Epsilon and Ubirodynerus

Borsato (1994) described the genus Ubirodynerus, monotypic for the new species excavatus . He later (Borsato 2003: 511) synonymized Ubirodynerus with Epsilon de Saussure 1855 . The latter was first used as the name for a genus by Smith & Alcock (1980), for an unidentified species in an ethological study. That species is probably E. chartergiforme (Giordani Soika), based on locality, a species described in the genus Pseudepipona by Giordani Soika (1962 [1961]) and listed so by Cardale (1985), then transferred to Epsilon by Giordani Soika (1994). The genus name Epsilon is now in general use (e. g. Giordani Soika 1994; Borsato & Ratti 1999; Kumar et al. 2014; Selis 2017b; Zhang et al. 2020).