Genus Embolemus Westwood, 1833

(Figs 1–5, 10, 11)

Embolemus Westwood 1833: 444; Walker 1837: 411, 430; Förster 1856: 94; Kieffer in Kieffer et Marshall 1906: 470; Kieffer 1914: 294; Berland 1928: 172; Brues 1933: 113; Richards 1936: 170; 1937: 119; 1939: 294; Muesebeck & Walkley 1951: 1043; Bouček 1957: 333; Hirashima & Yamagishi 1975: 26; J.F. Perkins 1976: 2; De Santis & Vidal Sarmiento 1977: 3; Krombein 1979: 1251; Bürgis 1987: 12; Hilpert 1989: 263; Belokobylskij 1990: 65; 1995:176; Olmi 1996: 110; 1997: 137; Belokobylskij & Lelej 2012: 398; Xu et al. 2012a: 1117; Olmi et al. 2014a: 98; 2014b: 11.

Myrmecomorphus Westwood 1833: 496; type species Myrmecomorphus rufescens Westwood 1833, by monotypy; Kieffer 1914: 223. Synonymized by Richards 1939.

Polyplanus Nees von Esenbeck 1834: 349 (probable synonymy); type species Polyplanus sickershusanus Nees 1834, by monotypy (the types of Nees von Esenbeck are lost: this synonymy cannot be checked).

Embolimus Agassiz 1846: 137 (emendation); Marshall 1873: 7. Unavailable name according to Art. 33.3 of ICZN (1999).

Formila de Romand 1846: XXXII; type species Formila chevrolatii de Romand 1846, by monotypy. Synonymized by Muesebeck & Walkley 1951.

Pedinomma Förster 1856: 94, type species Pedinomma rufescens (Westwood 1833), by monotypy; Marshall 1873: 8; Kieffer in Kieffer et Marshall 1906: 467; Berland 1928: 171. Synonymized by Richards 1939.

Type species. Embolemus ruddii Westwood, 1833, by monotypy.

Diagnosis. Female: usually micropterous (Fig. 8), occasionally brachypterous; head with dorsal side flat; maxillary palpi 3- or 5-segmented; labial palpi 2-segmented; third segment of maxillary palpi broadened; ocelli absent or much reduced; first antenna geniculated; antennal segment much longer than segment 3; pronotum without or with track of median longitudinal furrow; scutellum subcircular; metanotum short and transverse; tibial spurs 1/2/2. Male: fully winged (Fig. 11); fore wing usually with CC, BC, SBC, 1DC cells enclosed by pigmented veins; 1SDC cell open; 1DC cell occasionally open; maxillary palpi 4- or 6-segmented; labial palpi 2- or 3- segmented; third segment of maxillary palpi broadened; region of face from clypeus to antennal toruli with two very convergent longitudinal and median sutures; ocelli distinct; head with dorsal side swollen; antenna not geniculated; first antennal segment shorter or slightly longer than segment 3; tibial spurs 1/2/2.

Distribution. Worldwide.

Hosts. Nymphs of Cixiidae (Varrone & Olmi 2012) .

World species. Thirty-four species are known (including one putative fossil species in Baltic amber), seven in Japan and two in Russian Far East.