Planiloricaria Isbruecker, 1971 ^ZBK.

Type species: Pseudohemiodon (Planiloricaria) cryptodon Isbruecker, 1971 ^ZBK.

Holotype: ZFMK 1865, Peru, Rio Ucayali drainage near Pucallpa .

Gender: feminine.

This monotypic genus is distributed in the upper Amazon basin, including the Ucayali, Purus, and Mamoré River drainages.

Planiloriaria inhabits sandy substrates in the main streams of large rivers (Evers & Seidel 2005). Reproductive ecology is unknown but could be reminiscent of those of other representatives of the Pseudohemiodon ^ZBK group. Evers & Seidel (2005) characterized sexual dimorphism by the shape of the genital area. The genital area in males is elongate and narrow compared with the large and roundish area of females. Planiloricaria ^ZBK shows derived features such as a reduction in size and number of teeth, premaxillary teeth absent, a circular head shape, and eyes reduced in size without iris operculum.