Dasyhelea modesta (Winnertz)

Ceratopogon modestus Winnertz, 1852: 43 (female, Germany).

Dasyhelea modesta: Kieffer 1919: 50 (combination, in key); Kieffer 1925c: 65 (male, female); Goetghebuer 1927: 95 (female, Belgium); Goetghebuer 1932: 125 (male); Goetghebuer 1934a: 34 (male, female); Mayer 1934a: 225 (larva, pupa; Germany, breeding site – saline habitats); Goetghebuer & Timon David 1937: 411 (France); Zilahi- Sebess 1940: 51 (male, female, syn.: = strobli; Hungary); de Meijere 1946: 8 (the Netherlands); Thienemann 1950: 166 (Austria, breeding sites – lakes, ponds, mud, swamps); Thienemann 1954: 614 (syn.: = longipalpis, = halophila); Remm 1962: 110 (male, female, syn.: = strobli, Estonia); Remm 1966: 58 (Lithuania); Remm 1967: 13 (Georgia, Russia: North Ossetia); Remm 1969: 208 (male); Remm 1973b: 354 (Hungary); Havelka 1976a: 75 (Germany); Havelka 1976b: 226 (female); Remm 1979: 49 (Estonia); Remm 1981: 29 (syn.: = aestivus, = densipilosa); Szadziewski 1983: 66 (Poland); Szadziewski 1986: 38 (male, syn.: = aestivus, = longipalpis, = strobli, = pratensis, = bihamata, = moascari, =? densipilosa; Algeria, Belgium, Egypt, Iran, Poland, breeding site – saline soil); Delécolle & Rieb 1990: 184 (France); Gosseries 1991: 42 (syn.: = aestiva, = pratensis); Delécolle & Rieb 1993: 111 (Spain); Knoz 1996: 87 (the Netherlands); Knoz 1997: 81 (Czech Republic); Knoz 1998: 118 (Czech Republic); Chandler 1998: 55 (= D. holosericea sensu Edwards 1926, syn.: = aestiva); Szadziewski 1998: 103 (Switzerland); Przhiboro 1999: 130 (Russia: Karelia, breeding sites – littoral zone of lake); Hagan et al. 2000: 471 (Norway); Delécolle 2002: 28 (syn.: = aestiva, = longipalpis, = strobli, = pratensis, = bihamata, = moascari, = densipilosa; Andorra); Przhiboro 2004: 105 (Russia: Leningrad Oblast, breeding site – margin zone of lake); Tóthová et al. 2004a: 309 (Czech Republic); Tóthová et al. 2004b: 146 (Czech Republic); Yu et al. 2006: 324 (male, China); Chandler et al. 2008: 84 (male, Great Britain, breeding site – mud).

Ceratopogon aestivus Winnertz, 1852: 42 (female, Germany).

Dasyhelea aestiva: Kieffer 1919: 50 (combination, in key); Kieffer 1925c: 64 (female); Edwards 1929: 425 (= D. holosericea sensu Edwards 1926); Goetghebuer 1934a: 30 (female); Goetghebuer & Timon David 1937: 411 (France); Zilahi-Sebess 1940: 47 (female, Hungary); de Meijere 1946: 8 (the Netherlands); Remm 1962: 110 (male, female, syn.: =? pratensis; Estonia); Remm 1967: 14 (Azerbaijan, Georgia); Remm & Zhogolev 1968: 831 (Crimea); Damian-Georgescu 1973: 453 (male, female; Romania); Remm 1973b: 354 (Hungary); Havelka & Aguilar 1999: 36 (syn.: = modestus, = longipalpis, = densipilosa, =? bihamata).

Dasyhelea longipalpis Kieffer, 1913b: 37 (male, Germany); Kieffer 1915: 65 (male); Rieth 1915: 424, 425 (pupa, Germany, Sweden, breeding site – saline habitats, peat-bog); Thienemann 1915: 446 (Germany, Sweden, breeding site – saline habitats, peat-bog); Thienemann 1925: 103 (Germany, breeding site – saline habitats); Goetghebuer 1934a: 33 (male).

Dasyhelea inclusa Kieffer, 1918: 188 (male, Czech Republic); Goetghebuer 1934a: 33 (male). Syn. nov

Dasyhelea strobli Kieffer, 1919: 63 (new name for Ceratopogon versicolor var. obscurus Strobl nec Winnertz, female, Spain); Goetghebuer 1934a: 36 (syn.: = versicolor var. obscurus Strobl nec Winnertz, female).

Dasyhelea pratensis Goetghebuer, 1920: 44 (male, Belgium); Kieffer 1925c: 66 (male); Goetghebuer 1934a: 35 (male).

Dasyhelea bihamata Kieffer, 1923: 667 (male, Algeria); Goetghebuer 1934a: 31 (male).

Dasyhelea holosericea: Edwards 1926: 402 (male, female, syn.: =? aestiva, = pratensis). Nec Dasyhelea holosericea (Meigen, 1804) .

Dasyhelea moascari Macfie, 1943: 153 (male, female; Egypt); Boorman & van Harten 2002: 445 (male, Yemen). Dasyhelea densipilosa Tokunaga, 1963: 41 (female, Japan).

New country records. Afghanistan. Herat Prov., Karukh, 4200 ft, 43 km E Herat, 20 - X 1968, D.P. Wojcik, black light trap, 1 female, (MHNN). Bulgaria. Rila, Skakavica, 1580 m AMSL, 20 July 1976, 1 male, leg. R. Szadziewski. Spain. Gran Canaria, Bco. Azuaze, 18 XI 1995, light trap, Baez, Nilsson & Malmqvist, 1 male. Gran Canaria, Bco. Tirajana, 16 XI 1995, light trap, Baez, Nilsson & Malmqvist, 7 males, 1 female.

Distribution. Great Britain, Norway, Sweden, Russia (Karelia, Leningrad Oblast), Estonia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Switzerland, Austria, Ukraine (Crimea), Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Andorra, Spain (Spanish mainland, Canary Isl.), Georgia, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Iran, Yemen, China, Japan Algeria, Egypt.

Discussion. Dasyhelea inclusa described by Kieffer (1918) from the Czech Republic has two radial cells, a fifth palpal segment over four times longer than broad and antennal morphology indicate it is a typical member of the subgenus Dicryptoscena Enderlein. The only European species in this subgenus with a very long fifth palpal segment is D. modesta, and therefore, we consider D. inclusa a new junior synonym of D. modesta .

Dasyhelea bihamata determined by Navai (1994) from Afghanistan is a different species than D. bihamata Kieffer described from Algeria (Kieffer 1923, Szadziewski 1986) which we consider as a junior synonym of D. modesta .

This wide ranging Palaearctic species is known from all stages. The aquatic larvae live in lakes, ponds, mud, swamps, peat-bogs and have also been reared from algae in saline meadows. The records from Finland (Hackman 1980), Italy (Boorman et al. 1995) and Denmark (Petersen & Achim 2001) are questionable because they did not contain locality data, and therefore, we have not included these countries in this section.