Vespa fervida Smith, 1859

(Figs. 5–6, 26)

Vespa fervida, Smith, 1858: 23 .

Specimens examined. Sulawesi I.: North Sulawesi: 1 ♀ (IUNH), Tangkoko, Batuangus nature reserve [ca. 01˚32’N 125˚12’E], ca. 40 km east of Manado, 25.xi.1999, JK; 4 ♀ (IUNH), Lake Moat [ca. 00˚46’N 124˚27’E], 30.xi.1999, JK ; West Sulawesi: 1 ♀ (MZB), 02˚52’S 119˚22’E, alt. ca. 1.750 m, Mamasa, Gunung Gandang De-wata, 20.iv.2016, Sih Kahono; South East Sulawesi: 1 ♀ (MZB), Watu Wila [ca. 03˚45’S 121˚41’E], 20.x.1989, Sih Kahono; North Kolaka: 1 ♂ (MZB), 03˚38’S 121˚04’E, alt. ca. 100 m, Rante Angin, Tinukari, 12.viii.2009, RU et al.; 2 ♀ (MZB), 03˚64’S 121˚09’E, alt. ca. 400 m, Wawo, Tinukari, 26.vi.2010, RU et al.; 1 ♀, 1 ♂ (MZB), 03˚38’S 121˚11’E, alt. ca. 1.450 m, Wawo, Tinukari, 14.vii.2011, RU et al .; South Sulawesi: 1 ♀ (IUNH), 02°59’S 119°53’E, Rantepao; Tana Toraja, 29.x.2000, JK; 1 ♀ (IUNH), 03˚28’S 119˚47’E, alt. ca. 500 m, Bambapuang, Anggeraja, Enrekang, 18.viii.2014, JK et al.; Wawonii I.: 7 ♀ (MZB), Langara, Lampeapi, Lowibueni Forest [ca. 04˚08’S 123˚07’E], Awit S. & Darmawan [1 ♀, 25.iv.2004; 6 ♀, alt. ca. 70-135 m, 29.iv-02.v.2004] .

Remarks. Vespa fervida is distributed throughout Sulawesi I. and is endemic to the island and its adjacent small islands. Its sister species, V. luctuosa de Saussure, 1854 (Perrard et al., 2013), is distributed in the Philippine Islands except Palawan I. (van der Vecht, 1957).

Distribution records: Sulawesi I., Selayar I., Buton I., (van der Vecht, 1957), Wawonii I. (present study).