Key for females of Psychoda from Brazil

1 Radial fork incomplete (Fig. 28); genital digit always present, originating from the center or base of subgenital plate (Figs. 30, 70)................................................................................................. 2

- Radial fork complete (Fig. 5); genital digit, when present, originating from the center, never from the base, of subgenital plate (Figs. 22, 96)........................................................................................ 5

2 Subgenital plate longer than wide, lobe apices separated by more than 1/3 the width of subgenital plate; genital digit small (Fig. 30); distitarsus with apical projection (Fig. 29); 2nd and 3rd palpal segments subequal in length, 4th segment 1.6–1.7 times the length of 1st.................................................................................. 3

- Subgenital plate nearly 1.5 times wider than long, lobe apices separated by less than 1/3 the width of subgenital plate; genital digit large (Fig. 70); distitarsus without apical projection (Fig. 60); 2nd palpal segment longer than 3rd, 4th segment 1.2–1.4 times the length of 1st.................................................................................. 4

3 Internal ornamentation of subgenital plate chalice-shaped (Fig. 31).................................. P. litotes Quate

- Internal ornamentation of subgenital plate with a semi-circular structure at the base of the genital digit, and a thin and small structure lateral to the digit (Fig. 35)........................................................ P. zetoscota Quate

4 Genital chamber without posterior apodeme; subgenital plate with a round apical concavity and internally with a large digit originating from the base, with lateral sclerotized structures (Fig. 69)............................ P. complexa sp. nov.

- Genital chamber with a large posterior apodeme, ending in T posteriorly; subgenital plate with apical concavity in V and internally with a large digit originating from the center of the subgenital plate, and membranous internal ornamentation (Fig. 61)...................................................................................... P. bahiensis sp. nov.

5 Subgenital plate trilobed (Fig. 157)..................................................... P. trilobatula sp. nov.

- Subgenital plate bilobed (Fig. 13)........................................................................ 6

6 Pilosity of subgenital plate restricted to the lobes (Fig. 104).................................................... 7

- Pilosity of subgenital plate not restricted to the lobes, distributed over the surface of the plate or on its distal half (Fig. 13, 87)................................................................................................... 10

7 Antenna with 14 flagellomeres; ascoids in Y, with well-developed branches (Fig. 98); vein apices (wing) without infuscation; genital digit present.................................................................................... 9

- Antenna with 13 flagellomeres; ascoids in Y, with short branches; vein apices (wing) infuscate; genital digit absent........ 8

8 Subgenital plate V-shaped................................................................... P. alternata Say

- Subgenital plate Y-shaped, with base expanded laterally....................................... P. alternicula Quate

9 Subgenital plate with concave lateral margins and 4–5 setae on internal margin of apical lobes (Fig. 148) P. speculata sp. nov.

- Subgenital plate with convex lateral margins and lobes with more than 5 setae, distributed randomly on the lobe (Fig. 104)..................................................................................... P. paranaensis sp. nov.

10 Frontoclypeal suture present (Fig. 1); distitarsus always without apical projection................................. 11

- Frontoclypeal suture absent (Fig. 44); distitarsus with or without apical projection................................. 13

11 Genital digit present; hair patch of vertex divided by a median naked band (Fig. 9).................................................................................................... P. dantilandensis Bravo, Cordeiro & Chagas

- Genital digit absent; hair patch of vertex not divided (Fig. 1).................................................. 12

12 Subgenital plate with semicircular apical concavity and setae homogeneously distributed; posterior apodeme of genital cham- ber with acute apex (Fig. 95)....................................................... P. matogrossensis sp. nov.

- Subgenital plate with subrectangular apical concavity and setae absent on a well-delimited baso-lateral region; posterior apo- deme of genital chamber ending in T (Fig. 7)................................................. P. buxoides Quate

13 Female terminalia reduced, cerci and subgenital plate reduced; genital digit absent....... P. amazonensis Cordeiro & Bravo

- Female terminalia normal, cerci and subgenital plate well developed; genital digit present........................... 14

14 Distitarsus without apical projection.................................................................... 15

- Distitarsus with apical projection........................................................................ 18

15 Basal band of subgenital plate projecting medially as an inverted V (Fig. 138)...................... P. silvensis sp. nov.

- Basal band of subgenital plate not as above............................................................... 16

16 Antenna with 13 flagellomeres, 12th reduced, sometimes represented only by the spine; subgenital plate internally with a pair of rosette-shaped structures............................................................. P. savaiiensis Edwards

- Antenna with 14 flagellomeres; subgenital plate internally without a rosette structure............................... 17

17 Basal band of subgenital plate straight in dorsal view, with a thin posterior projection medially (Fig. 87)................................................................................................. P. ituberanensis sp. nov.

- Basal band of subgenital plate sinuous in dorsal view, without posterior projections (Fig. 33).......................................................................................... P. serraorobonensis Bravo, Cordeiro & Chagas

18 Eyes separated by 0.5 times the diameter of one facet, or less (Fig. 36); palpal formula: 1.0:0.8:0.8:1.0 (Fig. 38)......... 24

- Eyes separated by 1.0 times the diameter of one facet, or more (Fig. 71); palpal formula variable...................... 19

19 Subgenital plate subrectangular, a little wider than long, and with inconspicuous apical lobes (Fig. 77)...................................................................................................... P. concavula sp. nov.

- Subgenital plate not as above, apical lobes evident.......................................................... 20

20 Subgenital plate separated from its apical lobes by a conspicuous neck (Fig. 113)................ P. pedunculata sp. nov.

- Subgenital plate with no neck at the apical lobes............................................................ 21

21 Subgenital plate heart-shaped medially (Fig. 21); 12th and 13th flagellomeres fused, 14th flagellomere with spine (Fig. 16)..................................................................................................... 22

- Subgenital plate subrectangular or subtrapezoidal (Fig. 130); 12th and 13th flagellomeres separated or partially fused; 14th flagellomere without spine (Fig. 124).................................................................... 23

22 Base of subgenital plate projecting posteriorly on each side (Fig. 52)............................ P. atlantica sp. nov.

- Base of subgenital plate simple and straight (Fig. 21)........................................... P. laticaula Quate

23 Subgenital plate longer than wide (Fig. 130); apical flagellomeres separated (Fig. 124)............... P. serrana sp. nov.

- Subgenital plate wider than long; 12th and 13th flagellomeres partially fused................... P. divaricata Duckhouse

24 Apices of apical lobes of subgenital plate separated by more than 1/3 the width of the base of the subgenital plate; basal band of subgenital plate sinuous (Fig. 42)....................................................... P. talamanca Quate

- Apices of apical lobes of subgenital plate separated by less than 1/3 the width of the base of the subgenital plate; basal band of subgenital plate straight and with a small median projection (Fig. 21)........................... P. pentagona sp. nov.