Dasyhelea bilineata Goetghebuer

Dasyhelea bilineata Goetghebuer, 1920: 45 (male, Belgium); Goetghebuer 1925: 121 (larva, pupa, male, female; Belgium, breeding site – leaf axils of Common Teasel); Thienemann 1925: 105, 107 (larva, pupa); Münchberg 1955: 390 (Germany, breeding site – leaf axils of Common Teasel); Disney & Wirth 1982: 233 (Great Britain, breeding site – leaf axils of Common Teasel).

Culicoides versicolor: Munsterhjelm 1920: 160 (egg, egg mass; Finland, breeding site – rock pools). Nec D. versicolor (Winnertz, 1852) .

Dasyhelea insignipalpis Kieffer, 1925c: 62 (as D. versicolor var. insignipalpis, male, female; Germany, breeding site – stoup). Syn. nov.

Prokempia bilineata: Kieffer 1925c: 72 (combination).

Tetraphora saxicola Edwards, 1929: 426 (male, female; Great Britain, breeding site – rock-holes). Syn. nov.

Dasyhelea geleiana Zilahi-Sebess, 1931: 321 (larva, pupa, male, female; Hungary, breeding site – rock pools); Zilahi- Sebess 1936b: 199 (Hungary); Zilahi-Sebess 1940: 48 (as D. dufouri var. geleiana, male, syn.: bilineta, = geleiana, = saxicola ?, = sensualis; Hungary, Slovakia); Valkanov 1941: 201 (Bulgaria, breeding site – rock pools); Ohm & Remmert 1955: 204 (pupa, France, breeding site – rock pools). Syn. nov.

Dasyhelea saxicola: Edwards 1933: 91 (male); Zavřel 1935: 1 (France, breeding site – rock-holes); Szadziewski 1986: 47 (male, female, syn.: = lithotelmatica; Austria, Great Britain, breeding site – rock pools); Knoz 1997: 81 (Czech Republic); Knoz 1998: 118 (Czech Republic); Tóthová et al. 2004b: 146 (Czech Republic); Szadziewski & Dominiak 2006: 143 (male, female, syn.: = lithotelmatica, = geleiana, = tecticola, = karelica; Algeria, France, Germany, Poland, Great Britain, Italy, breeding site – sink, rain gutter, rock-holes, rock pool, float system in greenhouse); Ashe et al. 2007: 115 (syn.: = lithotelmatica, = geleiana, = tecticola, = karelica, = montana; Ireland, Great Britain, breeding site – rock pools, rock-holes).

Dasyhelea obscura: Zavřel 1935: 2 (as Dasyhelea obscura Goetg., Croatia, breeding site – rock pools); Storå 1939: 17 (Finland, breeding site – rock pools); Remm 1962: 113 (male, female; Estonia). Nec D. obscura (Winnertz, 1852) .

Dasyhelea montana Zilahi-Sebess, 1940: 48 (as D. dufouri var. montana, syn.: bilineta, = geleiana, = saxicola ?, = sensualis; Hungary, Slovakia). Syn. nov.

Dasyhelea lithotelmatica Strenzke in Thienemann 1950: 178 (larva, pupa, male, female; Austria, breeding site – rock pools); Thienemann 1950: 167 (Austria, breeding site – rock pools); Tuzet & Ormiéres 1964: 163 (France, breeding site – rainwater pools); Disney 1975: 227 (Great Britain, breeding site – rock pools). Syn. nov.

Dasyhelea tecticola Remmert, 1953: 334 (larva, pupa, male, female; Germany, breeding site – rain gutters); Sannino & Espinosa 2004: 32 (larva, pupa, male, female; Italy, breeding site – float system in greenhouse). Syn. nov.

Culicoides dieuzeidei Vaillant, 1957: 265 (male, female; France, Algeria, breeding site – rock pools). Syn. nov.

Dasyhelea karelica Glukhova & Brodskaya, 1997: 443 (larva, pupa, male, female; Russia: Karelia, breeding site – rock pools). Syn. nov.

Dasyhelea dufouri: Szadziewski 1998: 103 (Switzerland) . Nec D. dufouri (Laboulbène, 1869) .

Type material: Holotype D. bilineata, 1 male: R.I.Sc.N.B. 18.073, Coll et det., M. Goetghebuer, 354, Uccle, 1-9-17, Lestage, det. Dasyhelea bilineata Goetgh., Dufouri, TYPE 3, Goetghebuer, (IRSNB).

New country records. Norway. Kvam, 29 V 98, 47, 1 female. Romania. Cheile Turzii n. Turda, water in the leaf axils of Dipsacus sp., 16 June 2007, 24-30 June 2007: 4 pupal exuviae, 2 males, 1 female, leg. P. Dominiak. Slovakia. Krajná Poľana n. Svidnik, water in the leaf axils of Dipsacus sp., 25 June 2007, 10 July 2007: 1 pupa, 1 male, leg. P. Dominiak; 11 July 2007: 3 pupae, 2 males, 1 female, leg. P. Dominiak. Spain. Grenada, Sierra de Lújar, 2 km S Orgive pago 500m vallée torrent sec maquis St. 23, 1.X. 1989, C. Dufour & J.P. Haenni, 1 female. Maitena, Grenada Prov., 11 July 1960 - 900 m., J.R. Vockeroth, 1 male, 2 females, (MHNN). Turkey. Bornova, Izmir Prov., T. Curtin - light, 1 female; 18 July 1961, T. Curtin - light, 7 males, 1 female; Oct. 1961, T. Curtin - light, 1 female; May 1962, T. Curtin - light, 1 male; June 1962, T. Curtin - light, 1 male (MHNN). Ukraine. Crimea, Alupka, garden at Vorontsov's Moorish Castle, 21 May 2008, net, 5 males, 4 females, leg. P. Dominiak.

Distribution. Norway, Finland, Russia (Karelia), Estonia, Ireland, Great Britain, Belgium, Germany, Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, France, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, Croatia, Hungary, Romania, Ukraine (Crimea), Bulgaria, Spain, Gibraltar, Turkey, Algeria.

Discussion. Our examination of the holotype of D. bilineata did not reveal any morphological differences between it and other specimens bred from leaf axils of Dipsacus sp. and those from rock pools determined as D. saxicola . Therefore, we propose to treat D. saxicola and all previously associated specific names as new junior synonyms of D. bilineata . The original description of D. insignipalpis Kieffer, 1925 c and Culicoides dieuzeidei Vaillant, 1957 agree with the diagnostic features of D. bilineata, and we consider them new junior synonyms of that species. Dasyhelea bilineata is a western Palaearctic faunal element. The aquatic larvae live in small bodies of water including rock pools and leaf axils.