Key to workers and queens of Malagasy Odontomachus ^HNS (modified from Brown [1:117]

1. Head narrow behind eyes; mandible with long, acute apical and preapical teeth; vertex of head coarsely, transversely striate............................... coquereli ^HNS

Head only slightly narrower across vertex than across eyes, with distinct extraocular furrows and temporal ridges; apical and preapical teeth of mandible short and blunt; vertex finely striate longitudinally, diverging behind ............... 2

2. Metasternal process acute, forming paired, slender spines, often unequal in length (Fig. 13a). Petiole spine notably bent posteriorly at base...................... troglodytes ^HNS

Metasternal process low, rounded (Fig. 13b). Petiole spine slightly curved posteriorly, comma but not noticeably bent posteriorly at base of spine................ simillimus ^HNS

Key to males of Malagasy Odontomachus ^HNS

1. Shortest distance between lateral ocellus and margin of compound eye smaller than maximum length of ocellus. Antenna with suberect setae; declivitous surface of propodeum without distinct rugae (Madagascar) .......... coquereli ^HNS

Shortest distance between lateral ocellus and margin of compound eye distinctly greater than maximum length of ocellus. Antenna with very short appressed to decumbent setae; declivitous surface of propodeum with distinct rugae directed towards margins ............................... 2

2. Body brownish yellow. Tarsal claw with small subapical tooth (Madagascar) ......................... troglodytes ^HNS

Body blackish or brown. Tarsal claw without subapical tooth (Seychelles)........................... simillimus ^HNS