Genus Pararrhynchium de Saussure

Pararrhynchium de Saussure 1855: 173, division of genus Rhynchium Spinola.

Type species: Rynchium ornatum Smith 1852, by monotypy.

Prorhynchium de Saussure 1855: 174, division of genus Rhynchium Spinola.

Type species: Rhynchium smithii de Saussure 1855, by monotypy.

Prorrhynchium de Saussure 1856: 8 (Table des Matières), 348 (Index) (incorrect spelling of Prorhynchium de Saussure).

Pararhynchium de Saussure 1862: 182; Giordani Soika 1973b: 122; Giordani Soika 1986b: 77, 79; Giordani Soika 1986c: 141 (incorrect spelling of Pararrhynchium de Saussure).

Parrhynchium Dalla Torre 1894: 42 (subgenus of Rhynchium Spinola; incorrect spelling of Pararrhynchium de Saussure) [erroneously gives de Saussure 1862, as the first reference].

Lissodynerus Giordani Soika 1993b: 135, genus; reference to Lissodynerus Giordani Soika 1973, and Trichodynerus Giordani Soika & Kojima 1988 . NEW SYNONYMY.

Type species: Odynerus septemfasciatus Smith 1857, by original designation.

Note: Redescribed as a “new” genus by Giordani Soika 1994: 301.

Lissodynerus Giordani Soika 1973b: 119, used as generic name for Odynerus septemfasciatus var. feanus Giordani Soika 1941 . Unavailable under Article 13.1.1 of the Code. NEW SYNONYMY.

Trichodynerus Giordani Soika & Kojima 1988: 178, used as a generic name in the combination Trichodynerus agilis cursor Giordani Soika & Kojima 1988 . Unavailable under Article 13.1.1 of the Code. NEW SYNONYMY.

Taxonomy: van der Vecht 1963a: 94 (synonymy).— Giordani Soika 1994: 302–305 (key to Lissodynerus species).— Kim and Yamane, 2007: 64 ( Pararrhynchium cat.).— Kumar et al. 2015: 7667 ( Lissodynerus checklist).

Distribution: Primarily Oriental Region, with a few species in Australia and the Palearctic.

Ethology: No reports on the Australian species. Elsewhere species have been reported to nest in reeds or bamboo, and both mass and progressive provisioning are known.