jiangfengling, Hainan, alt. 1020m, 22. V. 2012, Bin Liu leg.

Distribution. China (Chongqing, Hainan, Yunnan).

Remarks. Originally, Gressitt (1940) thought the sex of the holotype of Neacanista tuberculipenne might be female, however, Li-Zhong Hua treated it as a female (Fig. 8). After examining the holotype and comparing it with a male specimen (Figs 9–14) from Hainan, the first author determined the holotype was a male. Gressitt (1940) described this species as having inferior lobes of eyes extending 3/5 distance from antennal insertions to bases of mandibles, but Breuning (1978) redescribed this species with lower lobes of eyes 2.5 times longer than height of genae. Actually, it is easy to see that the lower lobes of eyes of this species are not 2.5 longer than height of genae (e.g., Fig. 6), so Breuning must have made a mistake.