Paracycloneura apicalis Tonnoir in Tonnoir & Edwards 1927

(Figs 5, 19, 32, 39, 71–77)

Tonnoir & Edwards 1927: 825 (description both sexes), plt. 61, fig. 62, plt. 62, fig. 73 (photos wing), plt. 75, fig. 238 (line drawing male terminalia).

Holotype. Male, Waiho [Westland, South Island], 21 Jan. 1922, A.L. Tonnoir leg. In NZAC (specimen seen).

Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from its congeners by the dark subapical fascia on the wing membrane (Fig. 19) and in details of the male terminalia (see below under P. inopinata).

Redescription. Male. Head. Fig. 32. First and occasionally second antennal flagellomeres light. Node of fourth flagellomere 2.2–2.5 times as long as wide (Figs 73, 76).

Wing. Fig. 19. Length 2.4–3.0 mm. Membrane with dark subapical fascia, with some setae close to posterior margin.

Terminalia. Gonocoxites with setae of various sizes including 3 large ventromesal setae and 2 very long, pale setae on interior ventromesal margin; ventrobasal surface mesally with numerous tiny warts; apicoventral lobe with 6 lateral bristles and 2 large, pale setae, and 5 short, blunt apical macrosetae of which the most apical one is largest (Fig. 74); mesal lobe long and narrow, with 1 large pale apical seta, 1 smaller pale mesal seta and 3 ordinary subbasal setae (Fig. 75); apicodorsal gonocoxal lobe directed mesally, strongly flattened, with rasplike surface, comblike dark lamella on ventromesal margin, and 1 sabre-like, pointed macroseta dorsosubapically (Figs 71, 72). Basal portion of gonostylus thick, with 2 mesal setae; apical portion slender, usually winding, with 1 fine subapical seta and some tiny setulae (Figs 75). Aedeagus/paramere complex with subtriangular, sclerotized tegmen (Fig. 77).

Remark. In their description of P. apicalis, Tonnoir and Edwards (1927: 825) mention “a male paratype from Cass [with] the wing-tip completely brownish”; this specimen, which we have not seen, should belong to our P. inopinata, or to even another Paracycloneura species not named here (see below).

Distribution and phenology. Endemic to NZ: SO (NN, BR, KA, WD). Confined to northern South Island. Adults, exclusively males, captured in beech and mixed podocarp/beech forests from November to February. A few specimens trapped in a beech tree crown in a height of 13.5 m.

Material studied. SO. BR: 2* males, L. Daniells Track 5 km E Springs Junction, 9 Nov. 2001, M. Jaschhof; KA: 3* males, Blue Duck Res., 24 and 31 Jan. 1991, R.K. Didham.