Neobisium (Neobisium) polonicum Rafalski, 1936

Neobisium (Neobisium) polonicum Rafalski, 1936: 119 .

Neobisium biharicum Beier: Novák 2013b: 162–163; Novák & Hörweg 278–284.

Neobisium polonicum: Červená et al. 2020a: 222, 225, 226.

Occurrence: Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine (WPC 2023), Hungary (Novák 2013b).

Known localities in Hungary: Csobánka: Macskabarlang Cave (Novák 2013b).

New data: nil.

Habitat preference: According to Beier (1963a), this species prefers humid microhabitats in forests, like moss, leaf litter, and beneath stones. In Slovakia, Jászayová & Jászay (2022) reported this species from primeval beech forest with silver fir and European spruce. Although this species is basically an epigean species, it occasionally also occures in caves (Ćurčić et al. 1993; Novák 2013b).

Remarks: Neobisium (N.) polonicum has been reported from a single cavernicolous location under the name Neobisium biharicum from Hungary (Novák 2013b). The inventory number of the specimen was missing from

Novák (2013b), which is included here: HNHM Pseud-1962: 1♀. Neobisium biharicum was recently synonymised with N. polonicum by Novák & Hörweg (2017). The Hungarian occurrence in Macskabarlang Cave of N. polonicum supports the assumption of Ćurčić et al. (1993), that this species was previously widespread throughout a larger area, and since then has become a relict form. Based on the available literatural data, this species seems to be restricted to cavernicolous habitats outside of its core area, e.g. the Bihar Mts and the Eastern and Northeastern Carpathians.